scholarly journals Effect of Transhumant Livestock Grazing on Pseudo-Alpine Grassland Bird Communities

Birds ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-41
Author(s):  
Evangelos G. Kotsonas ◽  
Dimitrios E. Bakaloudis ◽  
Christos G. Vlachos ◽  
Eleni M. Abraham ◽  
Vassilis Goutner
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Alpine Grasslands ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
Vegetation Height ◽  
High Conservation

Transhumance is a traditional animal husbandry system, but its effects on grassland avian communities have not been dealt with in depth. In this study, we quantified the influence of transhumance on the grassland avifauna, in representative pseudo-alpine grasslands with no (NGG), low (LGG), and high (HGG) grazing intensity in the Pindos Mountains, Central Greece. Two point count surveys were conducted within 20 sites in each grassland during the bird breeding season of 2016. We assessed bird diversity indices and accounted for whether the recorded habitat and topographic variables were involved in their variation. A total of 25 bird species were recorded, with the grazed grasslands supporting the most species of high conservation value, while the NGG showed the highest bird diversity. Bird species richness and diversity increased with the decrease of vegetation height, vegetation height heterogeneity, and the increase of rock cover. Bird communities exhibited different patterns among the three grazing regimes and specific bird species of high conservation value appeared to prefer different grasslands. Six species preferred HGG, one preferred LGG, while two preferred NGG. Our study highlights the necessity of heterogeneous pseudo-alpine grasslands with short and tall grass areas in order to maintain highly diverse bird communities.

Spring Bird Community Structure in Response to Habitat Heterogeneity in a Subtropical Hilly Landscape

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Wen Bin Li ◽  
Zhi Ming Mo ◽  
Xing Ting Chen ◽  
Chun Huang ◽  
Ming Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Indicator Species ◽  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Indicator Species Analysis ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitats ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
The Impact

To examine the impact of habitat heterogeneity on the bird communities, we investigated the structural differences of various bird communities occurring in heterogeneous habitats in the subtropical hilly areas of southern China. We used indicator Species Analysis (ISA) to test the association of specific bird species to particular habitats. We performed Two-way Cluster Analysis to find species patterning in response to habitat fragmentation. Our results demonstrated that heterogeneous habitats promoted bird diversity and human activities affected bird behavior. Indicator Species Analysis demonstrated that similar habitats had similar bird communities, while different habitats supported various bird indicator species. Although habitat diversity increased bird diversity of a region, it was unfavorable for the maintenance of specialized birds in the forests of the subtropical hilly area.

Grazing and plant biodiversity in upland acid grassland systems - why can we manipulate animal performance easily but not plant biodiversity?

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 62-62
Author(s):  
A. Waterhouse ◽  
J.P Holland ◽  
J.Milner
Keyword(s):  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Environmental Support ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Livestock Systems ◽  
Cross Compliance

Upland livestock systems dominate land use on upland semi-natural habitats of high conservation value. The future is unclear. CAP reform is likely to highlight the poor financial performance of hill livestock, cross compliance may be very light and agri-environmental support for positive management is likely to be limited. There is much debate about management for different objectives. Trends of abandonment of livestock grazing may continue. This paper highlights alternative outcomes of management of semi-natural grasslands and the linked impacts on livestock production.

scholarly journals Studi Variasi Tingkat Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung pada Berbagai Tipe Habitat di Areal Konservasi Perkebunan Sawit PT.MSM, Wilmar Plantation, Kalteng

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Belinda Hastaril ◽  
Muhammad Arief Soendjoto
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Heath Forest ◽  
Heterogeneous Vegetation

High Conservation Value Areas (HCVA) in palm oil plantation is one of the efforts to reduce the negative impoct of oil palm plantations on biodiversity. The purpose of this study was to to identify bird species in dffirent types of habitats in the conserration area of oil palm plantations, calculate and compare the diversity of bird species and how is the relations with vegetation as habitat componen\ the study location at PT. MSM, Wilmar Plantation Central Kalimantan. The results showed the diversity value of birds and vegetation hos a positive relationship. Forested habitat v,ith heterogeneous vegetation presenting a higher value of diversity bird species than homogeneous vegetation hobitat. The highest diversity of bird species is the habitot of swampforests (H'3,70) lowland forest (H'3,69), heath forest (H'3,59) and the lowest is the habitat of palm plantatioru (H' 2,60).

