scholarly journals Recycling of End-of-Life Tires (ELTs) for Sustainable Geotechnical Applications: A New Zealand Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7824
Author(s):  
Ali Tasalloti ◽  
Gabriele Chiaro ◽  
Arjun Murali ◽  
Laura Banasiak ◽  
Alessandro Palermo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Environmental Criteria ◽  
Gravel Size ◽  
Granular Geomaterials ◽  
Engineering Projects

End-of-life tires (ELTs) are tires, unusable in their original form, which go into a waste management scheme (for recycling and energy recovery purposes), or otherwise are disposed. In New Zealand, the annual disposal of 3.5 million ELTs is posing critical environmental and socio-economic issues, and the reuse of ELTs through large-volume recycling engineering projects is a necessity. In this study, gravel and recycled granulated rubber were mixed to explore the possibility of obtaining synthetic granular geomaterials (with adequate geotechnical and environmental characteristics) that are suitable as structural fills for geotechnical applications including foundation systems for low-rise light-weight residential buildings. Moreover, an original framework with a set of geo-environmental criteria is proposed for the acceptance of gravel–rubber mixtures (GRMs) as structural fills. It is shown that when gravel-size like rubber particles are used, GRMs with volumetric rubber content of 40% or less have adequate strength (ϕ’ > 30°), low compressibility (εv ≤ 3%), excellent energy adsorption properties, and acceptable leachate metal concentration values (e.g., Zn < 1 mg/L), making them ideal synthetic structural fill materials for many sustainable geotechnical applications.

scholarly journals “What Would You Do?”: How Cat Owners Make End-of-Life Decisions and Implications for Veterinary-Client Interactions

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1114
Author(s):  
Katherine Littlewood ◽  
Ngaio Beausoleil ◽  
Kevin Stafford ◽  
Christine Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Future Research ◽  
End Of Life Decisions ◽  
Life Decisions ◽  
End Of Life Decision ◽  
Life Decision

Cats are the most common companion animals in New Zealand. Advances in veterinary care means that cats are living longer and there are many older cats. End-of-life decisions about cats are complicated by owner–cat relationships and other psychosocial factors. Our study explored the ways in which end-of-life decisions were being made by owners of older and chronically ill cats in New Zealand and the role of their veterinarian in the process. Qualitative data were gathered via retrospective semi-structured interviews with 14 cat owners using open-ended questions. Transcripts of these interviews were explored for themes using template analysis and nine themes were identified. Four were animal-centered themes: cat behavior change, pain was a bad sign, signs of ageing are not good, and the benefits of having other people see what owners often could not. Five were human-centered themes: veterinarians understanding owners’ relationships with their cat, normalizing death, the need for a good veterinarian to manage end of life, veterinary validation that owners were doing the right thing, and a strong desire to predict the time course and outcome for their cat. End-of-life decision making is complex, and the veterinarian’s role is often poorly defined. Our owners appreciated the expertise and validation that their veterinarian provided but continuity of care was important. Future research aimed at exploring the veterinarian’s perspective during end-of-life decision making for cats would be a valuable addition to the topic.

scholarly journals PRACTICE OF IRVING JOHN GILL MODERNISM

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-159
Author(s):  
Vasily D. FILIPPOV
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Exhibition ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Life Projects

The article is devoted to the work of Irving John Gill during his heyday, and then in conditions when the principles of modernism discovered by him, due to the lack of society’s need for new architecture in the United States, were not needed in this country - from 1909 until his death in 1936. New technologies used by Gill in the construction of public and residential buildings from concrete are described as well as his unsuccessful participation in the Panama-California World Exhibition of 1915-191, the construction near Los Angeles of the “ideal” city of Torrance and end-of-life projects. The reasons why Gill did not become the leader of the American and one of the leaders of world architecture are discussed, and his work is still controversial.

