scholarly journals Electrochemical Biosensors for Detection of MicroRNA as a Cancer Biomarker: Pros and Cons

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Maliana El Aamri ◽  
Ghita Yammouri ◽  
Hasna Mohammadi ◽  
Aziz Amine ◽  
Hafsa Korri-Youssoufi
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Biomarker ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Electrochemical Signal ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Cancer Marker Detection ◽  
Labeled Probe ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Intercalating Agents

Cancer is the second most fatal disease in the world and an early diagnosis is important for a successful treatment. Thus, it is necessary to develop fast, sensitive, simple, and inexpensive analytical tools for cancer biomarker detection. MicroRNA (miRNA) is an RNA cancer biomarker where the expression level in body fluid is strongly correlated to cancer. Various biosensors involving the detection of miRNA for cancer diagnosis were developed. The present review offers a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in electrochemical biosensor for miRNA cancer marker detection from 2015 to 2020. The review focuses on the approaches to direct miRNA detection based on the electrochemical signal. It includes a RedOx-labeled probe with different designs, RedOx DNA-intercalating agents, various kinds of RedOx catalysts used to produce a signal response, and finally a free RedOx indicator. Furthermore, the advantages and drawbacks of these approaches are highlighted.

scholarly journals Metal Nanoparticle and Quantum Dot Tags for Signal Amplification in Electrochemical Immunosensors for Biomarker Detection

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Anton Popov ◽  
Benediktas Brasiunas ◽  
Asta Kausaite-Minkstimiene ◽  
Almira Ramanaviciene
Keyword(s):  
Signal Amplification ◽  
Electrochemical Immunosensor ◽  
Metal Nanoparticle ◽  
Biomarker Detection ◽  
Analytical Instruments ◽  
Electrochemical Immunosensors ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Electrochemical Signal ◽  
Detection Of Biomarkers

With the increasing importance of healthcare and clinical diagnosis, as well as the growing demand for highly sensitive analytical instruments, immunosensors have received considerable attention. In this review, electrochemical immunosensor signal amplification strategies using metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and quantum dots (Qdots) as tags are overviewed, focusing on recent developments in the ultrasensitive detection of biomarkers. MNPs and Qdots can be used separately or in combination with other nanostructures, while performing the function of nanocarriers, electroactive labels, or catalysts. Thus, different functions of MNPs and Qdots as well as recent advances in electrochemical signal amplification are discussed. Additionally, the methods most often used for antibody immobilization on nanoparticles, immunoassay formats, and electrochemical methods for indirect biomarker detection are overviewed.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Plasmonic Sensors of Phenol and Its Derivatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10519
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Hoàng Ly ◽  
Sang Jun Son ◽  
Ho Hyun Kim ◽  
Sang-Woo Joo
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Trace Detection ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Analytical Tools

Many scientists are increasingly interested in on-site detection methods of phenol and its derivatives because these substances have been universally used as a significant raw material in the industrial manufacturing of various chemicals of antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory drugs, antioxidants, and so on. The contamination of phenolic compounds in the natural environment is a toxic response that induces harsh impacts on plants, animals, and human health. This mini-review updates recent developments and trends of novel plasmonic resonance nanomaterials, which are assisted by various optical sensors, including colorimetric, fluorescence, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), and plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. These advanced and powerful analytical tools exhibit potential application for ultrahigh sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid detection of phenol and its derivatives. In this report, we mainly emphasize the recent progress and novel trends in the optical sensors of phenolic compounds. The applications of Raman technologies based on pure noble metals, hybrid nanomaterials, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are presented, in which the remaining establishments and challenges are discussed and summarized to inspire the future improvement of scientific optical sensors into easy-to-operate effective platforms for the rapid and trace detection of phenol and its derivatives.

scholarly journals A Review: Electrospinning and Electrospinning Nanofibre Technology, Process & Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-538
Author(s):  
Somesh S. Bhagure ◽  
Dr. Adarsh R. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Early History ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Thin Fiber ◽  
Filtration Membranes ◽  
Technology Process ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Catalytic Supports ◽  
Remarkable Progress

