scholarly journals How to Make Augmented Reality a Tool for Railway Maintenance Operations: Operator 4.0 Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2656
Author(s):  
Sara Scheffer ◽  
Alberto Martinetti ◽  
Roy Damgrave ◽  
Sebastian Thiede ◽  
Leo van Dongen
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Railway Industry ◽  
Learning Capabilities ◽  
Architectural Framework ◽  
Usability Requirements ◽  
Set Up

In the last few decades, several initiatives and approaches are set up to support maintenance procedures for the railway industry in adopting the principles of Industry 4.0. Contextualized maintenance technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) overlay can integrate virtual information on physical objects to improve decision-making and action-taking processes. Operators work in a dynamic working environment requiring both high adaptive capabilities and expert knowledge. There is a need to support the operators with tailor-based information that is customized and contextualized to their expertise and experience. It calls for AR tools and approaches that combine complex methodologies with high usability requirements. The development of these AR tools could benefit from a structured approach. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose an adaptive architectural framework aimed at shaping and structuring the process that provides operators with tailored support when using an AR tool. Case study research is applied within a revelatory railway industry setting. It was found that the framework ensures that self-explanatory AR systems can capture the knowledge of the operator, support the operator during maintenance activities, conduct failure analysis, provide problem-solving strategies, and improve learning capabilities. This study contributes to the necessity of having a human-centered approach for the successful adaption of AR technology tools for the railway industry.

Augmented Reality Visualization of Automobile Air Conditioning Using Optical Tracking Tools

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita T. Willmann ◽  
Uwe Woessner
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Optical Tracking ◽  
Passenger Compartment ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Development Phases ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Set Up

Virtual prototyping allows us to reduce the expensive production of real prototypes to a minimum and shorten vehicle development phases. Augmented Reality (AR) visualization is a demonstrative and intuitive tool in order to overlay physical prototypes with virtual content and thus comprehend complex relationships quickly. Further, AR technologies can intensify the collaboration between specialists with different expert knowledge and support common decision making during reviews meetings. However, the existing work processes, software tools and predefined regulations do not permit the use of AR tools in all automotive areas. In this work, a prototypical AR application, based on optical tracking tools, was set up in a real automotive environment and evaluated in terms of its applicability for CFD simulation data in the passenger compartment. The examination provides valuable information about environmental conditions, requirements from end users as well as the integration in existing work processes. The results are a basis for future improvements in order to offer a seamless and automated workflow in an early state of the development process and for maintenance.

Introduction of augmented reality in ultrasound training – The set up for the UppStudy (Ultrasound aPP Study)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Lato ◽  
N Degregorio ◽  
C Lato ◽  
F Schochter ◽  
U Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Set Up

scholarly journals Wear and Friction Characteristics of 65Mn Steel for Spike-Tooth Harrow

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Zhiguo Lu ◽  
Chuanyu Du ◽  
Qingcai Chen ◽  
Tianying Niu ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Manganese Steel ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Variable Parameters ◽  
Wear Characteristics ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Worn Surface ◽  
Friction And Wear Characteristics

The friction and wear characteristics of spike-tooth material (65Mn steel) of Spike-Tooth Harrow in a two-stage peanut harvester were studied in this paper. The friction and wear tests of pin and disc on 65 manganese steel were carried out on the tribometer, then the wear loss and the friction coefficient were studied. The wear loss of the pin was acquired by calculating the mass of the pin before and after the experiment using an electronic balance. According to the actual working environment of peanut spring-finger, four variable parameters are set up: load, speed, soil moisture and soil type. The friction and wear characteristics of pins were studied under different loads, speeds and different soil environments. After wearing, the worn surface of the material was observed by scanning microscope and the wear mechanism was studied. The experimental results show that the wear of the pin increases with the increase of load and decreases with the increase of rotational speed in the same rotation number. Especially in the case of the sandy soil with 20% in moisture, a maximum wear loss of the pin is achieved.

Een slechte start en dan?

