scholarly journals Liquid Metal Based Flexible and Implantable Biosensors

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Mingkuan Zhang ◽  
Xiaohong Wang ◽  
Zhiping Huang ◽  
Wei Rao
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Metallic Material ◽  
Flexible Sensors ◽  
Implantable Biosensors ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Sensor Temperature ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Sensor Strain

Biosensors are the core elements for obtaining significant physiological information from living organisms. To better sense life information, flexible biosensors and implantable sensors that are highly compatible with organisms are favored by researchers. Moreover, materials for preparing a new generation of flexible sensors have also received attention. Liquid metal is a liquid-state metallic material with a low melting point at or around room temperature. Owing to its high electrical conductivity, low toxicity, and superior fluidity, liquid metal is emerging as a highly desirable candidate in biosensors. This paper is dedicated to reviewing state-of-the-art applications in biosensors that are expounded from seven aspects, including pressure sensor, strain sensor, gas sensor, temperature sensor, electrical sensor, optical sensor, and multifunctional sensor, respectively. The fundamental scientific and technological challenges lying behind these recommendations are outlined. Finally, the perspective of liquid metal-based biosensors is present, which stimulates the upcoming design of biosensors.

Recent Progress in Functional Peptides Designed for Tumor-targeted Imaging and Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyu Wang ◽  
Yi-Hui Wang ◽  
Zhen Song ◽  
Xin-Yuan Hu ◽  
Jiping Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Targeted Imaging ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Functional Peptides ◽  
Living Organisms

The diagnosis and therapy of tumors are challenging problems in the medical field. Peptides are derived from living organisms with excellent biocompatibility, low-toxicity/non-toxicity, and negligible immunogenicity, and they have been...

scholarly journals Review on advances in microcrystalline, nanocrystalline and ultrananocrystalline diamond films-based micro/nano-electromechanical systems technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 7171-7230
Author(s):  
Orlando Auciello ◽  
Dean M. Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Diamond Films ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Nanoelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Environmental Sensors ◽  
Implantable Biosensors ◽  
Ultrananocrystalline Diamond ◽  
Film Synthesis ◽  
New Generation

AbstractA comprehensive review is presented on the advances achieved in past years on fundamental and applied materials science of diamond films and engineering to integrate them into new generations of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Specifically, the review focuses on describing the fundamental science performed to develop thin film synthesis processes and the characterization of chemical, mechanical, tribological and electronic properties of microcrystalline diamond, nanocrystalline diamond and ultrananocrystalline diamond films technologies, and the research and development focused on the integration of the diamond films with other film-based materials. The review includes both theoretical and experimental work focused on optimizing the films synthesis and the resulting properties to achieve the best possible MEMS/NEMS devices performance to produce new generation of MEMS/NEMS external environmental sensors and energy generation devices, human body implantable biosensors and energy generation devices, electron field emission devices and many more MEMS/NEMS devices, to produce transformational positive impact on the way and quality of life of people worldwide.

Silicon in living organisms and new-generation biocomposite materials (review)

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 104-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. Beletskii ◽  
N. V. Sventskaya
Keyword(s):  
Living Organisms ◽  
New Generation

CODAR

2003 ◽  
pp. 266-297
Author(s):  
Zahir Tari ◽  
Abdelkamel Tari ◽  
Surya Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Database Systems ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Heterogeneous Databases ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Business Applications ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
New Generation

Connecting heterogeneous databases through the World Wide Web (WWW) is crucial for most business organizations. The underlying complex problem is the handling of heterogeneity and communication between different data repositories (or database systems). Such interoperability is crucial as it enables the integration of business processes across different business organizations, and therefore becomes a key issue within the new generation of Web-based business applications (called Web Services). CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) provides protocols and components that allow interoperability between different software platforms (Tari & Bukhres, 2001), such as C++ and Java. However, CORBA does not deal with WWW-based interoperability. In this paper we propose an extension of one of the core elements of CORBA, called Portable Object Adapter (POA), to deal with persistency of business information. The proposed extension, called CODAR, manages the whole life cycle of persistent objects, including activation, deactivation, instantiation, and deletion. At the end of this paper we describe an extension of CODAR to deal with performance by including advanced caching and prefetching techniques.

scholarly journals BCSExplorer: a customized biosynthetic chemical space explorer with multifunctional objective function analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Tian ◽  
Ling Wu ◽  
Le Yuan ◽  
Shaozhen Ding ◽  
Fu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Space ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Bulk Chemicals ◽  
Toxicity Analysis ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Almost All ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Rule Library

Abstract Summary The biosynthetic ability of living organisms has important applications in producing bulk chemicals, biofuels and natural products. Based on the most comprehensive biosynthesis knowledgebase, a computational system, BCSExplorer, is proposed to discover the unexplored chemical space using nature’s biosynthetic potential. BCSExplorer first integrates the most comprehensive biosynthetic reaction database with 280 000 biochemical reactions and 60 000 chemicals biosynthesized globally over the past 130 years. Second, in this study, a biosynthesis tree is computed for a starting chemical molecule based on a comprehensive biotransformation rule library covering almost all biosynthetic possibilities, in which redundant rules are removed using a new algorithm. Moreover, biosynthesis feasibility, drug-likeness and toxicity analysis of a new generation of compounds will be pursued in further studies to meet various needs. BCSExplorer represents a novel method to explore biosynthetically available chemical space. Availability and implementation BCSExplorer is available at: http://www.rxnfinder.org/bcsexplorer/. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Advances in biosorption of microelements – the starting point for the production of new agrochemicals

