scholarly journals Towards Quantum 3D Imaging Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6414
Author(s):  
Cristoforo Abbattista ◽  
Leonardo Amoruso ◽  
Samuel Burri ◽  
Edoardo Charbon ◽  
Francesco Di Lena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Performance ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Quantum Fisher Information ◽  
Quantum Tomography ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Quantum Limit

We review the advancement of the research toward the design and implementation of quantum plenoptic cameras, radically novel 3D imaging devices that exploit both momentum–position entanglement and photon–number correlations to provide the typical refocusing and ultra-fast, scanning-free, 3D imaging capability of plenoptic devices, along with dramatically enhanced performances, unattainable in standard plenoptic cameras: diffraction-limited resolution, large depth of focus, and ultra-low noise. To further increase the volumetric resolution beyond the Rayleigh diffraction limit, and achieve the quantum limit, we are also developing dedicated protocols based on quantum Fisher information. However, for the quantum advantages of the proposed devices to be effective and appealing to end-users, two main challenges need to be tackled. First, due to the large number of frames required for correlation measurements to provide an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio, quantum plenoptic imaging (QPI) would require, if implemented with commercially available high-resolution cameras, acquisition times ranging from tens of seconds to a few minutes. Second, the elaboration of this large amount of data, in order to retrieve 3D images or refocusing 2D images, requires high-performance and time-consuming computation. To address these challenges, we are developing high-resolution single-photon avalanche photodiode (SPAD) arrays and high-performance low-level programming of ultra-fast electronics, combined with compressive sensing and quantum tomography algorithms, with the aim to reduce both the acquisition and the elaboration time by two orders of magnitude. Routes toward exploitation of the QPI devices will also be discussed.

scholarly journals High-speed high-resolution laser diode-based photoacoustic microscopy for in vivo microvasculature imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiufeng Li ◽  
Victor T C Tsang ◽  
Lei Kang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Terence T W Wong
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Photoacoustic Microscopy ◽  
Mouse Ear

AbstractLaser diodes (LDs) have been considered as cost-effective and compact excitation sources to overcome the requirement of costly and bulky pulsed laser sources that are commonly used in photoacoustic microscopy (PAM). However, the spatial resolution and/or imaging speed of previously reported LD-based PAM systems have not been optimized simultaneously. In this paper, we developed a high-speed and high-resolution LD-based PAM system using a continuous wave LD, operating at a pulsed mode, with a repetition rate of 30 kHz, as an excitation source. A hybrid scanning mechanism that synchronizes a one-dimensional galvanometer mirror and a two-dimensional motorized stage is applied to achieve a fast imaging capability without signal averaging due to the high signal-to-noise ratio. By optimizing the optical system, a high lateral resolution of 4.8 μm has been achieved. In vivo microvasculature imaging of a mouse ear has been demonstrated to show the high performance of our LD-based PAM system.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Imaging via Time-Correlated Single-Photon Counting

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1930
Author(s):  
Chengkun Fu ◽  
Huaibin Zheng ◽  
Gao Wang ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Single Photon Counting ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Noise Ratio

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging under the condition of weak light and low signal-to-noise ratio is a challenging task. In this paper, a 3D imaging scheme based on time-correlated single-photon counting technology is proposed and demonstrated. The 3D imaging scheme, which is composed of a pulsed laser, a scanning mirror, single-photon detectors, and a time-correlated single-photon counting module, employs time-correlated single-photon counting technology for 3D LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). Aided by the range-gated technology, experiments show that the proposed scheme can image the object when the signal-to-noise ratio is decreased to −13 dB and improve the structural similarity index of imaging results by 10 times. Then we prove the proposed scheme can image the object in three dimensions with a lateral imaging resolution of 512 × 512 and an axial resolution of 4.2 mm in 6.7 s. At last, a high-resolution 3D reconstruction of an object is also achieved by using the photometric stereo algorithm.

A LOW POWER HIGH RESOLUTION ROIC DESIGN WITH 14-BIT COLUMN-LEVEL ADC FOR 384 × 288 IRFPA

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (09) ◽  
pp. 1340015 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAJING ZHANG ◽  
WENGAO LU ◽  
GUANNAN WANG ◽  
ZHONGJIAN CHEN ◽  
YACONG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Readout Integrated Circuit ◽  
Analog To Digital Conversion ◽  
Amplifier Design

A readout integrated circuit (ROIC) of infrared focal plane array (IRFPA) with low power and low noise is presented in this paper. It consists of a 384 × 288 pixel array and column-level A/D conversion circuits. The proposed system has high resolution because of the odd–even Analog to Digital Conversion (ADC) structure, containing correlated switches design, multi-Vth amplifier design and high speed high resolution comparator design including latch-stage. Designed and simulated in 0.35-μm CMOS process, this high performance ROIC achieves 81.24 dB SNR at 8.64 KS/s consuming 98 mW under 5 V voltage supply, resulting in an ENOB of 13.2-bit.

