scholarly journals Special Issue “Application of Spectroscopy in Food Analysis”

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3860
Author(s):  
Alessandra Biancolillo ◽  
Federico Marini
Keyword(s):  
Food Analysis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Fundamental Needs

“Man is what he eats”: food represents one of the fundamental needs for human beings, and, therefore, food analysis is a field of utmost importance [...]

scholarly journals EU Law’s Half-Hearted Protection of Religious Minorities Minority Specific Rights and Freedom of Religion for All

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Kristin Henrard
Keyword(s):  
Case Law ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Freedom Of Religion ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Special Rights ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

This article begins with some reflections on the definition of religious minorities, their needs and rights and how this relates to the discussion about the need for minority specific rights in addition to general fundamental rights as rights for all human beings irrespective of particular identity features. Secondly, an overall account of the ambiguous relationship between religious minorities and fundamental rights is presented. The third and most extensive section zooms in on the EU and religious minorities, starting with an account of the EU’s general approach towards minorities and then turning to the protection of fundamental rights of religious minorities in/through the EU legal order. First, the EU’s engagement with minority specific rights and the extent to which these norms have been attentive to religious themes will be discussed. Second, the CJEU’s case law concerning freedom of religion and the prohibition of dis-crimination as general human rights is analysed. The conclusion then turns to the overall perspective and discusses whether the EU’s protection of religious minorities’ fundamental rights can be considered ‘half-hearted’ and, if so, to what extent. This in turn allows us to return to the overall focus of the Special Issue, namely the relationship between the freedom of religion for all and special rights for religious minorities.

scholarly journals Special Issue: Microbial Degradation of Xenobiotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 487
Author(s):  
Yuji Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Harmful Effects

Xenobiotics are released into the environment by human activities, and they often cause problems such as environmental pollution, since most such compounds cannot be readily degraded, and have harmful effects on human beings and the natural ecosystem [...]

Special Issue on Human-Robot Interaction Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-533
Author(s):  
Tomomi Hashimoto ◽  
Yoshihito Kagawa
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Model Concept ◽  
Verbal Messages

Opportunities for human beings and robots to work together are increasing. The objective of this special issuefs ten articles is to activate and expand top-quality research. In the first, T. Muto and Y. Miyake explore interpersonal cooperative walking replicated for two human beings and the motor-control mechanisms involved. In the second, Y. Nishikawa, Y. Kagawa, and J. Kurabayashi study control of healthcare equipment and a manipulator using electromyography (EMG) signals. The third contribution, by T. Hashimoto, Y. Takakura, T. Hamada, T. Akazawa, and M. Yamamoto, details a walking simulator using virtual reality. The fourth, by Y. Tang, H. A. Vu, P. Q. Le, D. Masano, O. Thet, C. Fatichah, Z. Liu, M. Yamaguchi, M. L. Tangel, F. Dong, Y. Yamazaki, and K. Hirota, proposes casual communication between humans and robots by integrating nonverbal gestures and verbal messages. Y. Ho, T. Shibano, E. Sato-Shimokawara, and T. Yamaguchi present a system in the fifth article that uses data mining to detect human intent collecting, processing, and analyzing human motion. In the sixth, K. Rattanyu and M. Mizukawa introduce emotion recognition based on electrocardiography (ECG) signals. In the seventh article, K. Ogawa, S. Nishio, K. Koda, G. Balistreri, T. Watanabe, and H. Ishiguro discusses two field tests using the Telenoid android. The eighth contribution, by H. Suzuki and H. Nishi, shows how animal gaits are implemented by quadrupedal robots. K. Zhang, Y. Maeda, and Y. Takahashi propose multiagent reinforcement learning in the ninth article. The closing contribution, by B. Piriyanont, N. Uchiyama, and S. Sano, proposes collision avoidance control for a quadrocopter based on the social force model concept. We thank the referees for their comprehensive reviews and the Fuji Technology Press Ltd. staff for its encouragement and advice.

