scholarly journals AP-64, Encoded by C5orf46, Exhibits Antimicrobial Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Kunhong Zhong ◽  
Yuelong Wang ◽  
Zeng Wang ◽  
Zongliang Zhang ◽  
Shasha Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Sequence Length ◽  
Homologous Gene ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Human T Cell

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are evolutionarily conserved components of the innate immune response, contribute to the first line of defense against microbes in the skin and at mucosal surfaces. Here, we report the identification of a human peptide, encoded by the chromosome 5 open reading frame 46 (C5orf46) gene, as a type of AMP, which we termed antimicrobial peptide with 64 amino acid residues (AP-64). AP-64 is an anionic amphiphilic peptide lacking cysteines (MW = 7.2, PI = 4.54). AP-64 exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli DH5α, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Vibrio cholerae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, AP-64 was efficient in combating Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections in a mouse model and exhibited cytotoxic effects against human T-cell lymphoma Jurkat and B-cell lymphoma Raji cells. We also observed that Gm94, encoded by mouse C5orf46 homologous gene, closely resembles AP-64 in its antibacterial properties. Compared with other human AMPs, AP-64 has distinct characteristics, including a longer sequence length, absence of cysteine residues, a highly anionic character, and cell toxicity. Together, this study identified that AP-64 is an AMP worthy of further investigation.

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF DURIO ZIBETHINUS MURR. LEAVES

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Sridevi Chigurupati ◽  
Jahidul Islam Mohammad ◽  
Shantini Vijayabalan ◽  
Narmatha Devi Vaipuri ◽  
Kesavanarayanan Krishnan Selvarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Durio Zibethinus

Objectives: Current research is aimed to investigate the natural antimicrobial potential of Durio zibethinus murr. ethanol leaves extract (DZL).Methods: DZL was subjected to the preliminary phytochemical screening along with quantitative analysis of phenols and flavonoids. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were recorded. The agar well diffusion method was used to measure the antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The microorganisms used for the study were the ATCC strains of Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.Results: DZL exhibited the highest MIC of 0.1mg/mL and MBC of 0.25 mg/mL against gram negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. At MIC of 0.1mg/mL, DZL displayed significant zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli compared to gentamycin.Conclusion: This research has shown that DZL has natural antibacterial properties against gram negative human pathogens.

Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium based on cell elongation induced by beta-lactam antibiotics

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (15) ◽  
pp. 4505-4512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jia ◽  
Zhaochen Liu ◽  
Chuanchen Wu ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Luyao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Elongation ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Bacteria Detection ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics

A novel Gram-negative bacteria detection method based on cell elongation combined with membrane filtration and magnetic separation was established.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Behavior of Chitosan-Sodium Hyaluronate-PEGDE Crosslinked Films

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1267
Author(s):  
Martha Gabriela Chuc-Gamboa ◽  
Carolina María Cámara Perera ◽  
Fernando Javier Aguilar Ayala ◽  
Rossana Faride Vargas-Coronado ◽  
Juan Valerio Cauich-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Osteoblast Adhesion ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Chitosan is a natural polymer that can sustain not only osteoblast adhesion and proliferation for bone regeneration purposes, but it is also claimed to exhibit antibacterial properties towards several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, chitosan was modified with sodium hyaluronate, crosslinked with polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) and both osteoblast cytotoxicity and antibacterial behavior studied. The presence of sodium hyaluronate and PEGDE on chitosan was detected by FTIR, XRD, and XPS. Chitosan (CHT) films with sodium hyaluronate crosslinked with PEGDE showed a better thermal stability than pristine hyaluronate. In addition, osteoblast cytocompatibility improved in films containing sodium hyaluronate. However, none of the films exhibit antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus while exhibiting low to mild activity against Salmonella typhimurion.

Role of Green Silver Nanoparticles in the Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Anvesha Sinha ◽  
Jayanand Manjhi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Background: The quandary of antimicrobial resistance is rapidly becoming a cause for global concern. Meanwhile, green biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles is being extensively studied for their antibacterial properties. However, in the dearth of appropriate and substantial evidence, the development of Green Silver Nanoparticles (GSNPs) as the antibacterial drug is impeded. Objective: The present study aims at surfacing the mechanism behind the inhibitory actions of GSNPs against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Methods: Silver nanoparticles were fabricated using the peels of Citrus Sinensis and Punica granatum and characterized using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM. The GSNPs were further scrutinized for their antibacterial properties against Gran negative Escherichia coli and grampositive Listeria monocytogenes and confirmed using FC analysis. Further multiple parameters were investigated for deciphering the mechanism of antibacterial action. Results: The results reveal the fabrication of 14-60 nm polydispersed GSNPs having 96% inhibition potential against both the test bacteria. Deposition of GSNPs on the bacterial surface resulting in pit formation in the bacterial cell wall and membrane causing leaking of cellular components and deactivation of bacterial enzymes were observed in the present study. Conclusion: The study proves that contrary to earlier investigations, GSNPs prepared using orange and pomegranate peels are effective against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria and may thus be used for the development of antibacterial therapies, subjected to further investigation.

