scholarly journals Optimization of Aging Time for Improved Antioxidant Activity and Bacteriostatic Capacity of Fresh and Black Garlic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2377
Author(s):  
Tsan-Chang Chang ◽  
Hung-Der Jang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Aged Garlic

To determine the optimization of aging time for improved antioxidant activity and bacteriostatic capacity of garlic during its aging, garlic produced in Yunlin region, Taiwan, was employed as the test material in an analysis of the allicin content, total phenol content, antioxidant activity, and bacteriostatic capacity of fresh and aged garlic extracts. Allicin content of the aging garlic decreased to a minor level, whereas total phenol content increased to 16.96 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mL after 35 days of the aging process. The results of antioxidant testing demonstrated favorable positive correlations among IC50 of DPPH scavenging capacity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity, and superoxide dismutase activity for both the fresh and aged garlic extracts. The analytical results showed that aging of garlic at 70 °C and 85% relative humidity for 40 days substantially increased the quantity of phenolics, DPPH scavenging capacity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity, and superoxide dismutase activity and enhanced the antioxidant activity. The extracts exhibited higher bacteriostatic capacity against Gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus than against Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, black garlic aged under the optimum conditions exhibited favorable antioxidant activity and bacteriostatic ability.

scholarly journals Optimization of Ultrasonic Cellulase-Assisted Extraction and Antioxidant Activity of Natural Polyphenols from Passion Fruit

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2494
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Yu-Ting Gao ◽  
Ji-Wen Wei ◽  
Yin-Feng Chen ◽  
Qing-Lei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

In this paper, ultrasonic cellulase extraction (UCE) was applied to extract polyphenols from passion fruit. The extraction conditions for total phenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with a Box-Behnken design (BBD). The results showed that the liquid-to-solid ratio (X2) was the most significant single factor and had a positive effect on all responses. The ANOVA analysis indicated quadratic models fitted well as TPC with R2 = 0.903, DPPH scavenging activity with R2 = 0.979, and ABTS scavenging activity with R2 = 0.981. The optimal extraction parameters of passion fruit were as follows: pH value of 5 at 30 °C for extraction temperature, 50:1 (w/v) liquid-to-solid ratio with extraction time for 47 min, the experimental values were found matched with those predicted. Infrared spectroscopy suggested that the extract contained the structure of polyphenols. Furthermore, three main polyphenols were identified and quantified by HPLC. The results showed the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of the optimized UCE were 1.5~2 times higher than that determined by the single extraction method and the Soxhlet extraction method, which indicates UCE is a competitive and effective extraction technique for natural passion fruit polyphenols.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in Caulerpa filiformis (Chlorophyta) from Sechura Bay and Paracas Bay, Peru

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 061-066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Mamani ◽  
Jorge Chávez ◽  
Eder Apumayta ◽  
Patricia Gil-Kodaka
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
The North

In Peru, Caulerpa filiformis is a marine algae listed as an invasive species. For years, its distribution has been considered to be in the north coast (Isla Lobos de Afuera and Piura) until a recent report of its distribution in the central coast (Ancash, Lima, and Ica). The present investigation aims to determine the main groups of secondary metabolites, total phenol content, and antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract of C. filiformis from Sechura Bay (Piura) and Paracas Bay (Ica). The main chemical groups were determined through phytochemical screening, the content of phenols by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, and antioxidant activity by the ABTS method (2,2-azinobis-[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]) and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract of C. filiformis from Sechura Bay and Paracas Bay revealed the presence of carbohydrates, polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, lipids, alkaloids, steroids, and triterpenes for both extracts. The total phenol content of the extract of C. filiformis from Sechura Bay (39.31 ± 0.39 mg of AGE/g extract) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that from Paracas Bay (18.78 ± 0.31 mg of AGE/g extract). In the ABTS and DPPH assays, the antioxidant capacity of the Sechura C. filiformis extract (IC50 = 3.49 ± 0.01 and 2.18 ± 0.02 mg/mL) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the Paracas C. filiformis extract (IC50 = 6.41 ± 0.02 and 2.42 ± 0.04 mg /mL). These findings suggest that the methanolic extract of C. filiformis is a source of secondary metabolites with an antioxidant potential.