Electrospinning is a versatile and viable technique for ultra-thin fiber generation. Remarkable progress has been made with regard to the development of Electrospinning methods and the engineering of Electrospinning Nanofibre to suit or enable different applications. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of Electrospinning, including principles, methods, materials and applications. We begin with a brief introduction to the early history of Electrospinning, followed by a discussion of its principle and its typical apparatus. Subsequently, we discuss the applications of electrospun Nanofibre, including their use as smart mattresses, filtration membranes, catalytic supports, energy harvesting / conversion / storage components, and photonic and electronic devices, as well as biomedical scaffolds. We highlight the most relevant and recent developments in the application of electrospun Nanofibre by focusing on the most representative examples.

scholarly journals Tribology of 2D Nanomaterials: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul С. Uzoma ◽  
Huan Hu ◽  
Mahdi Khadem ◽  
Oleksiy V. Penkov
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Frictional Coefficients ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The exfoliation of graphene has opened a new frontier in material science with a focus on 2D materials. The unique thermal, physical and chemical properties of these materials have made them one of the choicest candidates in novel mechanical and nano-electronic devices. Notably, 2D materials such as graphene, MoS2, WS2, h-BN, and Black Phosphorus have shown outstanding lowest frictional coefficients and wear rates, making them attractive materials for high-performance nano-lubricants and lubricating applications. The objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive overview of the most recent developments in the tribological potentials of 2D materials. At first, the essential physical, wear, and frictional characteristics of the 2D materials including their production techniques are discussed. Subsequently, the experimental explorations and theoretical simulations of the most common 2D materials are reviewed in regards to their tribological applications such as their use as solid lubricants and surface lubricant nano-additives. The effects of micro/nano textures on friction behavior are also reviewed. Finally, the current challenges in tribological applications of 2D materials and their prospects are discussed.

Relative Importance of Blockchain in Cryptocurrency, Banking & Health Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 6-25
Author(s):  
Hari Priya Ponnakanti ◽  
Bilal Gonen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Large Database ◽  
High Scale ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Medical Sector ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Pros And Cons

This paper looks at the opportunities and challenges of implementing blockchain technology across medical, finance and banking sectors, and provides a clear view which can enable Blockchain for more extents. After going through few articles and papers related to applications of Blockchain, we gained a vivid knowledge on pros and cons on Blockchain applications from each article. Few drawbacks that we encountered are using Power of Work (POW) in medical sector which is destroying the computing ability at a stage when system is getting bigger and eventually which is wasting lots of resources. One study over conceptual proposal on blockchain is the idea of using trade credit as the value of transactions, and this trade credit is in the scope of trade secret which improves trade confidentiality and makes it more secure. Moreover, centralization systems have few risks owing to their dependence on a high scale which could tamper the data or can even block access, change the rules and might even completely shut down the system. Few more drawbacks are designing and building a secure blockchain system is much more difficult on large-scale of banking sector with large database. To address these challenges, recent developments in blockchain technology are enabling novel opportunities in every possible sector by using Trust-worthy cloud, IoT and artificial intelligence, which makes it more powerful and secure. After analyzing Blockchain implementations and identifying their limitations, we conclude with several promising directions for future research.

Big Data Analytics Tools and Platform in Big Data Landscape

2018 ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Mohd Imran ◽  
Mohd Vasim Ahamad ◽  
Misbahul Haque ◽  
Mohd Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analysis ◽  
Apache Hadoop ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Analytical Tools

The term big data analytics refers to mining and analyzing of the voluminous amount of data in big data by using various tools and platforms. Some of the popular tools are Apache Hadoop, Apache Spark, HBase, Storm, Grid Gain, HPCC, Casandra, Pig, Hive, and No SQL, etc. These tools are used depending on the parameter taken for big data analysis. So, we need a comparative analysis of such analytical tools to choose best and simpler way of analysis to gain more optimal throughput and efficient mining. This chapter contributes to a comparative study of big data analytics tools based on different aspects such as their functionality, pros, and cons based on characteristics that can be used to determine the best and most efficient among them. Through the comparative study, people are capable of using such tools in a more efficient way.