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Macrophomina phaseolina isolated from gummosis infected citrus reticulata

2013 ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Rubal C Das ◽  
Rajib Banik ◽  
Robiul Hasan Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Golam Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative

Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the pathogenic organisms of gummosis disease of orange tree (Citrus reticulata). The pathogen was identified from the observation of their colony size, shape, colour, mycelium, conidiophore, conidia, hyaline, spore, and appressoria in the PDA culture. The crude chloroform extracts from the organism showed antibacterial activity against a number of Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The crude chloroform extract also showed promising antifungal activity against three species of the genus Aspergillus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude chloroform extract from M. phaseolina against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Shigella sonnie were 128 ?gm, 256 ?gm, 128 ?gm and 64 ?gm/ml respectively. The LD50 (lethal dose) values of the cytotoxicity assay over brine shrimp of the crude chloroform extract from M. phaseolina was found to be 51.79 ?gm/ml. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v5i1.13378 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 5(1 &2):125-133, 2010

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Krishna C. Thandra ◽  
Adam Barsouk ◽  
Kalyan Saginala ◽  
Sandeep Anand Padala ◽  
Alexander Barsouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Breast Implants ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Human Herpes Virus 8 ◽  
Human T Cell

Non-Hodgins’s lymphoma (NHL) is the most common hematological malignancy worldwide, accounting for nearly 3% of cancer diagnoses and deaths. NHL is the seventh most prevalent cancer and has the sixth highest mortality among cancers in the US. NHL accounts for 4% of US cancer diagnoses, and incidence has increased 168% since 1975 (while survival has improved 158%). NHL is more common among men, those >65 years old, and those with autoimmune disease or a family history of hematological malignancies. NHL is a heterogenous disease, with each subtype associated with different risk factors. Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is strongly associated with Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, while peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is most associated with celiac disease. Occupational exposures among farm workers or painters increases the risk of most of the common subtypes. Prior radiation treatment, obesity, and smoking are most highly associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), while breast implants have been rarely associated with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Infection with Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) is strongly associated with endemic Burkitts lymphoma. HIV and human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8), is predisposed to several subtypes of DLBCL, and human T-cell lymphoma virus (HTLV-1) is a causative agent of T-cell lymphomas. Obesity and vitamin D deficiency worsen NHL survival. Atopic diseases and alcohol consumption seem to be protective against NHL.

scholarly journals Proteomic response of Escherichia coli to a membrane lytic and iron chelating truncated Amaranthus tricolor defensin

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa B. Moyer ◽  
Ashleigh L. Purvis ◽  
Andrew J. Wommack ◽  
Leslie M. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor ◽  
Core Motif ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Membrane Lysis

Abstract Background Plant defensins are a broadly distributed family of antimicrobial peptides which have been primarily studied for agriculturally relevant antifungal activity. Recent studies have probed defensins against Gram-negative bacteria revealing evidence for multiple mechanisms of action including membrane lysis and ribosomal inhibition. Herein, a truncated synthetic analog containing the γ-core motif of Amaranthus tricolor DEF2 (Atr-DEF2) reveals Gram-negative antibacterial activity and its mechanism of action is probed via proteomics, outer membrane permeability studies, and iron reduction/chelation assays. Results Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) demonstrated activity against two Gram-negative human bacterial pathogens, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Quantitative proteomics revealed changes in the E. coli proteome in response to treatment of sub-lethal concentrations of the truncated defensin, including bacterial outer membrane (OM) and iron acquisition/processing related proteins. Modification of OM charge is a common response of Gram-negative bacteria to membrane lytic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to reduce electrostatic interactions, and this mechanism of action was confirmed for Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) via an N-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine uptake assay. Additionally, in vitro assays confirmed the capacity of Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) to reduce Fe3+ and chelate Fe2+ at cell culture relevant concentrations, thus limiting the availability of essential enzymatic cofactors. Conclusions This study highlights the utility of plant defensin γ-core motif synthetic analogs for characterization of novel defensin activity. Proteomic changes in E. coli after treatment with Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) supported the hypothesis that membrane lysis is an important component of γ-core motif mediated antibacterial activity but also emphasized that other properties, such as metal sequestration, may contribute to a multifaceted mechanism of action.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document