scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Demineralizing Effects of Various Acidic Solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8270
Author(s):  
Agnes Kolumban (Szekely) ◽  
Marioara Moldovan ◽  
Ioan Andrei Țig ◽  
Ioana Chifor ◽  
Stanca Cuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Color Change ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Total Color Change ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Natural Way

The purpose of this study was to evaluate which of the techniques and acids included in this in vitro research can induce artificial caries lesions in the most natural way. White spot lesions were created using six different demineralizing solutions in liquid form (lactic acid; orthophosphoric acid; formic acid; and an acid solution that contains calcium chloride, sodium phosphate and acetic acid) and gel form (hydrochloric acid and orthophosphoric acid). Radiographs, photographs and readings with a DIAGNODent™ pen, VITA Easyshade and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were made in the initial situation, after 30 min, 1 h, 24 h and 96 h of demineralization. The total color change (ΔE) values in most cases presented statistically significant differences. SEM images showed different aspects of the enamel surface for each type of acid. Only in the case of exposed dentine did the DIAGNODent™ pen record significant differences. There was no noticeable radio-translucency of the teeth treated for a short period of time, but after 24 h, the absence of enamel and major demineralization of dentine were visible. Acids in the liquid state can penetrate and demineralize dental structures deeper than those that are more viscous. This study should be repeated with a protocol that includes remineralization. Using weaker acids would be another direction that could lead to more interesting findings.

scholarly journals In vitro Caries-Preventive Effect of Fluoridated Orthodontic Resins against Cariogenic Challenge Stimulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhushan Arun Jawale ◽  
Neeraj Patil ◽  
Rahul Redasani ◽  
Lalit Chaudhari ◽  
JB Garde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesion ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Preventive Methods ◽  
Caries Lesions

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro caries preventive effect of fluoridated orthodontic resins under pH cycling with two types of acid demineralizing saliva. Materials and methods Brackets were bonded to 120 extracted human premolars, using Rely-a-bond (n = 40), Tru- Bond (n = 40) and Ortho-one (n = 40) orthodontic bonding agents. Each group of resin was divided into 2 subgroups (n = 20): immersion in remineralizing artificial saliva for 14 days and acid saliva with pH 4.3. After 14 days of pH cycling the caries preventive effect on the development of white spot lesion was evaluated considering the presence of inhibition zones to white spot lesions using two scores: 0 = absence and 1 = presence. Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U tests were used. Results Formation of white spot lesions was observed only under pH cycling using acid saliva with pH 4.3; with Rely-a-bond and Tru-Bond being significantly more effective in preventing the appearance of white spot lesions effect than Ortho-one. Conclusion The acidity of the demineralizing solution influenced the formation of white spot lesions around orthodontic brackets under highly cariogenic conditions. Rely-a-bond and Tru-bond presented higher caries-preventive effect than Orthoone. Clinical significance The development of fluoride-containing materials cannot be regarded as a permanent means to control dental caries lesions, but a complement along with other preventive methods. How to cite this article Patil N, Jawale B, Redasani R, Chaudhari L, Garde JB, Chauhan VS. In vitro Caries-Preventive Effect of Fluoridated Orthodontic Resins against Cariogenic Challenge Stimulation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):452-455.

scholarly journals Preventive effect of fluoridated orthodontic resins subjected to high cariogenic challenges

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Passalini ◽  
Tatiana Kelly da Silva Fidalgo ◽  
Erika Machado Caldeira ◽  
Rogerio Gleiser ◽  
Matilde da Cunha Gonçalves Nojima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesion ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Inhibition Zones

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro caries preventive effect of fluoridated orthodontic resins under pH cycling with two types of acid demineralizing saliva. Brackets were bonded to 60 bovine incisors, using either Transbond Plus Color Change (n=30) or Orthodontic Fill Magic (n=30) orthodontic resins. Each group of resin was divided into 3 subgroups (n=10): immersion in remineralizing artificial saliva for 14 days, pH cycling with high cariogenic challenge in acid saliva with pH 5.5, and acid saliva with pH 4.5. After 14 days of pH cycling, the caries preventive effect on the development of white spot lesion was evaluated considering the presence of inhibition zones to white spot lesions using two scores: 0= absence and 1= presence. Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (a=0.05) were used. Formation of white spot lesions was observed only under pH cycling using acid saliva with pH 4.5; with Transbond Plus Color Change being significantly more effective (p<0.05) in preventing the appearance of white spot lesions effect than Orthodontic Fill Magic. The acidity of the demineralizing solution influenced the formation of white spot lesions around orthodontic brackets under highly cariogenic conditions. Transbond Plus Color Change resin presented higher caries preventive effect than Orthodontic Fill Magic.