scholarly journals Conserving native trees increases native bird diversity and community composition on commercial office developments

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Dyson
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Bird Conservation ◽  
Tree Protection ◽  
Matrix Habitat ◽  
Site Use

Abstract In cities, woody vegetation provides critical shelter, nesting and foraging habitat for bird species of interest. Human actions—including development and landscaping choices—determine vegetation community composition and structure, making these choices critically important to urban bird conservation. A better understanding of how bird communities are impacted by parcel-scale actions can help guide policy and management best practices to improve matrix habitat quality and quantity. Here, I examined how bird habitat use varies along a vegetation gradient created by different development and landscaping choices. I surveyed 20 commercial office developments near Seattle in the Puget Trough region of Washington, USA selected using stratified random sampling, where I quantified bird communities and observed feeding behavior. I used GLMM and PERMANOVA models with data likelihood metrics to identify the best supported variables for bird site use, along with TITAN models to identify changes in community composition along environmental gradients. I found that measures of bird effective species richness and bird community are positively influenced by the presence of more native conifers, including the presence of a stand predating development and the height and density of native conifers. Measures of the native bird community are negatively influenced by higher non-native tree density. In contrast to prior research, top-down landscape-scale variables did not explain variation in measures of the bird community on office developments. Importantly, I found that birds are associated with the same habitat on office developments as observed elsewhere. Together, my findings suggest an important role for developers, land owners, landscape architects, and tree protection policy in bird conservation.

scholarly journals Respon Komunitas Burung terhadap Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Panas Bumi (PLTP) Kamojang, Bandung, Jawa Barat

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diyah Kartikasari ◽  
Satyawan Pudyatmoko ◽  
Novianto Bambang Wawandono ◽  
Pri Utami
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Geothermal Power Plant ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Geothermal Power

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon komunitas burung terhadap keberadaan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Panas Bumi Kamojang. Kami membandingkan keanekaragaman dan kekayaan jenis burung pada lokasi yang terdampak (DL) dan tidak terdampak (TL) di Wilayah Kerja Panas Bumi Kamojang, Cagar Alam Kamojang dan Taman Wisata Alam Kamojang di Kabupaten Bandung Provinsi Jawa Barat. Lokasi yang terdampak berada di sekitar sumur produksi atau pembangkit listrik tenaga panas bumi (30 sampel) sedangkan lokasi yang tidak terdampak adalah dengan jarak 3.000 m sampai 9.000 m dari fasilitas tersebut (42 sampel). Pengumpulan data dilakukan selama dua musim; musim kemarau dan penghujan (2015-2016). Kami mengumpulkan data komunitas burung dan data habitat dengan metode point count yang ditempatkan secara sistematis di setiap lokasi. Kami menemukan 124 spesies burung yang terdiri dari 35 famili dan 16 spesies di antaranya adalah burung endemik di Pulau Jawa. Dua puluh tiga spesies dilindungi oleh undang-undang di Indonesia, sembilan spesies termasuk dalam daftar lampiran CITES dan lima spesies masuk dalam Daftar Merah Spesies Terancam IUCN tahun 2017. Terdapat perbedaan respon antara komunitas burung di lokasi terdampak dan tidak terdampak yang ditunjukkan dengan perbedaan rata-rata jumlah spesies, jumlah individu masing-masing spesies, indeks keanekaragaman ShannonWiener. Lokasi tidak terdampak memiliki nilai lebih tinggi pada parameter ini dibanding lokasi yang terkena dampak. Demikian juga, jumlah spesies, jumlah individu vegetasi dan indeks keanekaragaman hayati ShannonWiener pada lokasi TL memiliki nilai rata-rata lebih tinggi daripada lokasi DL. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa meskipun panas bumi dianggap sebagai energi ramah lingkungan namun dalam penggunaannya masih berdampak pada keanekaragaman hayati di sekitarnya terutama untuk jenis burung. Response of Bird Community to Kamojang Geothermal Power Plant, Bandung, West JavaAbstractThis study aimed to investigate the response of bird communities on the presence of geothermal power plant of Kamojang. We compared the bird diversity and richness of affected (DL) and not affected (TL) in Kamojang Geothermal Working Area, Kamojang Nature Reserve and Kamojang Nature Park in Bandung regency of West Java Province. The affected sites were surrounding production wells or geothermal power plants (30 samples) whereas not affected sites were with distance of 3,000 m to 9,000 m from those facilities (42 samples). The data collection was carried out during two seasons; dry and rainy season in (2015-2016). In each site, we collected bird community data and habitat data with the point count method which was placed systematically on each sites. We found 124 birds species belongs to 35 families with 16 endemic species in Java Island. Twenty three species are protected by Indonesian law, with nine species are in the CITES appendix list and five species are listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species of 2017. There was a difference of responses between bird communities in the affected and not affected sites which is indicated by differences in the mean number of species, number of individuals in each species, and Shannon-Wiener's diversity index. The not affected sites had higher value on these parameters than the affected sites. Similarly, number of species, number of individual vegetation, and Shannon-Wiener biodiversity index in TL sites had higher mean values than DL sites. This proves that although geothermal is considered as environmentally friendly energy but in its utilization it still has an impact on the surrounding biodiversity especially for bird species.

