scholarly journals Soft Bio-Integrated Multifunctional Devices Using an Intrinsically Stretchable Conducting Nanomembrane

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6562
Author(s):  
Sangkyu Lee ◽  
Kyumin Kang ◽  
Heewon Choi ◽  
Jiyong Yoon ◽  
Yewon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Thermal Sensitivity ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Multifunctional Device

Soft bioelectronic systems with a unique mechanical property, namely modulus matching between human skin (or tissue) and the device, have gained widespread attention. This is because of their closed-loop strain-insensitive electrical performance ranging from application in the long-term stable measurements of physiological signals and feedback modulation to human skin (or organs). Various materials and integration/fabrication strategies such as buckled, rigid islands, and wavy designs addressed for soft bioelectronic systems require complex device fabrication with time-consuming packaging and integration processes. In this study, we developed a soft bio-integrated multifunctional device (SBMD) fabricated through the simple thermal evaporation and transfer processes. The intrinsically stretchable Au–SEBS film composed of thermally evaporated gold (Au) nanomembranes and an elastomeric substrate was applied to various functional modules that are capable of sensing the strain (up to ~300%), temperature (with a thermal sensitivity of ~0.6 Ω/°C), chemicals (at a concentration of NaCl of~0.5 wt%), and even electrophysiological cardiac/muscle signals and showing thermal actuations (80 °C at 9 V). Specifically, such multifunctions of the SBMD were stably performed even on skin. Thus, we believe the SBMD would be a promising candidate for realizing soft bioelectronic systems.

scholarly journals Bridged oxide nanowire device fabrication using single step metal catalyst free thermal evaporation

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
pp. 10294-10301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Coşkun ◽  
Matthew M. Ombaba ◽  
Fatih Dumludağ ◽  
Ahmet Altındal ◽  
M. Saif Islam
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Oxide Nanowires ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanowires ◽  
Catalyst Free ◽  
Nanowire Device

In this study, bridge metal-oxide nanowires grown directly between two Si electrodes on SOI wafer and their electrical performance were investigated.

Tertiary nitrification in pilot-plant plug-flow fixed-film reactors with long-term ammonium deficiency

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fruhen ◽  
K. Böcker ◽  
S. Eidens ◽  
D. Haaf ◽  
M. Liebeskind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Industrial Project ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Film Reactor ◽  
Observation Period

The objective of this study is to investigate to what extent the nitrification capacity of a pilot-plant fixed-film reactor changes during extensive periods of nutrient supply deficiency. The examined pilot-plant was an upflow reactor filled with swelling clay of medium grain size (6 to 8 mm). The experiments revealed that the maximum nitrification rate remained practically constant during the first weeks after the onset of unregulated ammonium supply. The capacity declined slowly, dropping to approximately 66% of the initial capacity after about ten weeks. Still ammonium peaks of up to 8 mg/l were readily nitrified throughout the entire period of the experiment. The reduction in nitrification capacity during the observation period did not result from decay processes of biomass but from the reactor becoming blocked and thus hampering transfer processes. It could be observed that the detached organisms attached again further up. This semi-industrial project demonstrated that a plug-flow fixed-film reactor can be used as effective means of tertiary nitrification.

Irradiation Induced Changes in Semiconducting Thin Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 341 ◽  
pp. 181-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Heavy Ions ◽  
Semiconductor Device ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Radiation Environment ◽  
Extended Defects ◽  
Semiconducting Thin Films

High-energy electron, proton, neutron, photon and ion irradiation of semiconductor diodes and solar cells has long been a topic of considerable interest in the field of semiconductor device fabrication. The inevitable damage production during the process of irradiation is used to study and engineer the defects in semiconductors. In a strong radiation environment in space, the electrical performance of solar cells is degraded due to direct exposure to energetically charged particles. A considerable amount of work has been reported on the study of radiation damage in various solar cell materials and devices in the recent past. In most cases, high-energy heavy ions damage the material by producing a large amount of extended defects, but high-energy light ions are suitable for producing and modifying the intrinsic point defects. The defects can play a variety of electronically active roles that affect the electrical, structural and optical properties of a semiconductor. This review article aims to present an overview of the advancement of research in the modification of glassy semiconducting thin films using different types of radiations (light, proton and swift heavy ions). The work which has been done in our laboratory related to irradiation induced effects in semiconducting thin films will also be compared with the existing literature.

Experimental Study to Characterize the Performance of Combined Photovoltaic/Thermal Air Collectors

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Delisle ◽  
Michaël Kummert
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature

Combined photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collectors show great potential for reaching the objective of net-zero energy consumption in buildings, but the number of products on the market is still very limited. One of the reasons for the slow market uptake of PV/T collectors is the absence of standardized methods to characterize their performance. Performance characterization is a challenge for PV/T collectors because of the interaction between the thermal and electrical yield. This study addresses this particular issue for PV/T air collectors used in either closed-loop or open-loop configurations. In particular, it presents the potential of the equivalent cell temperature method to determine the temperature of the PV cells in a PV/T air collector and validates models to predict the thermal performance and cell temperature for this particular type of solar collector. Indoor and outdoor experimental tests were performed on two c-Si unglazed PV/T modules. The indoor part of this procedure provided the thermal diode voltage factor and the open-circuit voltage temperature coefficient, two parameters that are essential in the calculation of the equivalent cell temperature. The outdoor procedure consisted of acquiring simultaneous electrical and thermal measurements at various inlet temperatures and flowrates. For the collector used in a closed-loop configuration, thermal efficiency models using the fluid inlet, outlet, or average temperature in the calculation of the reduced temperature provided similar results. For an open-loop configuration, a thermal efficiency model as a function of the fluid outlet flowrate was found to be more appropriate. Using selection of variable methods, it was found that a multiple linear regression model using the fluid inlet temperature, the irradiance, and the fluid outlet temperature as predictive variables could be used to estimate both the PV module back surface average temperature and the equivalent cell temperature. When using the PV temperature predicted by these models in the electrical efficiency model, both PV temperatures showed similar performance. In collectors where the PV back surface temperature is not accessible for temperature sensors mounting, the equivalent cell temperature provides a valuable alternative to be used as the PV temperature. The PV/T collector thermal and electrical performance in either closed-loop or open-loop configurations was found to be encapsulated with a series of five-plots.

Differential thermal sensitivity in the human skin

1973 ◽  
Vol 340 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Nadel ◽  
J. W. Mitchell ◽  
J. A. J. Stolwijk
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Thermal Sensitivity

N-doping of graphene: toward long-term corrosion protection of Cu

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (47) ◽  
pp. 24136-24148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siming Ren ◽  
Mingjun Cui ◽  
Wensheng Li ◽  
Jibin Pu ◽  
Qunji Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Pristine Graphene ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
N Doping ◽  
Doped Graphene

N-doped graphene could be a promising candidate for long-term corrosion protection of Cu because of its low conductivity compared to pristine graphene.

Clinical, biometric and structural evaluation of the long-term effects of a topical treatment with ascorbic acid and madecassoside in photoaged human skin

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 946-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Haftek ◽  
Sophie Mac-Mary ◽  
Marie-Aude Le Bitoux ◽  
Pierre Creidi ◽  
Sophie Seité ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Topical Treatment ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Structural Evaluation
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