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk-Jan Dirven ◽  
Wouter van der Torre ◽  
Seth van den Bossche
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Data ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Employment Quality

A bad start and what then? The work situation of self-employed entrepreneurs with negative and positive start motives This article assesses the extent to which the quality of labor varies between solo self-employed who set up a business for negative reasons and those who started for positive reasons. A negative reason is, for example, not being able to find a suitable job as an employee; an example of a positive reason is wanting to be self-employed from the very beginning. Quality of labor is measured according to the person's financial situation, security of employment, quality of the working environment and work satisfaction. In the analysis, data are used from the Self-employment Survey conducted by Statistics Netherlands and TNO. Compared to self-employed persons with a positive motivation, those who were negatively motivated show lower performance in terms of their business's financial situation, income position, work-related mental fatigue (burn-out), self-perceived health status, concern about the business's future and the level of satisfaction. However, in absolute terms, the vast majority appear to be satisfied with their work situation, enthusiastic and not intending to quit self-employment.

scholarly journals How can expert knowledge increase the realism of conceptual hydrological models? A case study based on the concept of dominant runoff process in the Swiss Pre-Alps

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4425-4447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Antonetti ◽  
Massimiliano Zappa
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Process Maps ◽  
Uncertainty Sources ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Better Than

Abstract. Both modellers and experimentalists agree that using expert knowledge can improve the realism of conceptual hydrological models. However, their use of expert knowledge differs for each step in the modelling procedure, which involves hydrologically mapping the dominant runoff processes (DRPs) occurring on a given catchment, parameterising these processes within a model, and allocating its parameters. Modellers generally use very simplified mapping approaches, applying their knowledge in constraining the model by defining parameter and process relational rules. In contrast, experimentalists usually prefer to invest all their detailed and qualitative knowledge about processes in obtaining as realistic spatial distribution of DRPs as possible, and in defining narrow value ranges for each model parameter.Runoff simulations are affected by equifinality and numerous other uncertainty sources, which challenge the assumption that the more expert knowledge is used, the better will be the results obtained. To test for the extent to which expert knowledge can improve simulation results under uncertainty, we therefore applied a total of 60 modelling chain combinations forced by five rainfall datasets of increasing accuracy to four nested catchments in the Swiss Pre-Alps. These datasets include hourly precipitation data from automatic stations interpolated with Thiessen polygons and with the inverse distance weighting (IDW) method, as well as different spatial aggregations of Combiprecip, a combination between ground measurements and radar quantitative estimations of precipitation. To map the spatial distribution of the DRPs, three mapping approaches with different levels of involvement of expert knowledge were used to derive so-called process maps. Finally, both a typical modellers' top-down set-up relying on parameter and process constraints and an experimentalists' set-up based on bottom-up thinking and on field expertise were implemented using a newly developed process-based runoff generation module (RGM-PRO). To quantify the uncertainty originating from forcing data, process maps, model parameterisation, and parameter allocation strategy, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed.The simulation results showed that (i) the modelling chains based on the most complex process maps performed slightly better than those based on less expert knowledge; (ii) the bottom-up set-up performed better than the top-down one when simulating short-duration events, but similarly to the top-down set-up when simulating long-duration events; (iii) the differences in performance arising from the different forcing data were due to compensation effects; and (iv) the bottom-up set-up can help identify uncertainty sources, but is prone to overconfidence problems, whereas the top-down set-up seems to accommodate uncertainties in the input data best. Overall, modellers' and experimentalists' concept of model realism differ. This means that the level of detail a model should have to accurately reproduce the DRPs expected must be agreed in advance.

scholarly journals Technical innovations and optimizations for intermediate ice-core drilling operations

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (68) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Triest ◽  
Robert Mulvaney ◽  
Olivier Alemany
Keyword(s):  
Ice Core ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Drill Fluid ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Remote Sites ◽  
James Ross Island ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Core Storage

