scholarly journals A Multi-Communication-Based Demand Response Implementation Structure and Control Strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 3218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Hongru Wang ◽  
Lei Zhu ◽  
Xingquan Wu ◽  
Yi Tang
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Terminal Design ◽  
Hardware In Loop ◽  
And Control ◽  
Scale Control ◽  
Multi Agents

Demand response (DR) is widely accepted as a feasible and potential solution to improve the operation of the power system. In this paper, an economical and practical DR system architecture based on internet and Internet of things (IoT) communication technologies is discussed to achieve wide-area DR control without using an expensive metering infrastructure. Multi agents are introduced with respective control strategies to implement multi-time-scale control in a power system. In order to support quick DR strategies, a novel smart terminal design for the proposed DR system is described with functions of local parameter detection and action. The practicality of the proposed system was validated on a developed hardware-in-loop co-simulation platform.

Dynamic Modelling of Wind Farm Grid Interaction

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca D. Hansen ◽  
Poul Sørensen ◽  
Frede Blaabjerg ◽  
John Becho
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Power System Simulation ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Wind Model ◽  
And Control

This paper describes a dynamic model of a wind farm and its nearest utility grid. It is intended to use this model in studies addressing the dynamic interaction between a wind farm and a power system, both during normal operation of the wind farm and during transient grid fault events. The model comprises the substation where the wind farm is connected, the internal power collection system of the wind farm, the electrical, mechanical and aerodynamic models for the wind turbines, and a wind model. The integrated model is built to enable the assessment of power quality and control strategies. It is implemented in the commercial dedicated power system simulation tool DIgSILENT.

scholarly journals Biology and Control of Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) in Southern Forests

EDIS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Joseph Minogue ◽  
Brent V. Brodbeck ◽  
James H. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Hardwood Forests ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
And Control ◽  
Scale Control

Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.) is a Southeast Asian warm-season perennial grass species that has spread to all continents except Antarctica. It is considered among the worst problematic weeds on a global scale. Control of cogongrass is difficult, especially in forests. This 6-page fact sheet written by Patrick J. Minogue, Brent V. Brodbeck, and James H. Miller and published by the UF/IFAS School of Forest Resources and Conservation presents recommendations for control strategies that will work in mixed pine-hardwood forests and pine forests. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr411

scholarly journals Overview of the Load-source Duality Modeling for Demand Side

2021 ◽  
Vol 2095 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
Xueying Wang ◽  
Yawei Xue ◽  
Dong Peng ◽  
Lang Zhao ◽  
Hongyang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Load Response ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Response Modeling ◽  
And Control

Abstract With the increase of load and clean-green energy connect to the power system, big challenges are brought to the traditional control method of generation-follows-load (GFL). Therefore, it is important to study the load-follows-generation (LFG) models which can achieve active demand response by changing the load temporarily to reduce the difference between maximum and minimum load. This paper introduces the concept of LFG and GFL models, summarizes the difference between them and puts forward the concept of load-source duality at first. Then, introduces load response modeling, optimization objectives, constraints, scheduling methods and control methods of six LFG models based on the recent research results in this area. Each model can alleviate the pressure in maintaining stability on the generation side, improving the safety and reliability of the power system. Finally, this paper puts forward the future development trend of LFG models based on the overviews.

scholarly journals The Potential of Utilising Residential Demand Response to Balance the Fluctuation of Wind Power in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hatem I. Alzaanin
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Load Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Direct Load Control ◽  
Residential Demand