scholarly journals Making a House a Home: Motivations for Earthquake Strengthening   Domestic Homes in Dunedin, an Argument Towards Domestic Heritage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Imogen Stockwell
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Heritage Studies ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Southern City ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Following the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes, earthquake strengthening is one of the biggest issues facing heritage buildings in New Zealand. This process is mainly affecting commercial and public buildings; residential buildings are generally exempt from earthquake-prone building policies. However, some homeowners are choosing to do what is often perceived to be an expensive and time-consuming process. This research explores whether there is a heritage relationship between the homeowner and their house that motivates conservation work, such as earthquake strengthening. The central question for this research is: “What makes a heritage house a home? Is “home” a motivation for owners to earthquake strengthen their building? a case study of Dunedin”.  The relationship between homeowners and the heritage of their homes and domestic conservations practices has been underexamined in heritage studies in New Zealand. The current dissertation addresses this problem and contributes to the literature of Museum and Heritage Studies. The theoretical framework employed in this research draws on the field of Critical Heritage Studies in order to explore the relationship between ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up heritage’, the notion of ‘peoples-based’ heritage, the value of intangible heritage and a cycle of care. This research utilised qualitative research methods, involving the interviewing three heritage homeowners and two heritage professionals. These provided detailed findings about homeowners’ perceptions of their houses and the interaction between heritage practitioners and homeowners. The southern city of Dunedin was the case study which framed this research, because it has a rich collection of heritage buildings and a council which has been proactive in encouraging earthquake strengthening.  It was found that the heritage homeowner’s relationship with their home played a role in conservation how decisions are undertaken and that there is a lack of outreach from heritage authorities to heritage homeowners. This research provides information about the nature of the interaction between top-down and bottom-up heritage, and how this relationship can lead to positive heritage outcomes. Recommendations include developing open channels of communication between officials and homeowners, increased acknowledgement of the homeowner’s role in the conservation practice, and the establishment of a concept of Domestic Heritage to assist within the development of a cycle of care by heritage homeowners.</p>

scholarly journals Seismic bracing performance of plasterboard timber walls

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Liu ◽  
David Carradine
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Wall Model ◽  
Seismic Engineering ◽  
Displacement Capacity ◽  
Insight Into

The goal of this study is to develop a racking model of plasterboard-sheathed timber walls as part of the efforts towards performance-based seismic engineering of low-rise light timber-framed (LTF) residential buildings in New Zealand. Residential buildings in New Zealand are primarily stand-alone low-rise LTF buildings, and their bracing elements are commonly plasterboard-sheathed LTF walls. It is an essential part of performance-based seismic designs of LTF buildings to be able to simulate the racking performance of plasterboard walls. In this study, racking test results of 12 plasterboard walls were collected and studied to gain insight into the seismic performance of plasterboard-sheathed LTF walls. The racking performance of these walls was examined in terms of stiffness/strength degradation, displacement capacity, superposition applicability and failure mechanisms. Subsequently, a mathematical analysis model for simulating racking performance of LTF plasterboard walls is developed and presented. The developed racking model is a closed-form wall model and could be easily used for conducting three-dimensional non-linear push-over studies of seismic performance of LTF buildings.

The Sustainability of Ecological Compensation in Inner Mongolia-Regional Management Based on Regional Characteristics

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1574-1577
Author(s):  
Yan Xia Yang ◽  
I Shin Chang ◽  
Hui Min Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Ecological Engineering ◽  
Ecological Compensation ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Regional Characteristics ◽  
Regional Management ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Engineering Projects

Under the situation of the ecological environment damage, the ecological compensation is becoming one of the focal points of the society in China. In responding to the decision of the Central Government positively, all provinces and municipalities have carried out a variety of plots of ecological compensation, in addition to large-scale ecological engineering projects implemented by the Central Government, including Three-North projects, Natural forest protection, Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources governance, and Returning farmland to forest/grassland which came into effective since the late 1990s, gradually. Through the analysis on those large-scale ecological engineering projects located in Inner Mongolia, this study summarized the progress and development of afforestation and the existing problems. In addition, through regional management scheme based on regional characteristics, the sustainability of ecological compensation in Inner Mongolia was assessed.