AbstractThe British Antarctic Survey, in collaboration with Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l’Environnement, has in recent years successfully drilled to bedrock on three remote sites around the Antarctic Peninsula. Based on the experience from the multi-season project at Berkner Island (948m depth, 2002–05) we optimized the drill set-up to better suit two subsequent single-season projects at James Ross Island (363m depth, 2008) and Fletcher Promontory (654m depth, 2012). The adaptations, as well as the reasons for them, are discussed in detail and include a drill tent set-up without a trench; drilling without a borehole casing with a relatively low fluid column height; and using a shorter drill. These optimizations were aimed at reducing cargo loads and installation time while maintaining good core quality, productivity and a safe working environment. In addition, we introduce a number of innovations, ranging from a new lightweight cable tensioning device and drill-head design to core storage and protection trays. To minimize the environmental impact, all the drill fluid was successfully recovered at both sites and we describe and evaluate this operation.

scholarly journals Implementasi penilaian kinerja pada badan layanan umum: studi tentang komitmen, penentuan tujuan, dan harapan karyawan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ma’mun Anshori ◽  
Jaka Isgiyarta ◽  
Tri Jatmiko W Prabowo
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Organizational Goals ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Goal Setting Theory ◽  
Setting Theory

Performance assessment is a performance quality measuring tool that needed to know the level of achievement of a plan, improve the performance of the next period, as well as increased transparency and public accountability. This study aims to analyze the actors' responses to the implementation of performance assessment at RS TUV as BLU. This research uses qualitative approach, using case study research method. This study attempts to describe what the actors experienced when implementing performance assessment and exploring how the actors interpreted the experience. Data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. The data collection is done by indepth interview to the actors, observe in the working environment of the actors, and analyze the supporting documents. In this study it was found that the implementation of performance assessment was responded by the actors with commitment attitude influenced by different aspects because the actors have different ways of dealing with a phenomenon. The performance indicators of the performance assessment motivates the actors to achieve it, in accordance with Goal-Setting Theory. Performance assessment provide clarity of organizational goals, goals will tell what to do and how much effort is required. Specific objectives will lead the actors to performance improvements. Furthermore, performance improvements give rise to expectations from actors towards improved rewards system in RS TUV. Penilaian kinerja merupakan alat ukur kualitas kinerja yang diperlukan antara lain untuk; mengetahui tingkat ketercapaian suatu perencanaan, memperbaiki kinerja periode berikutnya, serta peningkatan tranparansi dan akuntabilitas publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis respons pelaku terhadap penerapan penilaian kinerja pada RS TUV sebagai BLU. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian studi kasus. Penelitian ini berusaha mendiskripsikan apa yang dialami pelaku ketika menerapkan penilaian kinerja dan menggali bagaimana pelaku memaknai pengalaman tersebut. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam (indepth interview) pada pelaku, melakukan observasi di lingkungan kerja pelaku, dan menganalisis dokumen pendukung. Berdasarkan penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa penerapan penilaian kinerja direspon oleh pelaku dengan sikap komitmen yang dipengaruhi oleh aspek yang berbeda dikarenakan pelaku memiliki cara berbeda dalam menyikapi suatu fenomena. Kemudian indikator kinerja dalam penilaian kinerja memotivasi pelaku untuk mencapainya, hal ini sesuai dengan Goal-Setting Theory. Penilaian kinerja memberikan kejelasan tujuan organisasi, tujuan akan memberi tahu apa yang harus dilakukan dan berapa banyak usaha yang diperlukan. Tujuan yang spesifik akan mengarahkan pelaku pada perbaikan dan peningkatan kinerja. Selanjutnya, perbaikan dan peningkatan kinerja memunculkan harapan dari pelaku terhadap perbaikan sistem reward yang lebih baik di RS TUV.

scholarly journals Diagnosis, Therapy and Follow-up of Vaginal Cancer and Its Precursors. Guideline of the DGGG and the DKG (S2k-Level, AWMF Registry No. 032/042, October 2018)

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1060-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Georg Schnürch ◽  
Sven Ackermann ◽  
Celine D. Alt-Radtke ◽  
Lukas Angleitner ◽  
Jana Barinoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
German Society ◽  
Vaginal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Spread Pattern ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Diagnosis Therapy

