scholarly journals Metabolic Profiles, Bioactive Compounds, and Antioxidant Capacity in Lentinula edodes Cultivated on Log versus Sawdust Substrates

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1654
Author(s):  
Miso Nam ◽  
Ji Yeon Choi ◽  
Min-Sun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Primary Metabolites

Lentinula edodes (shiitake) is a popular nutritious edible mushroom with a desirable aroma and flavor. Traditional cultivation of L. edodes on beds of logs has been replaced by cultivation on sawdust, but the effects of cultivation changes on L. edodes mushrooms have not been well characterized. We determined the metabolic profile, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity in L. edodes grown on log or sawdust substrates. Metabolic profiles of L. edodes extracts were determined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis score plots from 1H NMR analysis showed clear differences between samples. Concentrations of primary metabolites, especially amino acids, generally decreased in L. edodes grown on logs compared to sawdust. Phenolic compounds showed variations in concentration depending on the cultivation method. Bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity were analyzed spectrophotometrically. L. edodes cultivated on logs had high concentrations of bioactive compounds with strong antioxidant capacity compared to L. edodes cultivated on sawdust. Thus, the concentration of primary metabolites was high in L. edodes grown on sawdust, which produces a high growth rate. In contrast, log-cultivated L. edodes, which were similar to wild mushrooms, had high levels of bioactive compounds and high antioxidant capacity. This information is useful for determining optimal cultivation conditions for nutritional and medicinal uses of L. edodes mushrooms.

scholarly journals Profile of Bioactive Compounds in the Morphological Parts of Wild Fallopia japonica (Houtt) and Fallopia sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) and Their Antioxidative Activity

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Lachowicz ◽  
Jan Oszmiański
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Fallopia Japonica

The aim of this study was to determine the content of triterpenoids and polyphenols, and antioxidative activity in leaves, stalks, and roots of plants from the species Fallopia as well as to present the main relationship between them. Polyphenolic compounds and triterpenoids were identified with liquid chromatography-photodiode detector-mass spectrometry/quadrupole time of flight (LC-MS-Q/TOF; qualitatively) and quantified with an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode detector (UPLC-PDA (quantitatively), and their antioxidative activity was determined with radical scavenging capacity (ABTS) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Generally, the wild Fallopia japonica Houtt. species had 1.2 times higher content of bioactive compounds and antioxidative activity than Fallopia sachalinensis. Contents of polyphenolic compounds determined in leaves, stalks, and roots were on average 17.81, 10.60, and 9.02 g/100 g of dry weight (DW), whereas the average contents of triterpenoids reached 0.78, 0.70, and 0.50 g/100 g DW, respectively. The leaves were a better source of polymeric procyanidins, phenolic acids, flavones, and flavonols, as well as oleanolic and ursolic acids than the other morphological parts of the tested plants. However, the roots were an excellent source of flavan-3-ols (monomeric and oligomer) and stilbenes, such as resveratrol, and their derivatives. The results obtained showed significant differences between plants of the wild Fallopia species and their morphological parts, and enabled selecting the most valuable morphological part of the tested plants to be used for food enrichment and nutraceuticals production. Therefore, the leaves seem to be the best as potential food additives for health, due to the above-average content of polyphenolic compounds and triterpenoids. In turn, roots, with their high contents of stilbenes and polyphenolic compounds, represent a good material for the medical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. The principal component analysis of the plants of wild Fallopia species and their morphological parts confirmed significant differences in their chemical composition.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Characteristics and Antimicrobial Activity of Australian Grown Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) Cultivars

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Dao Thi Phan ◽  
Gabriele Netzel ◽  
Panhchapor Chhim ◽  
Michael E. Netzel ◽  
Yasmina Sultanbawa
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Photodiode Array Detection ◽  
Commercial Sample ◽  
Skin Samples

