scholarly journals De-electroadhesion of Flexible and Lightweight Materials: An Experimental Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 2796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongjing Cao ◽  
Xing Gao ◽  
Jianglong Guo ◽  
Andrew Conn
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Assembly Lines ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Robotic Locomotion ◽  
End Effectors ◽  
Object Material ◽  
Component Assembly ◽  
Base Substrate

Electroadhesion (EA) is an emerging prehension method with wide application in robotics, including object handling, component assembly, and robotic locomotion. A major challenge with EA is the development of novel solutions for speeding up the release process, where residual charges inhibit release. In this work, a comprehensive study on the effects of EA base substrate and object material types on de-electroadhesion time is presented. Experimental results show that the de-electroadhesion speed is highly dependent on the base substrate and object material type. There is a strong inverse correlation between dielectric constant and de-electroadhesion rate, while a higher molecular weight demonstrates slower dielectric relaxation and hence release time. These findings will enable the design of cost-effective EA-based robotic end effectors with rapid release capabilities. EA grippers with quicker de-adhesion abilities could significantly improve the overall throughput of assembly lines where material pick-and-place tasks are involved. In addition, more efficient and faster locomotion speeds could be achieved for crawling or climbing robots where EA is employed as their active adhesion and de-adhesion feet.

An overview of Natural Superdisintegrants

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Shushank Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Set Up

The oral route is the most convenient route of administration for various drugs. It is viewed as the most convenient, most secure, and economical route for patients. Fast disintegrating tablets are popular these days as they disintegrate in the mouth within a few seconds without the use of water. The burdens of regularly used medications in pediatric and geriatric patients have been overwhelmed by quick-dissolving tablets. Natural superdisintegrants have been used for fast-dissolving tablets because they are biodegradable, chemically inert, non-harmful, more affordable, and generally accessible. Natural polymer improves the properties of the tablet as it is commonly used as diluents and binders. Natural super disintegrants decrease the release time and give healthful results to the patients. Most polymers are obtained from nature, they are cost-effective, non-toxic, and non-irritants. Disintegration is the most important step for releasing the drug from the tablet matrix to decrease the disintegration time. In this, drug and polymers come in contact with water, it swells, hydrate, and react chemically to release the drug in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract. Superdisintegrants are those substances that encourage the quick breaking down with a lesser amount contrasted with disintegrants. The quick disintegrants tablets are set up by utilizing suitable polymers which rely on the Physico-chemical properties of drugs and excipients, for example, drug and polymer compatibility, hardness and thickness of tablet, nature of drug and excipients, PH of drug and release parameters of drug formulation. Superdisintegrants are the vehicles added to tablet formulation to advance the breaking of tablets and capsules into small microparticles in aqueous media resulting in to increase in the surface area and promote quick drug release. The disintegrants have a significant capacity to oppose the efficacy of tablet binders and compression forces to form the tablet. Commonly there are three methods to incorporate disintegrants into the tablet: A. Inner addition, B. External expansion, C. Internal, and external addition. Most of the regularly based tablets are those expected to be swallow, disintegrate and release medicaments in the gastrointestinal tract but over a while tablets are manufactured to deliver medicaments in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract within few seconds of swallowing. It has been demonstrated that characteristic polymers are more effective than synthetic polymers. Some research is going to develop safe and effective medication with super disintegrating agents that can be dissolved rapidly to treat the disease.

2015 Onshore Petroleum Acreage Release

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Louise Goldie Divko
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Tight Gas ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Land Access ◽  
Work Program ◽  
Australian State ◽  
Gas Tight

Australian state and territory acreage opportunities and recent activities are summarised in this paper. Exploration opportunities continue to exist for petroleum explorers in onshore basins, including a number of sedimentary basins that have previously largely been overlooked, with an increased focus (and commercial success) on basin centred gas, tight gas and shale gas plays. Access to onshore acreage in Australia for petroleum exploration is, in most jurisdictions, by means of a formal release process with a work program bidding system. Over-the-counter applications are available in some states based on perceived basin prospectivity. Australian state and territory governments continue initiatives to encourage exploration to realise their natural resource endowments. This includes pre-competitive basin studies, cost-effective and speedy provision of digital exploration data, transparent regulatory regimes, provision of effective land access regimes, internationally competitive royalty regimes, and promotion of acreage releases nationally and internationally.