scholarly journals Resin Infiltration of Fissure Caries with Various Techniques of Pretreatment in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Lausch ◽  
Sebastian Paris ◽  
Timo Selje ◽  
Christof E. Dörfer ◽  
Hendrik Meyer-Lueckel
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Occlusal Caries ◽  
Resin Infiltration ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Infiltration Technique ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Caries Lesions

The resin infiltration technique might be used for occlusal caries lesions in order to arrest their progression. This in vitro study evaluated the influence of various modifications of the infiltration technique on the penetration abilities of the infiltrant into occlusal lesions. Extracted human molars and premolars (n = 140) with non-cavitated white spot lesions were randomly allocated to 7 groups. As control, specimens were etched with 15% hydrochloric acid (HCl) gel for 120 s and resin infiltrated for 180 s (Icon; DMG). As modification HCl gel reduced in surface tension and viscosity with and without abrasives was applied using 3 different types of brushes either to oscillate or rub the HCl gel onto the enamel surface. The median maximum lesion depth was 1,232 µm (interquartile range 882-1,513). Compared with the control procedure [23% (16/50)] a higher percentage penetration was observed if the HCl gel was mixed with a small amount of abrasives were rubbed into the fissures using a modified brush with stiff bristles that were adjusted to the fissure relief for either 120 s [100% (64/100)] or 30 s [98% (61/100); p < 0.05; Mann-Whitney test]. All other experimental treatments resulted in penetration results in-between. It can be concluded that the use of an abrasive HCl gel in conjunction with a modified brush mostly enhances resin infiltration into fissure caries lesions. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

scholarly journals Evaluation of color changes of white spot lesions treated with three different treatment approaches: an in-vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Shaza M. Hammad ◽  
Noha A. El-Wassefy ◽  
Mohamed A. Alsayed
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Icon Resin Infiltrant

ABSTRACT Objective: To qualitatively and quantitatively assess the color changes effect and the color stability of the resin infiltrant on white spot lesions (WSLs), in comparison with nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) toothpaste and microabrasion. Methods: WSLs were artificially created on sixty human premolars enamel surfaces and randomly assigned to equal four groups (n = 15 each): nano-HA toothpaste, microabrasion (Opalusture), resin infiltrant (Icon) treatment, or artificial saliva (control group). The color change (ΔE) of each specimen was measured by dental spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade) at different time points: baseline, after WSLs’ creation, after application of treatments, one month, three and six months after treatments application. Results: The ΔE value did not differ significantly for the four groups at baseline measurement before treatment (p> 0.05). Icon resin infiltrant improved the color of WSLs significantly immediately after its application, giving the lowest ΔE value (3.00 ± 0.59), when compared to other treatments (p< 0.001). There were no significant changes in ΔE (p> 0.05) for all groups during the follow up intervals (one month, three and six months after treatments application). Conclusion: Resin infiltrant can improve the color of WSLs and restore the natural appearance of enamel better than nano-HA toothpaste and microabrasion.

scholarly journals Effect of Tea on Color Stability of Enamel Lesions Treated with Resin Infiltrant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoureh Emami Arjomand ◽  
Maryam Hoorizad Ganjkar ◽  
Roshanak Ghamari
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Way Anova

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of tea on color stability of enamel lesions treated with resin infiltrant (RI). Materials and Methods: This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 30 extracted human third molars with no caries, cracks, or enamel defects. Enamel-dentin samples measuring 5 x 5 x 3 mm were prepared from the buccal surfaces of the teeth by a microtome. The samples were divided into three groups of 10 namely sound enamel, demineralized enamel, and demineralized enamel plus RI. White spot lesions (WSLs) were artificially created by immersing the samples in hydroxyethyl cellulose demineralizing gel with a pH of 4.5 for 4 days. Next, Icon RI was applied on the samples in group 3. The baseline color of the samples was measured using a spectrophotometer. They were immersed in tea solution 3 times a day, each time for 15 min, for a period of 2 weeks and then underwent colorimetry again. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The maximum color change (∆E) was noted in demineralized enamel plus RI group (38.59±6.13) with significant differences with sound enamel (20.00±2.94) and demineralized enamel (25.27±7.47) groups (P<0.05). The difference between the latter two groups was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the results showed that tea solution caused clinically unacceptable color change in all groups. However, the color stability of WSLs treated with RI was significantly lower than other groups following immersion in tea solution.

