scholarly journals Artificial Circulatory Model for Analysis of Human and Artificial Vessels

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Polanczyk ◽  
Markus Klinger ◽  
Josif Nanobachvili ◽  
Ihor Huk ◽  
Christoph Neumayer
Keyword(s):  
Circulatory Model

Blood money: Harvey'sDe motu cordis(1628) as an exercise in accounting

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL J. NEUSS
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Epistemic Value ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Royal Court ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Circulatory Model ◽  
Blood Money ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge ◽  
De Motu Cordis

AbstractWilliam Harvey's famous quantitative argument fromDe motu cordis(1628) about the circulation of blood explained how a small amount of blood could recirculate and nourish the entire body, upending the Galenic conception of the blood's motion. This paper argues that the quantitative argument drew on the calculative and rhetorical skills of merchants, including Harvey's own brothers. Modern translations ofDe motu cordisobscure the language of accountancy that Harvey himself used. Like a merchant accounting for credits and debits, intake and output, goods and moneys, Harvey treated venous and arterial blood as essentially commensurate, quantifiable and fungible. For Harvey, the circulation (and recirculation) of blood was an arithmetical necessity. The development of Harvey's circulatory model followed shifts in the epistemic value of mercantile forms of knowledge, including accounting and arithmetic, also drawing on an Aristotelian language of reciprocity and balance that Harvey shared with mercantile advisers to the royal court. This paper places Harvey's calculations in a previously underappreciated context of economic crisis, whose debates focused largely on questions of circulation.

Sample site selection for tracer studies applying a unidirectional circulatory approach

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
pp. E173-E178 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Layman ◽  
R. R. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tracer Studies ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Circulatory Model ◽  
Plasma Leucine ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The optimal arterial or venous sites for infusion and sampling during isotopic tracer studies have not been established. This study determined the relationship of plasma and tissue enrichment (E) when isotopes were infused in an artery and sampled from a vein (av mode) or infused in a vein and sampled from an artery (va mode). Adult dogs were given primed constant infusions of [3-13C]lactate, [1-13C]leucine, and 14C-labeled bicarbonate. Simultaneous samples were drawn from the vena cava, aortic arch, and breath. Tissue samples were removed from skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, and gut. Breath samples were analyzed for 14CO2 by liquid scintillation counting and plasma isotopic enrichments of [13C]lactate, [13C]leucine, and alpha-[13C]ketoisocaproate (KIC) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. By using the va mode, the plasma E for lactate and leucine were 30-40% above tissue E. The av mode provided an accurate reflection of tissue E for lactate, which equilibrates rapidly with tissues, and a reasonable estimate for leucine, which exchanges more slowly. The isotopic enrichment of plasma KIC more directly reflected tissue leucine E than did plasma leucine E, and KIC enrichment was insensitive to sampling site. We also evaluated theoretically a circulatory model that predicts venous isotopic enrichments when the va mode is used. We conclude that the av mode is optimal but that the problems arising from use of the va mode can be overcome by use of a metabolic product (i.e., KIC) or by calculation of venous specific activity with our circulatory mode.

Circulatory model studies of external cardiac assist by counterpulsation

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 443-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M LUEPTOW ◽  
J M. KARLEN ◽  
R. D KAMM ◽  
A. H SHAPIRO
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Assist ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Circulatory Model
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