Experimental Characterization of APD and Design of Quenching Circuit for Single-Photon Detection

2012 ◽  
Vol 246-247 ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Lü
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Single Photon Detection ◽  
Single Photon Detector ◽  
Photon Detection ◽  
Geiger Mode

In this paper, we experimentally characterize the Inga As/Imp avalanche photodiode (APD), which is working in Geiger mode, so as to choose the single photon detector for quantum communication. Due to the fact that bias of APD tends to be flat after avalanche, we first adopt the methodology of passive quenching to determine dark breakdown voltage. Experiment results indicate that temperature reduction will widen the optimal operating region and increase the optimal multiplication; therefore APD will be more sensitive. Epitaxial APD is the best choice for single-photon detection among the APDs we have tested for its low noise level and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Finally, we design a mixed passive-active quenching integrated circuit with gate control, which is quick with the quenching time of about 25ns and has controllable dead time with minimum of about 60ns.

scholarly journals Security analysis of the time-coding quantum key distribution protocols

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (11&12) ◽  
pp. 968-987
Author(s):  
Thierry Debuisschert ◽  
Simon Fossier
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
Single Photon Detectors ◽  
Time Coding

We report the security analysis of time-coding quantum key distribution protocols. The protocols make use of coherent single-photon pulses. The key is encoded in the photon time-detection. The use of coherent superposition of states allows to detect eavesdropping of the key. We give a mathematical model of a first protocol from which we derive a second, simpler, protocol. We derive the security analysis of both protocols and find that the secure rates can be similar to those obtained with the BB84 protocol. We then calculate the secure distance for those protocols over standard fibre links. When using low-noise superconducting single photon detectors, secure distances over 200 km can be foreseen. Finally, we analyse the consequences of photon-number splitting attacks when faint pulses are used instead of single photon pulses. A decoy states technique can be used to prevent such attacks.

Quantum tomography of a single-photon state by photon-number parity measurements

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajveer Nehra ◽  
Aye Win ◽  
Miller Eaton ◽  
Niranjan Sridhar ◽  
Reihaneh Shahrokhshahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Quantum Tomography ◽  
Photon State ◽  
Single Photon State

XPAD X-ray hybrid pixel detector for charge density quality diffracted intensities on laboratory equipment

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Wenger ◽  
Slimane Dahaoui ◽  
Paul Alle ◽  
Pascal Parois ◽  
Cyril Palin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Pixel Detector ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
X Ray

The new generation of X-ray detectors, the hybrid pixel area detectors or `pixel detectors', is based on direct detection and single-photon counting processes. A large linearity range, high dynamic and extremely low noise leading to an unprecedented high signal-to-noise ratio, fast readout time (high frame rates) and an electronic shutter are among their intrinsic characteristics which render them very attractive. First used on synchrotron beamlines, these detectors are also promising in the laboratory, in particular for pump-probe or quasi-static experiments and accurate electron density measurements, as explained in this paper. An original laboratory diffractometer made from a Nonius Mach3 goniometer equipped with an Incoatec Mo microsource and an XPAD pixel area detector has been developed at the CRM2 laboratory. MoKα accurate charge density quality data up to 1.21 Å−1resolution have been collected on a sodium nitroprusside crystal using this home-made diffractometer. Data quality for charge density analysis based on multipolar modelling are discussed in this paper. Deformation electron densities are compared to those already published (based on data collected with CCD APEXII and CAD4 diffractometers).

High-resolution high-efficiency X-ray imaging system based on the in-line Bragg magnifier and the Medipix detector

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Vagovič ◽  
Dušan Korytár ◽  
Angelica Cecilia ◽  
Elias Hamann ◽  
Libor Švéda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Full Field ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging

The performance of a recently developed full-field X-ray micro-imaging system based on an in-line Bragg magnifier is reported. The system is composed of quasi-channel-cut crystals in combination with a Medipix single-photon-counting detector. A theoretical and experimental study of the imaging performance of the crystals–detector combination and a comparison with a standard indirect detector typically used in high-resolution X-ray imaging schemes are reported. The spatial resolution attained by our system is about 0.75 µm, limited only by the current magnification. Compared with an indirect detector system, this system features a better efficiency, signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution. The optimal working resolution range of this system is between ∼0.4 µm and 1 µm, filling the gap between transmission X-ray microscopes and indirect detectors. Applications for coherent full-field imaging of weakly absorbing samples are shown and discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document