Big Data Analytics Tools and Platform in Big Data Landscape

2022 ◽  
pp. 622-631
Author(s):  
Mohd Imran ◽  
Mohd Vasim Ahamad ◽  
Misbahul Haque ◽  
Mohd Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analysis ◽  
Apache Hadoop ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Analytical Tools

The term big data analytics refers to mining and analyzing of the voluminous amount of data in big data by using various tools and platforms. Some of the popular tools are Apache Hadoop, Apache Spark, HBase, Storm, Grid Gain, HPCC, Casandra, Pig, Hive, and No SQL, etc. These tools are used depending on the parameter taken for big data analysis. So, we need a comparative analysis of such analytical tools to choose best and simpler way of analysis to gain more optimal throughput and efficient mining. This chapter contributes to a comparative study of big data analytics tools based on different aspects such as their functionality, pros, and cons based on characteristics that can be used to determine the best and most efficient among them. Through the comparative study, people are capable of using such tools in a more efficient way.

scholarly journals Tribology of 2D Nanomaterials: A Review

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 897
Author(s):  
Paul C. Uzoma ◽  
Huan Hu ◽  
Mahdi Khadem ◽  
Oleksiy V. Penkov
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Frictional Coefficients ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The exfoliation of graphene has opened a new frontier in material science with a focus on 2D materials. The unique thermal, physical and chemical properties of these materials have made them one of the choicest candidates in novel mechanical and nano-electronic devices. Notably, 2D materials such as graphene, MoS2, WS2, h-BN and black phosphorus have shown outstanding lowest frictional coefficients and wear rates, making them attractive materials for high-performance nano-lubricants and lubricating applications. The objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive overview of the most recent developments in the tribological potentials of 2D materials. At first, the essential physical, wear and frictional characteristics of the 2D materials including their production techniques are discussed. Subsequently, the experimental explorations and theoretical simulations of the most common 2D materials are reviewed in regards to their tribological applications such as their use as solid lubricants and surface lubricant nano-additives. The effects of micro/nano textures on friction behavior are also reviewed. Finally, the current challenges in tribological applications of 2D materials and their prospects are discussed.

Deep Learning: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 399-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Serre
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Machine Vision ◽  
Artificial Vision ◽  
Vision Systems ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Biological Vision ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Visual Intelligence ◽  
Modern Machine

Artificial vision has often been described as one of the key remaining challenges to be solved before machines can act intelligently. Recent developments in a branch of machine learning known as deep learning have catalyzed impressive gains in machine vision—giving a sense that the problem of vision is getting closer to being solved. The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of recent deep learning developments and to critically assess actual progress toward achieving human-level visual intelligence. I discuss the implications of the successes and limitations of modern machine vision algorithms for biological vision and the prospect for neuroscience to inform the design of future artificial vision systems.

scholarly journals Optical Camera Communications: Principles, Modulations, Potential and Challenges

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Willy Anugrah Cahyadi ◽  
Yeon Ho Chung ◽  
Zabih Ghassemlooy ◽  
Navid Bani Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Visible Light Communications ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Optical Wireless Communications ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Technical Issues

Optical wireless communications (OWC) are emerging as cost-effective and practical solutions to the congested radio frequency-based wireless technologies. As part of OWC, optical camera communications (OCC) have become very attractive, considering recent developments in cameras and the use of fitted cameras in smart devices. OCC together with visible light communications (VLC) is considered within the framework of the IEEE 802.15.7m standardization. OCCs based on both organic and inorganic light sources as well as cameras are being considered for low-rate transmissions and localization in indoor as well as outdoor short-range applications and within the framework of the IEEE 802.15.7m standardization together with VLC. This paper introduces the underlying principles of OCC and gives a comprehensive overview of this emerging technology with recent standardization activities in OCC. It also outlines the key technical issues such as mobility, coverage, interference, performance enhancement, etc. Future research directions and open issues are also presented.

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