scholarly journals Big Bird Plots: Benchmarking Neotropical Bird Communities to Address Questions in Ecology and Conservation in an Era of Rapid Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Douglas Robinson ◽  
Dan Errichetti ◽  
Henry S. Pollock ◽  
Ari Martinez ◽  
Philip C Stouffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Bird Abundance

Extensive networks of large plots have the potential to transform knowledge of avian community dynamics through time and across geographical space. In the Neotropics, the global hotspot of avian diversity, only six 100-ha plots, all located in lowland forests of Amazonia, the Guianan shield and Panama, have been inventoried sufficiently. We review the most important lessons learned about Neotropical forest bird communities from those big bird plots and explore opportunities for creating a more extensive network of additional plots to address questions in ecology and conservation, following the model of the existing ForestGEO network of tree plots. Scholarly impact of the big bird plot papers has been extensive, with the papers accumulating nearly 1,500 citations, particularly on topics of tropical ecology, avian conservation, and community organization. Comparisons of results from the plot surveys show no single methodological scheme works effectively for surveying abundances of all bird species at all sites; multiple approaches have been utilized and must be employed in the future. On the existing plots, abundance patterns varied substantially between the South American plots and the Central American one, suggesting different community structuring mechanisms are at work and that additional sampling across geographic space is needed. Total bird abundance in Panama, dominated by small insectivores, was double that of Amazonia and the Guianan plateau, which were dominated by large granivores and frugivores. The most common species in Panama were three times more abundant than those in Amazonia, whereas overall richness was 1.5 times greater in Amazonia. Despite these differences in community structure, other basic information, including uncertainty in population density estimates, has yet to be quantified. Results from existing plots may inform drivers of differences in community structure and create baselines for detection of long-term regional changes in bird abundances, but supplementation of the small number of plots is needed to increase generalizability of results and reveal the texture of geographic variation. We propose fruitful avenues of future research based on our current synthesis of the big bird plots. Collaborating with the large network of ForestGEO tree plots could be one approach to improve understanding of linkages between plant and bird diversity. Careful quantification of bird survey effort, recording of exact locations of survey routes or stations, and archiving detailed metadata will greatly enhance the value of benchmark data for future repeat surveys of the existing plots and initial surveys of newly established plots.