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Michalak ◽  
Anna Witek-Krowiak ◽  
Katarzyna Chojnacka ◽  
Amit Bhatnagar
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Feed Supplements ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Innovative Fertilizers ◽  
New Generation ◽  
High Bioavailability ◽  
Value Added Products

AbstractThis paper reports the advances in biosorption of trace elements to produce value-added products for agriculture. Innovative fertilizers and dietary feed supplements can be produced by biosorption, where micronutrients are bonded with biological material. The process is controlled by the equilibrium between functional groups and micronutrient ions (e.g., Cu(II), Mn(II), Fe(II), Zn(II)), yielding the products with controlled release properties. The latter assumes high bioavailability and low toxicity to plants and animals. This makes it possible to biofortify food of plant and animal (meat, milk, eggs) origin with microelements and produce a new generation of functional food, rich in microelements. Regulatory issues related with micronutrient dietary feed supplements and fertilizers were discussed. Special attention has been paid to micronutrient deficiencies in plant cultivation and animal nutrition and to the methods of overcoming this problem. The applicability of biosorption to supplement bioavailable form of nutritionally significant elements was discussed. Current developments of biosorption-based technologies for agriculture were presented.

scholarly journals THE MAIN CONCEPTS OF SYNTHESIS OF PEPTIDES AS A NEW GENERATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE DRUGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Mikhail A. Polianskii ◽  
◽  
Anatoly I. Ginak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Solid Polymer ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Polymer Carrier ◽  
Phase Synthesis ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
New Generation

Currently, peptide-based drugs are increasingly replacing dosage forms which have been widely used for many years due to their affinity for living organisms and greater selectivity to biological targets, which lead to a growing demand. To meet that demand, a method using a solid polymer carrier (solid-phase synthesis), which has no alternative for fast and large-scale synthesis, is used. Nevertheless, work on its improvement is carried out non-stop, not only to optimize the chemical process, but also to bring the process to compliance with environmental standards dictated by modern concepts of green chemistry

scholarly journals Redox Polymers as Electrode-Active Materials for Batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 063-070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Esser
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Redox Polymers ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
High Discharge ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Lower Discharge

Organic cathode materials are promising candidates for a new generation of ‘green batteries’, since they have low toxicity and can be produced from renewable resources or from petroleum. This review shows that organic redox polymers can show excellent battery performance regarding cycling stability and rate capability, and attractive specific capacities are accessible. Radical polymers and redox polymers based on heteroaromatics demonstrate superior rate capabilities and cycling stabilities at fast C-rates as well as high discharge potentials of 3–4 V versus Li/Li+, while quinone- or imide-based polymers deliver high specific capacities of up to 260 mAh g−1 with stable cycling at moderate C-rates and lower discharge potentials. This review article highlights the underlying design principles showcasing selected examples of well-performing redox polymers.

scholarly journals Next-Gen Network: Microwave Perspective: Impact, Challenges and Opportunity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 985-988
Author(s):  
Aditi Naik
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Next Generation Network ◽  
Tissue Heating ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Generation Network ◽  
Heating Radiation ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
New Generation

Abstract: Our need for higher performance and improved efficiency has led to the invention of 4G from 1G. This tendency to never settle has now brought us to a new generation of mobile communication - 5G. It is expected to provide more than just a faster network. Reduced latency, enormous netwrok capacity, greater reliability and overall improved user experience. This has come into focus with the possibility that the unused spectrum - (300 MHz to 30 GHz) can also be brought into use in the telecommunication inductry. As we know, everything comes with its own demerits and in this review paper, we shall discuss the health effects that microwave radiation has on living organisms with the antennas and connected devices being in close proximity to users and other organisms. Thereafter, we shall discuss the challenges and opportunities of the same. Keywords: next generation network, millimeter waves, health impact, tissue heating, radiation

Ryanodine receptor as insecticide target

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Samurkas ◽  
Li Yao ◽  
Hadiatullah Hadiatullah ◽  
Ruifang Ma ◽  
Yunxun Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ryanodine Receptor ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
And Function ◽  
New Generation

: Ryanodine receptor (RyR) is one of the primary targets of commercial insecticides. The diamide insecticide family, including flubendiamide, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, etc, targets insect RyRs and can be used to control a wide range of destructive agricultural pests. The diamide insecticides are highly selective against lepidopteran and coleopteran pests with relatively low toxicity for non-target species, such as mammals, fishes, and beneficial insects. However, recently mutations identified on insect RyRs have emerged and caused resistance in several major agricultural pests throughout different continents. This review paper summarizes the recent findings on structure and function of insect RyRs as insecticide target. Specifically, we examine the structures of RyRs from target and non-target species, which reveals the molecular basis for insecticide action and selectivity. We also examine the structural and functional changes of RyR caused by the resistance mutations. Finally, we examine the progress in RyR structure-based insecticide design, and discuss how this might help the development of new generation of green insecticides.

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