Significance of In-Vitro and In-Vivo Correlation in Drug Delivery System

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-531
Author(s):  
Hina Mumtaz ◽  
Muhammad Asim Farooq ◽  
Zainab Batool ◽  
Anam Ahsan ◽  
Ashikujaman Syed
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Form ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Form ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Form Development

The main purpose of development pharmaceutical dosage form is to find out the in vivo and in vitro behavior of dosage form. This challenge is overcome by implementation of in-vivo and in-vitro correlation. Application of this technique is economical and time saving in dosage form development. It shortens the period of development dosage form as well as improves product quality. IVIVC reduce the experimental study on human because IVIVC involves the in vivo relevant media utilization in vitro specifications. The key goal of IVIVC is to serve as alternate for in vivo bioavailability studies and serve as justification for bio waivers. IVIVC follows the specifications and relevant quality control parameters that lead to improvement in pharmaceutical dosage form development in short period of time. Recently in-vivo in-vitro correlation (IVIVC) has found application to predict the pharmacokinetic behaviour of pharmaceutical preparations. It has emerged as a reliable tool to find the mode of absorption of several dosage forms. It is used to correlate the in-vitro dissolution with in vivo pharmacokinetic profile. IVIVC made use to predict the bioavailability of the drug of particular dosage form. IVIVC is satisfactory for the therapeutic release profile specifications of the formulation. IVIVC model has capability to predict plasma drug concentration from in vitro dissolution media.

An In Vitro Analysis of Sodium Hypochlorite Decontamination for the Reuse of Implant Healing Abutments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Almehmadi
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguis ◽  
Implant Dentistry ◽  
Vitro Analysis

Abstract The re-use of healing abutments (HAs) has become common practice in implant dentistry for economic concerns and the aim of this in-vitro study was to assess the effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in decontamination of HAs. 122 HAs (Used and sterilized n=107; New n=15) were procured from 3 centers, of which 3 samples were discarded due to perforation in sterilization pouch.  For sterility assessment, the used HAs (n=80) were cultured in Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI) and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), bacterial isolates were identified in 7 samples. Also, 24 used HAs were stained with Phloxine B, photographed and compared to new HAs (n=5). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) assessed the differences between the two sets of HAs, following which the 7 contaminated HAs along with 24 used HAs from staining experiment (Total=31) were subsequently treated with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and SEM images were observed. About 8.75% of HAs tested positive in bacterial culture; Streptococcus sanguis, Dermabacter hominis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and Aspergillus species were isolated. Phloxine B staining was positive for used and sterilized HAs when compared to controls. The SEM images revealed deposits in the used HAs and although treatment with NaOCl eliminated the contamination of cultured HAs, the SEM showed visible debris in the HA thread region. This in-vitro study concluded that SEM images showed debris in used HAs at screw-hole and thread regions even though they tested negative in bacterial culture. The treatment with NaOCl of used HAs showed no bacterial contamination but the debris was observed in SEM images. Future studies on the chemical composition, biological implications, and clinical influence is warranted before considering the reuse of HAs.

Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Rauvolfia Serpentina (L.) Benth Ex. Kurz.

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswoti Aryal ◽  
Sanu Devi Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Coconut Milk ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Rauvolfia Serpentina ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Callus Tissue Culture

Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) ex. Kurz is an important medicinal plant. Callus induction and regeneration was studied from stem explant of in-vitro grown plant of Rauvolfia serpentina(L.) Benth. ex Kurz (Apocynaceae) on Murashige Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 1mg/l 2,4-Dichlorophenocy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 1mg/l Kinetin (Kn). Vigorous growth of callus occurs after 4 weeks of culture. Callus was sub-cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentration of 2, 4-D (0.5-3.0 mg/l) and 10% coconut milk. Regeneration of plantlets occurred on MS medium containing 3 mg/1 of 2, 4-D and 10% coconut milk. These plantlets were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l IAA .The regenerated plantlets were able to grow on soil after short period ofacclimatization. Key words: Explant; In-vitro culture; MS medium;  2, 4 Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid; Kinetin; Callus; Tissue culture; Coconut milk. Journal of Natural History Museum Vol. 24, 2009 Page: 82-88