scholarly journals Silver ion release from Ag/PET hollow fibers: Mathematical model and its application to food packing

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 155892502093544
Author(s):  
Ling Lin ◽  
Shao-Wen Yao ◽  
Huigai Li
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Predator Prey Model

A food packing system requires an antimicrobial environment with high air permeability to guarantee absolutely both food safety and long and reliable durability. A hollow fiber membrane containing silver ions is the best candidate for this purpose. However, a safe and controllable release process has become a pressing issue in the practical application. Here, we use the predator–prey model to predict the antimicrobial activity of silver ions released from a hollow fiber, and Staphylococcus aureus was applied to the antibacterial experiment. Both theoretical and experimental results show that there are an optimal concentration of the silver ions and an optimal release time. This article sheds a bright light on the design of a new kind of food packing systems using the hollow fiber membrane.

Planning models for continuous supply of parts in assembly systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio C. Caputo ◽  
Pacifico M. Pelagagge ◽  
Paolo Salini
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Total System ◽  
Assembly Lines ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Setting ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Planning Models ◽  
Early Decision ◽  
Continuous Material

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop analytical planning models to compare just-in-time (JIT) delivery and line storage (LS) alternatives for a continuous supply of materials to assembly lines. Design/methodology/approach – A mathematical model is developed to size resources and to determine total system costs. Findings – The choice of assembly lines feeding policy requires a thorough economic comparison of alternatives. However, the existing models are often simplistic, neglecting many critical factors which affect the systems’ performances. As a consequence, industries are unsure about which system is best for their environment. This model allows to compare the cost and suitability of two major continuous-supply alternatives in any specific industrial setting. Results of the model application are case-specific and cannot be generalized. Research limitations/implications – The model is aimed at single-model assembly lines operating in a deterministic environment. Although relevant quantitative cost drivers are included, some context-related qualitative factors are not yet included. The model assumes that the information about product structure and part requirements is known and that a preliminary design of the assembly system has been carried out. Practical implications – Production managers are given a quantitative decision tool to properly assess the implementation of continuous material supply policies at an early decision stage, and determine which option is the best, also allowing to explore trade-offs between the alternatives. Originality/value – With respect to previous simplified literature models, this new approach allows to quantify a number of additional factors which are critical for the successful implementation of cost-effective continuous-supply systems, including error costs. No other direct comparison of LS and JIT is available in the literature.

scholarly journals THE MANAGEMENT OF PROCESS LEAD TIME IN THE RELEASE OF STERILE PHARMACEUTICAL BATCHES: A CASE STUDY OF OPTIMIZATION IN AN OFFICIAL BRAZILIAN PHARMACEUTICAL LABORATORY

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Maria Tereza de Sousa Silva ◽  
Edison Nunes da Silva Junior ◽  
Jorge Magalhães ◽  
Vanessa da Silveira dos Santos Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Quality Program ◽  
Batch Release ◽  
Fmea Method

Medicines must comply with quality, safety, and efficacy pillars. Nowadays, organizations seek to incorporate new management models encouraged by quality program following the world trend regarding the technological revolution. The present research aims to improve the sterile pharmaceutical product batches release process, using the Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEA) method. This study addresses the gap in literature on quality risk management during batch release. The methodology uses a form adapted to the process in order to systematize the information, improving its comparison and analysis, thus estimating, the identification of potential failure modes and their effects on their performance. Made it possible to assign values for the severity, occurrence, and failure modes detection, to then determine the risk level and the priority of risk level. The results obtained showed the mitigation and elimination of failures in the process, as well as opportunities for improvement and causes of failures identification, improvement in the process performance indicators, greater reliability, and reduction in batch release time. Keywords: good manufacturing practices pharmaceutical industry, risk management, risk management tools

scholarly journals Preparation of Long-Term Antibacterial SiO2-Cinnamaldehyde Microcapsule via Sol-Gel Approach as a Functional Additive for PBAT Film