scholarly journals Chestnut Drying Is Critical in Determining Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Contamination

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Prencipe ◽  
Ilenia Siciliano ◽  
Carlotta Gatti ◽  
Maria Gullino ◽  
Angelo Garibaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Drying Treatment ◽  
Drying Conditions

Chestnut drying is used to prevent postharvest losses and microorganism contamination during storage. Several studies reported the contamination by aflatoxins (AFs) produced by Aspergillus spp. in chestnuts. The effect of drying temperatures (from 30 to 50 °C) was evaluated on the growth of A. flavus and the production of aflatoxins in chestnuts. The influence of the treatment on the proximate composition, the total phenol content and antioxidant activity of chestnuts was considered. Fungal colonization was observed on the nuts dried at 30, 35, and 40 °C; the incidence was lower at 40 °C. The highest concentrations of AFB1 and AFB2 were produced at 40 °C. No aflatoxins were detected at 45 or 50 °C. At 40 °C A. flavus was under suboptimal conditions for growth (aw 0.78), but the fungus was able to synthesize aflatoxins. As the temperatures applied increased, the total phenol content increased, while the antioxidant activity decreased. A drying treatment at 45 °C for seven days (aw 0.64) could be a promising method to effectively control both the growth of aflatoxigenic fungi and the production of aflatoxins. This study provides preliminary data useful to improve the current drying conditions used in chestnut mills, to reduce both fungal growth and aflatoxin production.

scholarly journals Phenol Content and Antioxidant and Antiaging Activity of Safflower Seed Oil (Carthamus Tinctorius L.)

Cosmetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamel Zemour ◽  
Amina Labdelli ◽  
Ahmed Adda ◽  
Abdelkader Dellal ◽  
Thierry Talou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Safflower Seed ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Safflower Oil ◽  
Phenol Content

The phenol content of vegetable oil and its antioxidant activity are of primary interest for human health. Oilseed species are considered important sources of these compounds with medicinal effects on a large scale. Total phenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of safflower oil were previously studied. Nevertheless, there is no report on genotypic differences and antiaging activity of safflower oil. The aim of this study was to determine the TPC, diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and antiaging activity on three respective accessions from Syria, France, and Algeria of seed oil of safflower grown under semi-arid conditions during 3 consecutive years (2015, 2016, and 2017). The results showed that phenol content as well as antioxidant and antiaging activity varied according to both genotype and years. In 2017, the mean value of TPC in oil seed was two times higher than in 2015 and 2016. Moreover, accessions presented different TPC values depending on the year. The highest antioxidant activity was observed among accessions in 2017 compared to 2015 and 2016. As expected, a positive correlation was found between TPC and antioxidant activity. The inhibition in the collagenase assay was between 47% and 72.1% compared to the positive control (83.1%), while inhibition in the elastase assay of TPC ranged from 32.2% to 70.3%, with the positive control being 75.8%. These results highlight the interest of safflower oil as a source of phenols with valuable antioxidant and antiaging activity, and uses for cosmetics.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity and total phenol content of blackberries cultivated in a highland tropical climate

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Neves Santos Guedes ◽  
Rafael Pio ◽  
Luana Aparecida Castilho Maro ◽  
Fabíola Fonseca Lage ◽  
Celeste Maria Patto de Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Blackberries are an important option for the diversification of fruit crops. However, there is currently no literature regarding plant cultivation in high-altitude tropical climates. Knowledge of the phenolic composition of blackberries is essential because variations in the levels of these components may exist between cultivars and may depend on environmental conditions. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to evaluate the total phenol content of different blackberry cultivars (Arapaho, Brazos, Cainguangue, Cherokee, Choctaw, Comanche, Ébano, Guarani, Tupy and Xavante). Free radical scavenging activity in these cultivars was assayed using a DPPH test. The HPLC-UV chromatogram of blackberry fruit extracts at 280 nm revealed the presence of phenolic compounds. The results showed significant differences in the levels of phenolic compounds in the blackberry cultivars tested. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the ABTS free radical and ranged from 2.7 ± 0.1 to 19 ± 2 μmole of Trolox equivalents per gram of sample (b.u.). These results are in good correlation with the phenolic contents of the blackberries tested. The Xavante blackberry cultivar had the highest levels of polyphenols that could be individually identified. Catechin polyphenols were found to be the main component in the blackberry varieties tested. 