This study systematically evaluated the main bioactive compounds and associated biological properties of two Australian grown garlic cultivars and commercial non-Australian grown garlic (for comparison purposes only). Additionally, the distribution of bioactive compounds in garlic skin and clove samples was determined to obtain a better understanding of the potential biological functionality of the different garlic parts. The identification and quantification of bioactive compounds was performed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and photodiode array detection (UHPLC-PDA-MS). A principal component analysis was applied to assess the correlation between the determined bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity as well as antimicrobial activity. The content of phenolic compounds (free and bound forms) in the garlic skin samples was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of the garlic cloves, and was also higher (p < 0.05) in the Australian grown cultivars compared to the commercial non-Australian grown garlic. Anthocyanins were found in the skin samples of the Australian grown garlic cultivars. The organosulfur compounds were higher (p < 0.05) in the cloves compared to the skin samples and higher (p < 0.05) in the Australian grown cultivars compared to the studied commercial sample. As the richer source of bioactive compounds, the Australian grown garlic cultivars exhibited a significantly (p < 0.05) higher antioxidant capacity and stronger (p < 0.05) antimicrobial activity than the commercial non-Australian grown garlic. The potential of garlic cultivars rich in bioactive compounds for domestic and industrial applications, e.g., condiment and natural food preservative, should be explored further.

Bioactive compounds by UPLC-PDA in different cocoa clones (Theobroma cacao L.) developed in the Southern region of Bahia, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (9) ◽  
pp. 2117-2127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Fonseca Maciel ◽  
Ana Lúcia de Souza Madureira Felício ◽  
Elisa Yoko Hirooka
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Many factors can influence the bioactive compounds in cocoa beans. The purpose of this paper is to characterize the bioactive compound profile of 12 cocoa bean clones produced in Bahia’s Southern region. Design/methodology/approach Total phenolic content, total flavonoids and total anthocyanins were determined using spectrophotometric methods. Caffeic acid, caffeine, theobromine, catechin and epicatechin contents were determined using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography with a Photodiode Array Detector. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out using to determine the variability of the results found in relation to the clones studied. Findings The authors observed variations in the bioactive compound content between the analyzed cocoa clones. The SRN clone showed the highest levels of phenolic content, flavonoids, caffeine, catechin, and epicatechin. PCA showed that all the clones had unique characteristics related to the composition of their bioactive compounds content, classifying each clone in a well-defined manner. Originality/value This work is an important contribution for the characterization of new cocoa bean clones in relation to their content of bioactive compounds. The information reported in this paper can be decisive in the choice of the variety of cocoa in the production of chocolate with high bioactive compounds content and claim of functional property.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Profiling and Quality Control of Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC. Using HPTLC Metabolomics

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Nduvho Mulaudzi ◽  
Chinedu P. Anokwuru ◽  
Sidonie Y. Tankeu ◽  
Sandra Combrinck ◽  
Weiyang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Retardation Factor ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Chemical Fingerprint

Terminalia sericea is used throughout Africa for the treatment of a variety of conditions and has been identified as a potential commercial plant. The study was aimed at establishing a high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) chemical fingerprint for T. sericea root bark as a reference for quality control and exploring chemical variation within the species using HPTLC metabo3lomics. Forty-two root bark samples were collected from ten populations in South Africa and extracted with dichloromethane: methanol (1:1). An HPTLC method was optimized to resolve the major compounds from other sample components. Dichloromethane: ethyl acetate: methanol: formic acid (90:10:30:1) was used as the developing solvent and the plates were visualized using 10% sulfuric acid in methanol as derivatizing agent. The concentrations of three major bioactive compounds, sericic acid, sericoside and resveratrol-3-O-β-rutinoside, in the extracts were determined using a validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array (UPLC-PDA) detection method. The rTLC software (written in the R-programming language) was used to select the most informative retardation factor (Rf) ranges from the images of the analysed sample extracts. Further chemometric models, including principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), were constructed using the web-based high throughput metabolomic software. The rTLC chemometric models were compared with the models previously obtained from ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). A characteristic fingerprint containing clear bands for the three bioactive compounds was established. All three bioactive compounds were present in all the samples, although their corresponding band intensities varied. The intensities correlated with the UPLC-PDA results, in that samples containing a high concentration of a particular compound, displayed a more intense band. Chemometric analysis using HCA revealed two chemotypes, and the subsequent construction of a loadings plot indicated that sericic acid and sericoside were responsible for the chemotypic variation; with sericoside concentrated in Chemotype 1, while sericic acid was more abundant in Chemotype 2. A characteristic chemical fingerprint with clearly distinguishable features was established for T. sericea root bark that can be used for species authentication, and to select samples with high concentrations of a particular marker compound(s). Different chemotypes, potentially differing in their therapeutic potency towards a particular target, could be distinguished. The models revealed the three analytes as biomarkers, corresponding to results reported for UPLC-MS profiling and thereby indicating that HPTLC is a suitable technique for the quality control of T. sericea root bark.