Special Issue on Mobiligence: Emergence of Adaptive Motor Function Through Interaction Among the Body, Brain and Environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-363
Author(s):  
Hajime Asama ◽  
◽  
Jun Ota ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Adaptive Function ◽  
Motor Functions ◽  
Sensory Motor

Animals behave adaptively in diverse environments. Adaptive behavior, which is one of intelligent sensory-motor functions, is disturbed in patients with neurological disorders. Mechanisms for the generation of intelligent adaptive behaviors are not well understood. Such an adaptive function is considered to emerge from the interaction of the body, brain, and environment, which requires that a subject acts or moves. Intelligence for generating adaptive motor functions is thus called mobiligence. This special issue features papers dealing with mobiligence. The 18 papers were selected after a thorough peer review. The scope of these papers extends from analytical studies close to biology to synthetic studies close to engineering. Subjects are diverse – insects, monkeys, human beings, robots, networks. All papers play a part in mobiligence studies. We thank the Editorial Board of Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics for giving us the opportunity for publishing this special issue. We also thank the authors for their perseverance and expertise, and deeply appreciate the timely and helpful comments of the reviewers.

Special Issue on Intelligent Integrated Systems for Human-Oriented Information Society

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-501
Author(s):  
Michitaka Kameyama ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Intelligent Transportation System ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Service Robot ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Real World Data

Recent advance in the information technology makes our society very convenient from the viewpoint of human-to-human information communication. However, our new living style will require not only human-tohuman communication but also autonomous intelligent applications that support human beings such as an intelligent robot system, an intelligent transportation system, and a security/safe system as shown in Figure. These applications will contribute to human-oriented information society.Intelligent vehicle Home service robot Security The use of special-purpose VLSI processors capable of processing a large amount of real-world data is essential to make such applications realistic. In recent industrial trend, the special-purpose processors are called ""System LSIs"". One of the most important environmental informations in real-world applications is a vision information. The factor common to the applications is to catch an environment information moment by moment and to respond quickly with it. Therefore, it is important to make the response time from inputs to outputs very small. In this case, sensor data transfer bottleneck is not allowed as well as memory-to-PE (Processing Element) data transfer bottleneck. An image sensor signal processing VLSI together with image sensor devices is a key issue in such applications. From the above point of views, this special issue was planned to demonstrate the recent results of this area. Finally, I would like to express my appreciation to the authors for their efforts and contributions to this special issue and also the members of the Editorial Board for their cooperation.

Guest Editorial of the Special Issue on Computational Intelligence and Its Applications for Robotics

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 1702001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Jae Ryoo ◽  
Takahiro Yamanoi
Keyword(s):  
Computational Intelligence ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Mathematical Reasoning ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Localization And Mapping

The special issue topics focus on the computational intelligence and its application for robotics. Its areas reach out comprehensive ranges; context-awareness software, omnidirectional walking and fuzzy controller of dynamic walking for humanoid robots, pet robots for treatment of ASD children, fuzzy logic control, enhanced simultaneous localization and mapping, fuzzy line tracking for mobile robots, and so on. Computational intelligence (CI) is a method of performing like humans. Generally computational intelligence means the ability of a computer to learn a specific task from data or experimental results. Meanwhile robotic system has many limits to behave like human beings. The robotic system might be too complex for mathematical reasoning, it might contain some uncertainties during the process, or the process might simply be stochastic in real life. Real-life problems cannot be translated into binary code for computers to process it. Computational intelligence might solve such problems.

Neoliberalism in Higher Education: Can We Understand? Can We Resist and Survive? Can We Become Without Neoliberalism?

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaile S. Cannella ◽  
Mirka Koro-Ljungberg
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The World ◽  
Market Driven ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
Market Focus

Concern regarding capitalism, profiteering, and the corporatization of higher education is not new. A market focus that creates students as consumers and faculty as service providers has dominated global practices in colleges and universities for some time. Most recently, however, this more liberal market-driven focus has actually morphed away from a jurisdictional emphasis (with a potential focus on fairness) to forms of veridiction (neoliberal truth regimes) that legitimate intervention into all aspects of society, the environment, interpretations of the world around us, even into the physical individual bodies of human beings as well as the more-than-human. In higher education, this neoliberal saturation has led to changes that are of seismic proportion. The authors in this special issue describe their own research into, interpretations of, and life experiences as they attempt to survive within this neoliberal condition, and as they also generate counter conducts and ways of thinking without neoliberalism.

scholarly journals AI in learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 183449092110381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannele Niemi
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Recent Discussion ◽  
Data Ownership ◽  
Digital Pedagogy ◽  
Intelligent Tools