Abstract Purpose This is an official guideline, published and coordinated by the Gynecological Oncology Working Group (AGO) of the German Cancer Society (DKG) and the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG). Vaginal cancers are rare tumors, which is why there is very little evidence on these tumors. Knowledge about the optimal clinical management is limited. This first German S2k guideline on vaginal cancer has aimed to compile the most current expert knowledge and offer new recommendations on the appropriate treatment as well as providing pointers about individually adapted therapies with lower morbidity rates than were previously generally available. The purpose of this guideline is also to set up a register to record data on treatment data and the course of disease as a means of obtaining evidence in future. Methods The present S2k guideline was developed by members of the Vulvar und Vaginal Tumors Commission of the AGO in an independently moderated, structured, formal consensus process and the contents were agreed with the mandate holders of the participating scientific societies and organizations. Recommendations To optimize the daily care of patients with vaginal cancer: 1. Monitor the spread pattern; 2. Follow the step-by-step diagnostic workup based on initial stage at detection; 3. As part of individualized clinical therapeutic management of vaginal cancer, follow the sentinel lymph node protocol described here, where possible; 4. Participate in the register study on vaginal cancer.

Bridging Children’s Reading with an Augmented Reality Story Library

Libri ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lih-Juan ChanLin
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Reading Processes ◽  
Story Content ◽  
Augmented Reality Technology ◽  
Mobile Ar ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Children's Stories ◽  
Children's Reading ◽  
Children’S Reading

Abstract In educational settings, physical objects or artwork are commonly used to convey meanings. These designs can be enhanced in ways which provide dynamic information overlay and context for children’s stories, such as how augmented reality technology (AR) uses created overlay digital information on the realistic object for enhancing interactions in learning and reading. The recent advancements in mobile AR have attracted a great deal of attention in the area of children’s learning and reading. In this context, a mobile AR story library (containing 228 picture books created by young artists from secondary schools) was developed for children’s reading. An AR platform (Hp Reveal) was used with Drupal for the management of story video clips, with children invited to immerse themselves in the artwork and stories in the library. Specific research questions were raised in this study: (1) how did teachers and the library implement the AR stories for children’s reading and (2) how did children react to AR reading? Observations and questionnaires were used to gather research data, while themes for scaffolding children’s reading in the mobile AR reading environment are summarized. It was observed that adults learned to use the AR mobile application and set up physical reading spaces (the library and classrooms) for children. When children were reading with AR, adults provided guidance and support for scaffolding children’s reading processes. The children were positive about the use of tablet with AR for reading stories and enjoyed reading the story content triggered by the AR technology.

Application of the TRIZ Method for Development and Evaluation of Innovations in Glass Processing for the 21st Century

2008 ◽  
Vol 39-40 ◽  
pp. 523-528
Author(s):  
Pavel Jirman ◽  
Ivo Matoušek
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Cold Working ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Glass Processing ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level ◽  
Further Development

Improving technology and materials in glass production for the 21st century supposes implementation of high-level innovations. These innovations are necessary not to be only developed, produced and set up but also their qualities and perspectives need to be evaluated so that the ratio of their application is increased. The application ratio of developed innovations lies among 1-3% at present. All stages of glass processing like melting, forming or cold working have mostly limitations of its own further development which are necessary to be detected so that further possibility of innovation can be predicted. At present it is not sufficient to have only theoretic and expert knowledge of the field and IT applications but it is necessary to know the methods of creative thinking for achievement and application of required innovation. Understanding of the system of creative thinking makes possible to better and faster adapt to real life practice which changes very fast. TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) is a powerful method of creative technical thinking which originated by studying patents and by generalization of successful process solving. The method TRIZ makes possible to find a correct formulation of a task out of unclearly described situation as well as to solve the newly re-formulated task by using unique strong instruments of the TRIZ method [1]. Application of the TRIZ method is supported by a unique SW designed for collection of information, analyses, synthesis of solutions and verification of the found solutions. Practical examples of using the TRIZ method will be presented in the contribution on chosen glass technologies.

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