scholarly journals Explanation of Osteoblastic Differentiation of Stem Cells by Photo Biomodulation Using the Resonant Recognition Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Cosic ◽  
Vasilis Paspaliaris ◽  
Drasko Cosic
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽  
Recognition Model ◽  
Resonant Recognition Model ◽  
Infra Red

Differentiation of stem cells into different tissues is a promising approach to treat a large number of diseases, as well as for tissue transplantation and repair. It has been shown that parathyroid hormone, similarly to stromal self-derived factor, and the radiation of specific electromagnetic frequencies of blue and green light, can encourage stem cell differentiation into osteoblasts. Here, we analysed parathyroid hormone, its receptor and stromal self-derived factor using the Resonant Recognition Model, which proposes that protein function is based on specific frequencies of electromagnetic radiation within ultra-violet, visible, infra-red and far infra-red light. The purpose of this research is to predict the characteristic frequencies related to parathyroid hormone activities, particularly differentiation of stem cells into osteoblasts. We have found that the most effective wavelength for stem cell differentiation would be 502 nm, which is between 420 nm and 540 nm, already experimentally proven to be effective in stimulating osteoblast differentiation. Thus, we propose that wavelength radiation of 502 nm will be even more efficient for differentiation of stem cells into osteoblasts.

scholarly journals DYRK1A Negatively Regulates CDK5-SOX2 Pathway and Self-Renewal of Glioblastoma Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4011
Author(s):  
Brianna Chen ◽  
Dylan McCuaig-Walton ◽  
Sean Tan ◽  
Andrew P. Montgomery ◽  
Bryan W. Day ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cell ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Glioblastoma Stem Cells ◽  
Glioblastoma Stem Cell

Glioblastoma display vast cellular heterogeneity, with glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) at the apex. The critical role of GSCs in tumour growth and resistance to therapy highlights the need to delineate mechanisms that control stemness and differentiation potential of GSC. Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) regulates neural progenitor cell differentiation, but its role in cancer stem cell differentiation is largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that DYRK1A kinase is crucial for the differentiation commitment of glioblastoma stem cells. DYRK1A inhibition insulates the self-renewing population of GSCs from potent differentiation-inducing signals. Mechanistically, we show that DYRK1A promotes differentiation and limits stemness acquisition via deactivation of CDK5, an unconventional kinase recently described as an oncogene. DYRK1A-dependent inactivation of CDK5 results in decreased expression of the stemness gene SOX2 and promotes the commitment of GSC to differentiate. Our investigations of the novel DYRK1A-CDK5-SOX2 pathway provide further insights into the mechanisms underlying glioblastoma stem cell maintenance.

scholarly journals Nuclear Export of Smads by RanBP3L Regulates Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1700-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenfang Chen ◽  
Xia Lin ◽  
Pinglong Xu ◽  
Zhengmao Zhang ◽  
Yanzhen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Nuclear Export ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play vital roles in regulating stem cell maintenance and differentiation. BMPs can induce osteogenesis and inhibit myogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. Canonical BMP signaling is stringently controlled through reversible phosphorylation and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Smad1, Smad5, and Smad8 (Smad1/5/8). However, how the nuclear export of Smad1/5/8 is regulated remains unclear. Here we report that the Ran-binding protein RanBP3L acts as a nuclear export factor for Smad1/5/8. RanBP3L directly recognizes dephosphorylated Smad1/5/8 and mediates their nuclear export in a Ran-dependent manner. Increased expression of RanBP3L blocks BMP-induced osteogenesis of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and promotes myogenic induction of C2C12 mouse myoblasts, whereas depletion of RanBP3L expression enhances BMP-dependent stem cell differentiation activity and transcriptional responses. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that RanBP3L, as a nuclear exporter for BMP-specific Smads, plays a critical role in terminating BMP signaling and regulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.

Magnetic field assisted stem cell differentiation – role of substrate magnetization in osteogenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (16) ◽  
pp. 3150-3168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Boda ◽  
Greeshma Thrivikraman ◽  
Bikramjit Basu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation

Substrate magnetization as a tool for modulating the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells for bone tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Induction of Cancerous Stem Cells during Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation

2012 ◽  
Vol 287 (44) ◽  
pp. 36777-36791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Fujimori ◽  
Mima Shikanai ◽  
Hirobumi Teraoka ◽  
Mitsuko Masutani ◽  
Ken-ichi Yoshioka
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation

scholarly journals Stem Cell Differentiation is Regulated by Extracellular Matrix Mechanics

Physiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas R. Smith ◽  
Sangkyun Cho ◽  
Dennis E. Discher
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cytoskeletal Reorganization ◽  
Tissue Hydration ◽  
Matrix Mechanics

Stem cells mechanosense the stiffness of their microenvironment, which impacts differentiation. Although tissue hydration anti-correlates with stiffness, extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness is clearly transduced into gene expression via adhesion and cytoskeleton proteins that tune fates. Cytoskeletal reorganization of ECM can create heterogeneity and influence fates, with fibrosis being one extreme.

Identification of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation state using dual-micropore microfluidic impedance flow cytometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (41) ◽  
pp. 7437-7444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjun Song ◽  
Jenna M. Rosano ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Charles J. Garson ◽  
Balabhaskar Prabhakarpandian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation

A dual-micropore-based microfluidic electrical impedance flow cytometer for non-invasive identification of the differentiation state of mesenchymal stem cells.

TiO2Nanorod Array Constructed Nanotopography for Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Fate and the Realization of Location-Committed Stem Cell Differentiation

Small ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 1770-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jichuan Qiu ◽  
Jianhua Li ◽  
Shu Wang ◽  
Baojin Ma ◽  
Shan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation
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