Conservation value of human-modified forests for birds in mountainous regions of south-west China

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
FEI WU ◽  
LUMING LIU ◽  
JIANLING FANG ◽  
RENGONG ZHANG ◽  
XIAOJUN YANG
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
West China ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
South West ◽  
Forest Interior ◽  
Primary Forests

SummaryMountain systems are often recognised as biodiversity hotspots; however, most montane forests are human-modified. Understanding the conservation value of human-modified forests is essential to mountain biodiversity conservation. In this study, mist-nets and point-counts were used to compare the bird communities of primary forests on ridges in the Ailao Mountains of Yunnan, China, and secondary forests, firewood forests, and pine plantations in nearby lower elevation zones. We found that community turnover among habitats was very high using both methods. Although the percentage of forest interior species and insectivores in each habitat was higher in the primary forests than in the human-modified forests, relatively high percentages of forest interior species and insectivores were recorded in the human-modified forests. Moreover, many bird species, forest interior species, insectivores and babblers were only recorded in the human-modified forests. Our study indicated that the primary forests are important for sustaining mountain bird diversity. However, given that primary forests are restricted to ridges, secondary forests, firewood forests, and pine plantations at lower elevations also play important roles in bird conservation in mountainous regions by increasing landscape diversity and partially offsetting species loss from primary forests. Therefore, conservation efforts should also be concentrated on human-modified forests at lower elevations in mountainous regions in south-west China.

STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS BURUNG DI TAMAN SITULEMBANG, TAMAN SUROPATI , DAN TAMAN MENTENG, JAKARTA PUSAT

Jurnal BIOMA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Juliadi Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
City Park

Birds are one of the animals that can be encountered utilizing City Park as a habitat. The existence of birds in a habitat influenced by factors such as life support shelter and feed availability. Situlembang Park, Suropati Park, and Menteng Park has a different characteristic. The purpose of this research was to observe differences in the structure of bird communities in the three parks. This study was conducted in January-March 2015 using descriptive method with point count technique. Results of the research the highest abundance of species in the Situlembang park is Pycnonoctus aurigaster, while bird species in Menteng Park and Suropati Park is Passer mountanus. The highest levels of bird diversity found in Situlembang park is 2,37 then Suropati Park (2.18), and Lowest Menteng Park (2.17). Bird species evenness index in the three parks is high (0.80 to 0.81) and and the dominance index is low (0.13 to 0.15) .The level in similarity index of bird species in the three parks is high (0,80- 0.88).

scholarly journals Sustaining biodiversity in ancient tropical countryside: Fig. 1.

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (46) ◽  
pp. 17852-17854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jai Ranganathan ◽  
R. J. Ranjit Daniels ◽  
M. D. Subash Chandran ◽  
Paul R. Ehrlich ◽  
Gretchen C. Daily
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Tropical Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystem ◽  
Bird Species Richness

With intensifying demands for food and biofuels, a critical threat to biodiversity is agricultural expansion into native tropical ecosystems. Tropical agriculture, particularly intensive agriculture, often supports few native organisms, and consequently has been largely overlooked in conservation planning; yet, recent work in the Neotropics demonstrates that tropical agriculture with certain features can support significant biodiversity, decades after conversion to farmland. It remains unknown whether this conservation value can be sustained for centuries to millennia. Here, we quantify the bird diversity affiliated with agricultural systems in southwest India, a region continuously cultivated for >2,000 years. We show that arecanut palm (Areca catechu) production systems retain 90% of the bird species associated with regional native forest. Two factors promote this high conservation value. First, the system involves intercropping with multiple, usually woody, understory species and, thus, has high vertical structural complexity that is positively correlated with bird species richness. Second, the system encompasses nearby forests, where large quantities of leaf litter are extracted for mulch. The preservation of these forests on productive land traces back to their value in supplying inputs to arecanut cultivation. The long-term biodiversity value of an agricultural ecosystem has not been documented in South and Southeast Asia. Our findings open a new conservation opportunity for this imperiled region that may well extend to other crops. Some of these working lands may be able to sustain native species over long-time scales, indicating that conservation investments in agriculture today could pay off for people and for nature.

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