scholarly journals Plasma Characteristic Metabolites of Pediatric Community Acquired Pneumonia in TCM Syndrome Differentiation Syndrome Differentiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li An ◽  
Lili Lin ◽  
Shouchuan Wang ◽  
Xia Zhao ◽  
Tong Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Syndrome Differentiation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract Background Cold syndrome CS and Heat syndrome ( H S)S), with the opposite clinical manifestations, are two main syndrome types of pediatric community acquired pneumonia ( in Traditional Chinese medicine TCM )). According to research of syndrome types among CAP children, about 2.92% of them can be identified with CS while 91.25% with HS. This study aim s t o analyze plasma metabolic profiles and find out potential biomarkers for distinguishing H S from CS.Methods A total of 296 patients and 55 healthy controls (HC) were divided into discovery group ( n =213, HS=160, CS=23, HC= 30) and validation group N=138, HS=93, CS=20, HC = Plasma metabolic profiles were detected by ultra performance liquid chromatography combined with linear ion trap quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC/LTQ Orbitrap MS) in both positive and negative mode. Finally, plasma metabolic profiles were obtained through principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS DA)DA). Differential metabolites in CS and HS were screened by counting the value of fold change (FC 1.5 or 0.667 P value ( P 0.05 ) and false discovery rate (FDR 0.05 Diagnostic accuracy of potential biomarkers was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results Among all metabolites 3 amino acids including alanine, phenylalanine, arginine, and 4 glycerophospholipids including lysoPC20:1, lysoPE16:0, lysoPE18:0, PE(16:0 22:6) were increased (FC 1.5 FDR 0.05) in CS versus HC . While 6 glycerophospholipids including PC(18:1 18:1), PC(20:4 20:4), lysoPE 20:4, lysoPE 18:2, lysoPE 22:6 andPE(16:0 18:2) were decreased (FC 0. 667 FDR 0.05) in HS versus HC. However, Ceramide(d18:1 24:1) was increased in HS versus HC . Differential metabolites were mainly involved in amino acid, glycerophospholipid and linoleic acid metabolism via KEGG pathway analysis P<0.05) and they all exhibited good diagnostic abilities with ROC analysis AUC 0.9 54 Mo reover, lyso PC20:1, lysoPE16:0, lysoPE18:2, lysoPE20:4, lysoPE22:6, PC(18:1_18:1), PC(20:4_20: and PC(P 16:0_22:4) may serve as potential biomarkers for distinguishing HS from CS.Conclusions Plasma metabolism of amino acids and lipids (triglyceride, glycerophospholipid and sphingomyelin were largely disturbed in CAP children with CS or HS. Among them, detection of glycerophospholipids via metabolomics can help diagnose these two syndrome types on clinic.

scholarly journals Biofortification potential in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity and physicochemical properties of 155 varieties grown in México

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 12123
Author(s):  
Alejandro PALACIO-MÁRQUEZ ◽  
Damaris OJEDA-BARRIOS ◽  
Jorge JIMÉNEZ-CASTRO ◽  
Pablo PRECIADO-RANGEL ◽  
Ofelia A. HERNÁNDEZ-RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Fiber Protein ◽  
Place Of Origin