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 897
Author(s):  
Yangfan Xu ◽  
Chongxing Huang ◽  
Xiujie Dang ◽  
Muhammad Rafiullah Khan ◽  
Haohe Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Release Process

The mesoporous silica wall materials can achieve controlled load and sustained-release of active agents. An antimicrobial nanoscale silica microcapsule containing cinnamaldehyde (CA) was prepared by the sol-gel method and applied in poly (butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) film. The surface morphology, physical and chemical properties, and antibacterial properties of microcapsules and films were studied. The effects of different temperatures and humidities on the release behavior of microcapsules were also evaluated. Results showed that CA was successfully encapsulated in silica microcapsule which had a diameter of 450–700 nm. The antibacterial CA agent had a long-lasting release time under lower temperature and relative humidity (RH) environment. At low temperature (4 °C), the microcapsules released CA 32.35% in the first 18 h, and then slowly released to 56.08% in 216 h; however, the microcapsules released more than 70% in 18 h at 40 °C. At low humidity (50%RH), the release rates of microcapsules at the 18th h and 9th d were 43.04% and 78.01%, respectively, while it reached to equilibrium state at 72 h under 90% RH. The sustained release process of CA in SiO2-CA microcapsules follows a first-order kinetic model. Physicochemical properties of PBAT films loaded with different amounts of microcapsules were also characterized. Results showed that the tensile strength and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of the composite film containing 2.5% microcapsules were increased by 26.98% and 14.61%, respectively, compared to the raw film, while the light transmittance was slightly reduced. The crystallinity of the film was improved and can be kept stable up to 384.1 °C. Furthermore, microcapsules and composite film both exhibited distinctive antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. Therefore, SiO2-CA microcapsules and composite films could be a promising material for the active packaging.

A review: An overview of Natural Superdisintegrants

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Shushank Sharma ◽  
Sikha Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Set Up

The oral route is the most convenient route of administration for various drugs. It is viewed as the most convenient, most secure, and economical route for patients. Fast disintegrating tablets are popular these days as they disintegrate in the mouth within a few seconds without the use of water. The burdens of regularly used medications in pediatric and geriatric patients have been overwhelmed by quick-dissolving tablets. Natural superdisintegrants have been used for fast-dissolving tablets because they are biodegradable, chemically inert, non-harmful, more affordable, and generally accessible. Natural polymer improves the properties of the tablet as it is commonly used as diluents and binders. Natural super disintegrants decrease the release time and give healthful results to the patients. Most polymers are obtained from nature, they are cost-effective, non-toxic, and non-irritants. Disintegration is the most important step for releasing the drug from the tablet matrix to decrease the disintegration time. In this, drug and polymers come in contact with water, it swells, hydrate, and react chemically to release the drug in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract. Superdisintegrants are those substances that encourage the quick breaking down with a lesser amount contrasted with disintegrants. The quick disintegrants tablets are set up by utilizing suitable polymers which rely on the Physico-Chemical properties of drugs and excipients, for example, drug and polymer compatibility, hardness and thickness of tablet, nature of drug and excipients, PH of drug and release parameters of drug formulation. Superdisintegrants are the vehicles added to tablet formulation to advance the breaking of tablets and capsules into small microparticles in aqueous media resulting in to increase in the surface area and promote quick drug release. The disintegrants have a significant capacity to oppose the efficacy of tablet binders and compression forces to form the tablet. Commonly there are three methods to incorporate disintegrants into the tablet: A. Inner addition, B. External expansion, C. Internal, and external addition. Most of the regularly based tablets are those expected to be swallow, disintegrate and release medicaments in the gastrointestinal tract but over a while tablets are manufactured to deliver medicaments in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract within few seconds of swallowing. It has been demonstrated that characteristic polymers are more effective than synthetic polymers. Some research is going to develop safe and effective medication with super disintegrating agents that can be dissolved rapidly to treat the disease.