This special issue raises two thematic questions: (1) How will AI change learning in the future and what role will human beings play in the interaction with machine learning, and (2), What can we learn from the articles in this special issue for future research? These questions are reflected in the frame of the recent discussion of human and machine learning. AI for learning provides many applications and multimodal channels for supporting people in cognitive and non-cognitive task domains. The articles in this special issue evidence that agency, engagement, self-efficacy, and collaboration are needed in learning and working with intelligent tools and environments. The importance of social elements is also clear in the articles. The articles also point out that the teacher’s role in digital pedagogy primarily involves facilitating and coaching. AI in learning has a high potential, but it also has many limitations. Many worries are linked with ethical issues, such as biases in algorithms, privacy, transparency, and data ownership. This special issue also highlights the concepts of explainability and explicability in the context of human learning. We need much more research and research-based discussion for making AI more trustworthy for users in learning environments and to prevent misconceptions.

scholarly journals Symmetry in Engineering Sciences

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco G. Montoya ◽  
Raúl Baños ◽  
Alfredo Alcayde ◽  
Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Geometric Solutions

The symmetry concept is mainly used in two senses. The first from the aesthetic point of view of proportionality or harmony, since human beings seek symmetry in nature. Or the second, from an engineering point of view to attend to geometric regularities or to explain a repetition process or pattern in a given phenomenon. This special issue dedicated to geometry in engineering deals with this last concept, which aims to collect both the aspects of geometric solutions in engineering, which may even have a certain aesthetic character, and the aspect of the use of patterns that explain observed phenomena.

Special Issue on Human Symbiotic System

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 757-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichiro Maeda ◽  
Daisuke Katagami
Keyword(s):  
Research Society ◽  
Pattern Generation ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Service Robots ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Symbiotic System ◽  
User Intent ◽  
Negotiation Skill ◽  
Bidirectional Communication

With opportunities for human beings to coexist with artificial agents and autonomous robots are increasing, high-level interactive communication between them is increasingly needed. These human symbiotic systems are used for research on basic intelligent interaction design principles and methods and bidirectional communication based on effective collaboration and symbiosis between human beings and robots, agents, and computers, also known as artifacts. The research society on gHuman Symbiotic System (HSS)h was implemented by the Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics (SOFT) in 2007. The HSS encourages academic and industrial discussion of research on Human-Agent Interaction (HAI), Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). The objective of this special issue is to activate and expand top-quality research of HSS theory and applications. Reflecting the fact that this research covers a wide range of topics, we invited researchers from fields including intelligent robotics, human-machine interfaces, and Kansei engineering to contribute. This issue thus provides much of the latest practical research on HSS, introduced by core members of the research society. Of the 22 papers received, 14 were accepted after input from two reviewers each. The first paper, by Y. Tamura et al., presents an attentive deskwork support system that delivers required items objects to deskworkers. The second, by H. Masuta et al., discusses an integrated perceptual system for intelligent service robots. The third, by S. Akiguchi, develops an automatic pattern generation system based on user impression. The fourth, by Y. Jiang et al., deals with a novel interface recognizing directional user intent based on forearm pressure exerted by the user of an omnidirectional walker. The fifth paper, by K. Terabayashi et al., investigates effects of preoperation on the experience of hands of different sizes by classifying preoperations based on the hand/object relationship. The sixth, by Y. Tamura et al., proposes segmenting a performerfs body imitating behavior observed based on a system from which values are obtained by reinforcement learning. The seventh, by D. Katagami et al., discusses group-adaptive behavior based on utterance contents and social standing of a robot. The eighth, by H. Yamaguchi et al., presents a system for using discounted utterances in spontaneous conversations applying text-mining technology. The ninth paper, by A. Otaki et al., focuses on the development of human negotiation skill through interaction between human players and computer agents in bargaining games. The tenth, by D. Katagami et al., is also related to human negotiation skill implementing human gestures in negotiation scenarios for three negotiation agents. The eleventh, by R. Taki et al., realizes interactive emotion communication - bidirectional communication based on emotional behavior between human beings and robots. The twelfth, by J. Ichino et al., investigates the psychological effects of color on online documents through a proposed online document interface. The thirteenth paper, by T. Ando et al., studies the robot facial effectiveness in human interpretation. The fourteenth, by T. Ando et al., models robot self-sufficiency applying an urge system focusing on autonomous emotion. This issue has addressed the importance of HSS and highlighted innovative approaches to the development of artificial system more friendly to users. We thank the authors and referees for their ongoing efforts, without which this issue would not have been possible.

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