scholarly journals Changes in antioxidant activity and total phenol content during storage of sweet basil

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 315-317
Author(s):  
Arisa NOGUCHI ◽  
Shingo ITO ◽  
Tadashi BABA ◽  
Fukio IKEDA
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Sweet Basil

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Activity of the Hydroethanolic Extract ofCuratella americanaL. Leaves

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Henrique Oliveira Lopes ◽  
Luis Fernando Benitez Macorini ◽  
Katia Ávila Antunes ◽  
Priscilla Pereira de Toledo Espindola ◽  
Tamaeh Monteiro Alfredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypolipidemic Activity ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Controls

High levels of reactive oxygen species in the body and hyperlipidemia are key factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. The present study investigated the antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity of hydroethanolic extract ofCuratella americanaL. leaves (ExC). The antioxidant activity of ExC was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) scavenging capacity and protection against hemolysis induced by 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), followed by quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA). Wistar rats with hyperlipidemia induced by high-fructose diet (60%) were treated for 60 days with water, simvastatin (30 mg·Kg−1), ciprofibrate (2 mg·Kg−1), and ExC (200 mg·Kg−1). ExC revealed IC50of6.0±0.5 μg·mL−1, an intermediary value among positive controls used in the assay of DPPH scavenging capacity. At all concentrations (50 to 125 μg·mL−1) and times (60 to 240 min) evaluated, ExC protected erythrocytes against AAPH-induced hemolysis, which was confirmed by lower MDA levels.In vivotests showed a reduction of 34 and 45%, respectively, in serum concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides in hyperlipidemic rats treated with ExC, a similar effect compared to the reference drugs, simvastatin and ciprofibrate, respectively. Together, the results showed the antioxidant activity of ExC and its ability to improve the serum lipid profile in hyperlipidemic rats.

scholarly journals In VivoAntioxidant Activity of Deacetylasperulosidic Acid in Noni

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Lu Ma ◽  
Mai Chen ◽  
Chen X. Su ◽  
Brett J. West
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dose Dependent

Deacetylasperulosidic acid (DAA) is a major phytochemical constituent ofMorinda citrifolia(noni) fruit. Noni juice has demonstrated antioxidant activityin vivoand in human trials. To evaluate the role of DAA in this antioxidant activity, Wistar rats were fed 0 (control group), 15, 30, or 60 mg/kg body weight per day for 7 days. Afterwards, serum malondialdehyde concentration and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were measured and compared among groups. A dose-dependent reduction in malondialdehyde was evident as well as a dose-dependent increase in superoxide dismutase activity. DAA ingestion did not influence serum glutathione peroxidase activity. These results suggest that DAA contributes to the antioxidant activity of noni juice by increasing superoxide dismutase activity. The fact that malondialdehyde concentrations declined with increased DAA dose, despite the lack of glutathione peroxidase-inducing activity, suggests that DAA may also increase catalase activity. It has been previously reported that noni juice increases catalase activityin vivobut additional research is required to confirm the effect of DAA on catalase. Even so, the current findings do explain a possible mechanism of action for the antioxidant properties of noni juice that have been observed in human clinical trials.

scholarly journals Ascorbic Acid, Total Phenol Content and Antioxidant Activity of Fresh Juices of Four Ripe and Unripe Citrus Fruits

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. REKHA ◽  
G. POORNIMA ◽  
M. MANASA ◽  
V. ABHIPSA ◽  
J. PAVITHRA DEVI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Phenol Content
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