scholarly journals Correcting a Longstanding Misconception about Social Roles and Personality: A Case Study in the Psychology of Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
John Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Social Roles ◽  
Psychology Of Science

Musical Traces’ Retraceable Paths

2018 ◽  
pp. lvi-22
Author(s):  
Robert C. Lancefield
Keyword(s):  
Social Roles ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study

Archival collections of ethnomusicological recordings can be valuable to people in the communities whose practices they document. Repatriating these sounds can raise complex ethical questions—some similar to those entailed in the repatriation of unique objects from museums, others specific to recorded sounds as replicable replicas of evanescent events. These questions can involve histories of collecting, repositories’ social roles, identity, translocality, ethical and legal affordances and constraints, and case-specific constellations of these and other factors. This chapter of the Oxford Handbook of Musical Repatriation focuses on questions central to musical repatriation, questionnaire responses from archives in eighteen countries, and an ethnographic case study of the return of certain recordings of Navajo music. First published in 1998, it considers repatriation as enacting an ethic founded in responsibility to the creators of music documented in many collections for which archives care, and as emblematic of changing relationships among researchers, institutions, and communities.

scholarly journals Social roles and moral reasoning: A case study in a rural African community.

1981 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 595-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Harkness ◽  
Carolyn P. Edwards ◽  
Charles M. Super
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
African Community

scholarly journals Verbal Aggressiveness in Communication in Media and Online. A Case Study of the TV Cooking Show »Spread«

Bohemistyka ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jindřiška Svobodova ◽  
Eva Nováková
Keyword(s):  
Social Roles ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Verbal Aggressiveness ◽  
Communicative Acts ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Clear Tendency ◽  
Self Image

The paper discusses verbal aggressiveness and (im)politeness in media and online communication. The analysis focuses on transcriptions of communicative acts by participants of the TV reality Spread! ("Prostřeno!", a Czech version of the programme Come Dine with me) and viewers' comments in related online discussions. The analysis indicated that the use of face-threatening acts was determined by a type of communicative interaction and interlocutors' social roles. Striving to construct a positive self-image, the participants in the show did not take the risk of losing their face due to usage of derogatory or vulgar expressions in face-to-face inter- actions. The anonymous online discussions, on the contrary, did not pose any risk for the positive faces of the speakers; therefore, the interlocutors showed clear tendency to either appreciate and support, or attack the contestants as well as other speakers. 

scholarly journals Male Social Roles and Mobility in the Early Nordic Bronze Age. A Perspective from SE Jutland

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1-167
Author(s):  
Louise Felding ◽  
Samantha S. Reiter ◽  
Karin M. Frei ◽  
Helle Vandkilde
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Study Results ◽  
War And Society ◽  
Isotope Analyses

This paper provides a discussion of the increasing amount of mobility data from the Early Nordic Bronze Age (Early NBA), c. 1600-1100 BCE with particular focus on NBA II and III (c. 1500-1100 BCE). As a male-oriented study, the intent is to develop current perspectives on gender roles in the Early NBA in relation to mobility. In order to achieve our aim, we conducted strontium isotope analyses and radiocarbon dating combined with an in-depth archaeological investigation of grave goods obtained from two male burials from the Vejle region, SE Jutland.  To contextualise the case study results, we also conducted network analyses of male gear from burials and ritual deposits on a regional scale, which reveal differentiated roles among men in the upper social echelon. The warrior emerged as an overall identity for high-ranking males whilst differences in male weaponry interestingly suggest that a minimum of three kinds of warriors were distinguished, reflecting social roles in war and society. The results suggest that one of the individuals was local while the other might have moved. The overall aim is to demonstrate that robust results regarding gendered mobilities will depend on the combination of several methods, datasets and scales of inquiry.  

Conscientious Objection and the State

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 666-687
Author(s):  
Adi Livny
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Conscientious Objection ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military

The abundant writing on conscientious objection (CO) had kept one significant actor rather neglected—the state. Relatively unexplored is the question of how democracies shape their policies toward CO. This article wishes to address this gap, focusing in particular on states that maintain conscription, and examining what accounts for their different responses to CO. Based on the Israeli case study, while drawing on comparative insights from The Federal Republic of Germany and Switzerland during the Cold War, I argue that states’ treatment of CO depends primarily on the military’s status and the type of roles assigned to conscription. States in which these roles are mainly functional, and the military does not enjoy, accordingly, a high symbolic status will be more inclined to formally recognize CO than states in which the military fulfills civilian–social roles and enjoys a high symbolic status. Lack of recognition, however, does not necessarily imply harshness; states of the latter sort might nonetheless accommodate CO through unofficial means. Thus, when discussing the policy towards CO a distinction is ought to be made between accommodation and recognition.

Gift versus Trade: On the Culture of Science Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-472
Author(s):  
Ilya Kasavin
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Commodity Fetishism ◽  
Ancient Trade ◽  
Trading Zones ◽  
Cultural Pattern ◽  
Science Philosophy ◽  
Culture Of Science

This article aims at a critical reevaluation of the trading zone concept (Galison). It starts from a case study of the Faraday–Whewell collaboration in coming to terms with electrolysis experiments. The case is supposed to be an example of a trade zone of science/philosophy interaction though it demonstrates the unequal nature of the “trade.” This requires the analysis to log in some details concerning Galison’s metaphor of trading zones, which reveals its market-oriented connotations. The following criticism of the market metaphor for science applies a revised version of Boris Hessen’s argument (“commodity fetishism”) against misinterpretation of technology by some British scientists. A closer look at the ancient trade rituals in Marcel Mauss’ seminal work enables discovering another cultural pattern for describing scientific communication as opposed to trade—gift. This helps picture science as a distribution of social roles and statuses and uncovers the normative and value dimension of gift zones language.

Gendering the nation: A case study on the postage stamps of Cyprus

Semiotica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (215) ◽  
pp. 73-90
Author(s):  
Sonia Andreou ◽  
Stephanie Stylianou ◽  
Evripides Zantides
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Postage Stamps ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus

AbstractThe current study addresses the gender roles and the stereotypes produced in the context of Cypriot society, through their representations on postage stamps produced by the Republic of Cyprus from 1960 to 2013. The theoretical framework employed derives from relevant theories on social roles’ divisions based on gender, as well as the way these roles and stereotypes are expressed through images. The corpus has been analyzed by means of content analysis and semiotic analysis was employed in order to explore how the theoretical framework complies with selected stamps from the content analysis in respect of non-verbal signs. According to the findings, the role of women on stamp representations seems to be secondary and tied with emotional qualities, while men seem to hold a more prominent position in the society. This fact is reflected both on the quantity of stamps representing each gender in the respective thematic categories, as well as, on the selected stamps studied with semiotic analysis. Nonetheless, there have been strong indications that the social roles of genders and therefore stereotypes have started changing as the society progresses through the years. This process however, does not seem apparent on the imagery used for the stamps of the Republic of Cyprus.

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