Application of the Work Study to Balancing Hydraulic Component Assembly Lines

2012 ◽  
Vol 452-453 ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Li Li ◽  
Chun Lei Song ◽  
Li Sha Han
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Assembly Line ◽  
Line Balancing ◽  
Work Study ◽  
Assembly Lines ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Work Content ◽  
Work Measurement ◽  
Bottle Neck ◽  
Component Assembly

This paper applies the methods of Work Study to a certain hydraulic component company. We apply the work measurement method to measure the work time of various stations of assembly lines, and to find out both the bottle neck stations and the superfluous capability stations effecting on the line assembly capability. Basing on the principle of ECRS (Eliminate, Combine, Rearrange, Simple) and the line balancing theory, this paper provides the line balancing schema, including the improvement of the existing equipment, the reallocation of the work content for relative stations, the adjustment of the equipment and workers of some stations, the reduction of machine working time of some stations and the change of assembly line layout etc. After being improved, the work time of the bottle neck and other processes are controlled near the Taking Time. Comparing with the former assembly line, the production capability of assembly line improved up 45.6% and workshop condition is also improved.

Robust Motion Generation for Vision-Guided Robot Bin-Picking

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Leonard ◽  
Ambrose Chan ◽  
Elizabeth Croft ◽  
James J. Little
Keyword(s):  
Visual Servoing ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Object Localization ◽  
Assembly Lines ◽  
Motion Generation ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Bin Picking ◽  
Modern Manufacturing

This paper discusses work towards a vision-based solution to the problem of robot bin-picking. The problem of robot bin-picking is defined as searching for and recognizing a part among many lying jumbled in a bin such that the robot is able to grasp and manipulate the part. Despite decades of research in vision, robotics, and manufacturing, this problem remains open. Currently, in modern manufacturing, this seemingly simple task is performed by complex assembly lines or manual labor. The amount of efforts and costs associated with the current solutions to bin-picking is a testament to the importance of a new solution. The main objective of this research is a reliable and cost effective automated solution to the bin-picking problem encountered in manufacturing. As a broader contribution, this research also provides a robust visual servoing method that enables safe interactions between a robot and its environment. Our system uses visual feedback to generate tasks autonomously and to control the interaction of the manipulator with its environment. First, our system relies on robust vision-based object localization to generate three-dimensional pose hypotheses for each identified part. Then, the hypotheses are filtered according to the feasibility of their picking configuration. Finally, a trajectory is generated for a picking position. In this paper, we consider the specifications of the trajectory ensure that collisions with the bin and joints limits are avoided, while servoing the robot to the part. To ensure the reliability of the system, the procedure is tested in a simulation before being executed by a manipulator. Our experiments target the automotive industry and involve real engine parts a typical industrial robot and metal bin.

A decision model for selecting parts feeding policies in assembly lines

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 974-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio C. Caputo ◽  
Pacifico M. Pelagagge ◽  
Paolo Salini
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Assembly Lines ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Optimal Mix ◽  
Consistent Basis ◽  
Early Decision ◽  
Optimal Material ◽  
Parts Feeding

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an optimization model allowing the choice of parts feeding policy to assembly lines in order to minimize total cost. Design/methodology/approach – An integer linear programming mathematical model is developed to assign the optimal material feeding policy to each part type. The model allows choice between kitting, line stocking and just in time delivery policies. Findings – The choice of assembly lines feeding policy is not trivial and requires a thorough economic comparison of alternatives. It is found that a proper mix of parts feeding policies may be better that adopting a single material delivery policy for all parts. Research limitations/implications – The model is aimed at single-model assembly lines operating in a deterministic environment, but can be extended to the multi-model line case. While relevant quantitative cost drivers are included, some context-related qualitative factors are not included yet. The model assumes that information about product structure and part requirements are known and that a preliminary design of the assembly system has been carried out. Practical implications – Production managers are given a quantitative-decision tool to determine the optimal mix of material supply policies at an early decision stage. Originality/value – Respect previous simplified literature models, this approach allows to quantify a number of additional factors which are critical for successful implementation of cost-effective parts feeding systems, allowing comparison of alternative policies on a consistent basis.

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