Common bean has been classified as an almost perfect food due to its high content of fiber, protein and bioactive compounds and its high antioxidant capacity, which has been attributed to having prevent diabetes, oxidative stress, bowel inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this research work was to characterize the physicochemical properties and bioactive compounds of 155 varieties of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) produced in Mexico with potential to be biofortified. The contents of protein, fiber, fat, carbohydrates and energy were analyzed by the methods established by the AOAC, in addition the antioxidant capacity (DPPH), the content of total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and phytic acid were obtained. Cluster, correlation, and principal component analysis were conducted. A total of 14 outstanding varieties was identified, where four varieties stood out about phenol and flavonoid content. A second group comprised by 10 varieties had high protein and anthocyanin levels and showed the second highest content of phenols and flavonoids. The diversity of beans obtained in outstanding varieties provides options for biofortification programs based on the consumption or place of origin of each variety.

scholarly journals Combined Analysis of Primary Metabolites and Phenolic Compounds to Authenticate Commercial Monovarietal Peach Purees and Pear Juices

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3289
Author(s):  
Antoni Delpino-Rius ◽  
Jordi Eras ◽  
Ferran Gatius ◽  
Mercè Balcells ◽  
Ramon Canela-Garayoa
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Primary Metabolite ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Photodiode Array

Here we authenticated single-varietal peach purees and pear juices on the basis of primary metabolite and phenolic compound analysis by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Photodiode Array and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-PDA-MS/MS), respectively. After suitable preprocessing, the 1H-NMR and chromatographic data were evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA combining data from primary metabolites and phenolic compounds allowed the separation of the clusters in all cases, allowing discrimination of processed and unprocessed peach purees, both separately and pooled. The PCA of primary metabolites allowed the cluster separation of purees of distinct peach varieties but not between processed and non-processed purees. The PCA of phenolic compounds allowed better cluster separation than of primary metabolites. For pear juices, both PCA approaches allowed satisfactory discrimination of Alejandrina, Conference, and Blanquilla cultivars. These approaches may help to better control cultivar authenticity in fruit products. It could therefore contribute to the development of a process to achieve products characterized by a quality characteristic of a given cultivar.

Contribution of Bioactive Compounds to the Antioxidant Capacity of the Edible Mushroom Neolentinus lepideus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen P. Quintero-Cabello ◽  
Patricia Palafox-Rivera ◽  
Marco A. Lugo-Flores ◽  
Rigoberto Gaitan-Hernandez ◽  
Rigoberto Gaitan-Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Neolentinus Lepideus

Comparative assessment of bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity and nutritional quality of red seaweeds and water spinach

2021 ◽  
pp. 101878
Author(s):  
Md. Solaiman Hossain ◽  
Saad Al-din Sifat ◽  
M. Afzal Hossain ◽  
Sazlina Salleh ◽  
Mofazzal Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Red Seaweeds

scholarly journals The Effects of Bioactive Compounds from Blueberry and Blackcurrant Powder on Oat Bran Pastes: Enhancing In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Raw264.7 Macrophages

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Xiao Dan Hui ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Duo Han ◽  
Xi Gong ◽  
Xi Yang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Oat Bran

In this study, blueberry and blackcurrant powder were chosen as the phenolic-rich enrichments for oat bran. A Rapid Visco Analyser was used to form blueberry and blackcurrant enriched oat pastes. An in vitro digestion process evaluated the changes of phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant potential of extracts of pastes. The anthocyanidin profiles in the extracts were characterised by the pH differential method. The results showed that blueberry and blackcurrant powder significantly increased the content of phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant capacity of pastes, while the total flavonoid content decreased after digestion compared to the undigested samples. Strong correlations between these bioactive compounds and antioxidant values were observed. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were used to investigate the intracellular antioxidant activity of the extracts from the digested oat bran paste with 25% enrichment of blueberry or blackcurrant powder. The results indicated that the extracts of digested pastes prevented the macrophages from experiencing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, mainly by the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway. These findings suggest that the bioactive ingredients from blueberry and blackcurrant powder enhanced the in vitro and intracellular antioxidant capacity of oat bran pastes, and these enriched pastes have the potential to be utilised in the development of the functional foods.

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