The Development of Pemetrexed Diacid-Loaded Gelatin-Cloisite 30B (MMT) Nanocomposite for Improved Oral Efficacy Against Cancer: Characterization, In-Vitro and Ex-Vivo Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-256
Author(s):  
Kriti Soni ◽  
Ali Mujtaba ◽  
Md. Habban Akhter ◽  
Kanchan Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Cloisite 30B ◽  
Ft Ir

Aim: The intention of this investigation was to develop Pemetrexed Diacid (PTX)-loaded gelatine-cloisite 30B (MMT) nanocomposite for the potential oral delivery of PTX and the in vitro, and ex vivo assessment. Background: Gelatin/Cloisite 30 B (MMT) nanocomposites were prepared by blending gelatin with MMT in aqueous solution. Methods: PTX was incorporated into the nanocomposite preparation. The nanocomposites were investigated by Fourier Transmission Infra Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Confocal Laser Microscopy (CLSM). FT-IR of nanocomposite showed the disappearance of all major peaks which corroborated the formation of nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were found to have a particle size of 121.9 ± 1.85 nm and zeta potential -12.1 ± 0.63 mV. DSC thermogram of drug loaded nanocomposites indicated peak at 117.165 oC and 205.816 oC, which clearly revealed that the drug has been incorporated into the nanocomposite because of cross-linking of cloisite 30 B and gelatin in the presence of glutaraldehyde. Results: SEM images of gelatin show a network like structure which disappears in the nanocomposite. The kinetics of the drug release was studied in order to ascertain the type of release mechanism. The drug release from nanocomposites was in a controlled manner, followed by first-order kinetics and the drug release mechanism was found to be of Fickian type. Conclusion: Ex vivo gut permeation studies revealed 4 times enhancement in the permeation of drug present in the nanocomposite as compared to plain drug solution and were further affirmed by CLSM. Thus, gelatin/(MMT) nanocomposite could be promising for the oral delivery of PTX in cancer therapy and future prospects for the industrial pharmacy.

Polymer Coated Iron Nanoparticles: Radiolabeling & In Vitro Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selin Yılmaz ◽  
Çiğdem İçhedef ◽  
Kadriye Buşra Karatay ◽  
Serap Teksöz
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Sem Images

Backgorund: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been extensively used for targeted drug delivery systems due to their unique magnetic properties. Objective: In this study, it’s aimed to develop a novel targeted 99mTc radiolabeled polymeric drug delivery system for Gemcitabine (GEM). Methods: Gemcitabine, an anticancer agent, was encapsulated into polymer nanoparticles (PLGA) together with iron oxide nanoparticles via double emulsion technique and then labeled with 99mTc. SPIONs were synthesized by reduction–coprecipitation method and encapsulated with oleic acid for surface modification. Size distribution and the morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles were caharacterized by dynamic light scattering(DLS)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), respectively. Radiolabeling yield of SPION-PLGAGEM nanoparticles were determined via Thin Layer Radio Chromatography (TLRC). Cytotoxicity of GEM loaded SPION-PLGA were investigated on MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 breast cancer cells in vitro. Results: SEM images displayed that the average size of the drug-free nanoparticles was 40 nm and the size of the drug-loaded nanoparticles was 50 nm. The diameter of nanoparticles were determined as 366.6 nm by DLS, while zeta potential was found as-29 mV. SPION was successfully coated with PLGA, which was confirmed by FTIR. GEM encapsulation efficiency of SPION-PLGA was calculated as 4±0.16 % by means of HPLC. Radiolabeling yield of SPION-PLGA-GEM nanoparticles were determined as 97.8±1.75 % via TLRC. Cytotoxicity of GEM loaded SPION-PLGA were investigated on MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 breast cancer cells. SPION-PLGA-GEM showed high uptake on MCF-7, whilst incorporation rate was increased for both cell lines which external magnetic field application. Conclusion: 99mTc labeled SPION-PLGA nanoparticles loaded with GEM may overcome some of the obstacles in anti-cancer drug delivery because of their appropriate size, non-toxic, and supermagnetic characteristics.

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