<p>The substantial penetration of wind power introduces increased flexibility requirements on the power system and puts increased pressure on the instantaneous reserve levels required. Instantaneous reserves are a security product that ensures that electricity demand can continue to be met in the event of unplanned generation or transmission interruptions. This reserve must be available to respond very quickly to generation-demand variability. While this is an integral component of the power system, providing instantaneous reserve increases the production cost of power. More calls from energy researchers and stakeholders ask for loads to play an increasingly important role in balancing the short timescale fluctuations in generated wind power. The purpose of this study is to assess the current level of demand responsiveness among domestic refrigerators, freezers, and water heaters and their potential to contribute towards instantaneous reserve and balance the fluctuation of wind. Refrigerators, freezers, and water heaters can generally store energy due to their thermal mass. Interrupting these domestic loads for short time by employing direct load control strategies makes it possible to control these appliances by turning them on or off before their reach their maximum or minimum temperatures or by slightly modifying their temperature set point. Using this strategy helps to ensure that the overall satisfaction of consumers should not be affected. This study first modelled the load profiles of the participated residential appliances and statistically assessed the potential of controlling these residential loads using direct load control strategies to contribute towards instantaneous reserves to mitigate and balance the fluctuation of wind power in the years: 2014, 2020 and 2030. In the second section, it demonstrated the capabilities of the assessed residential responsive loads within Wellington Region network to compensate for and balance the fluctuation of wind power generated from the West Wind Farm in seven selected days in 2013-2014 as a showcase. Such technology can enable a power system operator to remove the burden of both providing instantaneous reserve from conventional sources, and instead maintain such capacity from available residential demand response. The study ends with recommendations to engage residential loads in fast timescale demand response and suggests directions for future research.</p>

scholarly journals The Potential of Utilising Residential Demand Response to Balance the Fluctuation of Wind Power in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hatem I. Alzaanin
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Load Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Direct Load Control ◽  
Residential Demand

<p>The substantial penetration of wind power introduces increased flexibility requirements on the power system and puts increased pressure on the instantaneous reserve levels required. Instantaneous reserves are a security product that ensures that electricity demand can continue to be met in the event of unplanned generation or transmission interruptions. This reserve must be available to respond very quickly to generation-demand variability. While this is an integral component of the power system, providing instantaneous reserve increases the production cost of power. More calls from energy researchers and stakeholders ask for loads to play an increasingly important role in balancing the short timescale fluctuations in generated wind power. The purpose of this study is to assess the current level of demand responsiveness among domestic refrigerators, freezers, and water heaters and their potential to contribute towards instantaneous reserve and balance the fluctuation of wind. Refrigerators, freezers, and water heaters can generally store energy due to their thermal mass. Interrupting these domestic loads for short time by employing direct load control strategies makes it possible to control these appliances by turning them on or off before their reach their maximum or minimum temperatures or by slightly modifying their temperature set point. Using this strategy helps to ensure that the overall satisfaction of consumers should not be affected. This study first modelled the load profiles of the participated residential appliances and statistically assessed the potential of controlling these residential loads using direct load control strategies to contribute towards instantaneous reserves to mitigate and balance the fluctuation of wind power in the years: 2014, 2020 and 2030. In the second section, it demonstrated the capabilities of the assessed residential responsive loads within Wellington Region network to compensate for and balance the fluctuation of wind power generated from the West Wind Farm in seven selected days in 2013-2014 as a showcase. Such technology can enable a power system operator to remove the burden of both providing instantaneous reserve from conventional sources, and instead maintain such capacity from available residential demand response. The study ends with recommendations to engage residential loads in fast timescale demand response and suggests directions for future research.</p>

Estimating Demand Response Potential of Buildings Using a Predictive HVAC Model

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Froylan E. Sifuentes ◽  
Taylor Keep
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Variable Air Volume ◽  
Air Volume ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Predictive Controller ◽  
Climate Analysis ◽  
And Control

Increasing penetration of intermittent renewable electricity into the grid, coupled with development of new communication and control strategies, is creating challenges and opportunities for demand response (DR) to balance the grid. This paper presents a model characterization of a controllable buildings Variable Air Volume HVAC (VAV HVAC) system capable of implementing control strategies that provide flexibility to the grid. A Model Predictive Controller (MPC) capable of reliably varying the modeled power by ±20%, or up to ±2 GW on a national scale, every five minutes without compromising occupants comfort was built. A climate analysis was performed in order to assess the availability of controllable resources in sixteen cities. It is found that this control strategy could be implemented up to 99% of the time in the hottest regions, but as low as 10% of the time in the coldest.

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