PA12 Is digital storytelling ka pai for new zealand māori? using digital storytelling as a method to explore whānau end of life caregiving experiences: a pilot study

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A23.2-A23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Williams ◽  
Tess Moeke-Maxwell ◽  
Shuchi Kothari ◽  
Sarina Pearson ◽  
Merryn Gott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Digital Storytelling

Spiritual beliefs, practices, and needs at the end of life: Results from a New Zealand national hospice study

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Egan ◽  
Rod MacLeod ◽  
Chrystal Jaye ◽  
Rob McGee ◽  
Joanne Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peace Of Mind

AbstractObjective:International studies have shown that patients want their spiritual needs attended to at the end of life. The present authors developed a project to investigate people's understanding of spirituality and spiritual care practices in New Zealand (NZ) hospices.Method:A mixed-methods approach included 52 semistructured interviews and a survey of 642 patients, family members, and staff from 25 (78%) of NZ's hospices. We employed a generic qualitative design and analysis to capture the experiences and understandings of participants' spirituality and spiritual care, while a cross-sectional survey yielded population level information.Results:Our findings suggest that spirituality is broadly understood and considered important for all three of the populations studied. The patient and family populations had high spiritual needs that included a search for (1) meaning, (2) peace of mind, and (3) a degree of certainty in an uncertain world. The healthcare professionals in the hospices surveyed seldom explicitly met the needs of patients and families. Staff had spiritual needs, but organizational support was sometimes lacking in attending to these needs.Significance of results:As a result of our study, which was the first nationwide study in NZ to examine spirituality in hospice care, Hospice New Zealand has developed a spirituality professional development program. Given that spirituality was found to be important to the majority of our participants, it is hoped that the adoption of such an approach will impact on spiritual care for patients and families in NZ hospices.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF 14C AND TGA TECHNIQUES FOR THE QUANTIFICATION OF THE BIOMASS CONTENT OF END-OF-LIFE TIRES

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Saiz-Rodríguez ◽  
José María Bermejo-Muñoz ◽  
Andrés Rodríguez-Díaz ◽  
Alberto Fernández-Torres ◽  
Antonio Rubinos-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Thermogravimetric Method ◽  
Precise Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Reference Samples

ABSTRACT Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and 14C techniques were compared for the determination of the biomass content of end-of-life tires (ELTs). Samples of different types (of ELTs) were prepared, and the biomass fraction of each sample was measured using the two methods (TGA and 14C). Six reference samples were also prepared with known quantities of natural rubber and stearic acid in order to establish the calibration curve necessary for the thermogravimetric analysis and to verify the accuracy of the results of the 14C analysis. The conclusions were that the 14C technique is the more valid, reliable, and precise method for determining the biomass content of end-of-life tires, since the results of the 14C tests of the reference samples coincided perfectly with the actual natural rubber and stearic acid content. On the other hand, the results of the thermogravimetric method differed considerably from the known natural rubber content of the reference samples as well as from the results of the 14C technique. This method is therefore not appropriate for use in determining the biomass content of end-of-life tires.

scholarly journals Nomadic Norwegian Architecture: An Historical and Contemporary Study of Prefabricated Norwegian Whaling Settlements in the Southern Hemisphere

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hannah France
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
Contemporary Study ◽  
Portable Architecture ◽  
Being Moved ◽  
Research And Design ◽  
Initial Research

<p>The early 1900’s saw a Norwegian Whaler’s base formed on Stewart Island where they shipped prefabricated buildings from Norway to create a settlement. The majority of these kitset buildings are still standing and apparently have had little modification from their original form. These buildings have no documentation of their materials, suitability of site or analysis of their current condition in this foreign environment. Initial research found one book by J.P.C Watt from the 1980’s which researches the Ross Sea whalers with little focus on the architecture or design. The book documents the movements of the buildings from their original service as a whaling station in the early 1900’s. This is an interesting ensemble of nomadic buildings, foreign to New Zealand, being moved around consistently and yet still remaining in the country today. Through the investigation of materiality, tectonics and individual building elements the research demonstrates how the buildings reacted to their nomadic inhabitants and also how the materials allowed for a sense of personal belonging to occur. This research aims to explore the materiality of Norwegian portable architecture and the material’s present conditions. It establishes that the nomadic/temporal nature of the Norwegian kitset buildings were not adapted to fit the New Zealand context and documents these buildings for future reference. The first step is literature research and design exploration of Norwegian kitset materials, tectonics and components. In the second step, analysis of case studies is conducted. Findings have been judged upon functionality, and therefore the design is a result of the site context and research.</p>

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