scholarly journals Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Activity of the Hydroethanolic Extract ofCuratella americanaL. Leaves

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Henrique Oliveira Lopes ◽  
Luis Fernando Benitez Macorini ◽  
Katia Ávila Antunes ◽  
Priscilla Pereira de Toledo Espindola ◽  
Tamaeh Monteiro Alfredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypolipidemic Activity ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Controls

High levels of reactive oxygen species in the body and hyperlipidemia are key factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. The present study investigated the antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity of hydroethanolic extract ofCuratella americanaL. leaves (ExC). The antioxidant activity of ExC was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) scavenging capacity and protection against hemolysis induced by 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), followed by quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA). Wistar rats with hyperlipidemia induced by high-fructose diet (60%) were treated for 60 days with water, simvastatin (30 mg·Kg−1), ciprofibrate (2 mg·Kg−1), and ExC (200 mg·Kg−1). ExC revealed IC50of6.0±0.5 μg·mL−1, an intermediary value among positive controls used in the assay of DPPH scavenging capacity. At all concentrations (50 to 125 μg·mL−1) and times (60 to 240 min) evaluated, ExC protected erythrocytes against AAPH-induced hemolysis, which was confirmed by lower MDA levels.In vivotests showed a reduction of 34 and 45%, respectively, in serum concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides in hyperlipidemic rats treated with ExC, a similar effect compared to the reference drugs, simvastatin and ciprofibrate, respectively. Together, the results showed the antioxidant activity of ExC and its ability to improve the serum lipid profile in hyperlipidemic rats.

scholarly journals Potential Antioxidant Activity of New Tetracyclic and Pentacyclic Nonlinear Phenothiazine Derivatives

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwill Azeh Engwa ◽  
Eugene Lekem Ayuk ◽  
Benardeth Ujunwa Igbojekwe ◽  
Marcellus Unaegbu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phenothiazine Derivatives ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Group 3

The global increase in oxidative stress related diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, and inflammatory diseases caused by overwhelming level of free radicals in the body has encouraged the search for new antioxidant agents. Based on the ability of newly synthesized phenothiazine derivatives (6-chloro-11-azabenzo[a]phenothiazine-5-one and 6-[4-bromophenyl]-10-methyl-11-azabenzo[a]phenothiazine-5-one) to oxidize H2O2, a known free radical to sulfoxide, this study assessed the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity. The synthesized phenothiazine derivatives exhibited reducing power potential to convert Fe3+to Fe2+and high ability to scavenge H2O2free radical in vitro. These activities were comparable to ascorbic acid, a standard antioxidant. The catalase activity significantly increased (p<0.05) in groups 1 and 2 animals that received the phenothiazine derivatives compared to the controls (groups 3 and 4) suggesting the ability of the phenothiazine derivatives to scavenge H2O2in vivo. The malondialdehyde level in groups 1 and 2 animals was lower than that in group 3 that received the reference compound (ascorbic acid) and group 4 that received the solvent suggesting the ability of the phenothiazine derivatives to prevent lipid membrane damage. AST and bilirubin levels were higher in group 2 animals which received 6-[4-bromophenyl]-10-methyl-11-azabenzo[a]phenothiazine-5-one compared to group 3, the positive control. The results suggest that phenothiazine derivatives, especially 6-chloro-11-azabenzo[a]phenothiazine-5-one, possess antioxidant activity though 6-[4-bromophenyl]-10-methyl-11-azabenzo[a]phenothiazine-5-one was slightly toxic. This activity may be due to the presence of electron donors such as sulfur as well as the richness of hydrogen in the additional benzene rings for substitution. Further study is needed to identify tolerable doses for possible therapeutic purposes.

scholarly journals Characteristics and composition of hackberries (Celtis australis L.) from Mediterranean forests`

2021 ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Esther Vidal Cascales ◽  
Domenico Prencipe ◽  
Claudia Nocentini ◽  
Reyes López Sánchez ◽  
José María Ros García
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Mediterranean Forests ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Very High ◽  
Celtis Australis

The characteristics and composition of hackberries (Celtis australis L.) from Mediterranean forests were stablished and compared to other fruits. Fresh hackberries were fractionated in peel (19.8%), flesh (49.7%) and stone (29.4%). A very high value of soluble solids (53.6 ºBrix) was found in the flesh. Chromatographic analysis indicated that the flesh soluble solids were mainly sucrose (12.8%), glucose (17.5%) and fructose (21.8%). An average antioxidant activity (FRAP) of 4000 μmol eq. Fe2+/100 g and a DPPH scavenging capacity (IC50) of 7 were found. The antioxidant properties are due to the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, 249 and 28 mg/100 g, respectively, in the flesh. The dietary fibre in the flesh was 18 g/100 g. The hackberries flesh cell wall is constituted by pectins (55.7%) and hemicelluloses (44.4%). According to these results, hackberry would be considered of great interest for its applications as sweeting agent with antioxidant, thickener and dietary properties, in the food industry.

Phenolic Content, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Moroccan propolis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-705
Author(s):  
Omar Belmehdi ◽  
Badia Douhri ◽  
Abdelhakim Bouyahya ◽  
Yousif Laghmouchi ◽  
Nadia S. Senhaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Bleaching Test ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Background:Propolis contains compounds with antibacterial and antioxidant capacities, such as phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of six propolis samples from northern Morocco and to determine their content of polyphenols and flavonoids.Methods:The total polyphenols and flavonoids of Ethanol Extracts (EEP) were evaluated by colorimetric assays. To test the antibacterial activity, the well diffusion and micro-dilution methods were adopted. The kinetic of bacterial growth in the presence of EEP was tested. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using three techniques: reducing power, β-carotene bleaching test, and DPPH scavenging capacity assay.Results:The EEPs were found to have high total phenolic content (65.09 - 122.00 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (41.95 - 50.44 mg QE/g). The screening of the antibacterial activity showed that all tested bacteria were sensitive to EEP except Escherichia coli. The inhibitory zones varied from 11.50 ± 0.70 to 32.00 ± 0.70 mm, and MIC and MBC ranged from 0.07 to 5 mg/mL and 0.07 to >5 mg/mL, respectively. The antioxidant activity was proportional to the phenolic content of propolis. The IC50 varied from 48.70 to 156.00 mg/mL and the RAA% ranged from 75.07 to 96.68 %.

scholarly journals Health Concerns of Various Nanoparticles: A Review of Their in Vitro and in Vivo Toxicity

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Ajdary ◽  
Mohammad Moosavi ◽  
Marveh Rahmati ◽  
Mojtaba Falahati ◽  
Mohammad Mahboubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Protein Corona ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Physico Chemical

Nanoparticles (NPs) are currently used in diagnosis and treatment of many human diseases, including autoimmune diseases and cancer. However, cytotoxic effects of NPs on normal cells and living organs is a severe limiting factor that hinders their use in clinic. In addition, diversity of NPs and their physico-chemical properties, including particle size, shape, surface area, dispersity and protein corona effects are considered as key factors that have a crucial impact on their safe or toxicological behaviors. Current studies on toxic effects of NPs are aimed to identify the targets and mechanisms of their side effects, with a focus on elucidating the patterns of NP transport, accumulation, degradation, and elimination, in both in vitro and in vitro models. NPs can enter the body through inhalation, skin and digestive routes. Consequently, there is a need for reliable information about effects of NPs on various organs in order to reveal their efficacy and impact on health. This review covers the existing knowledge base on the subject that hopefully prepares us better to address these challenges.

scholarly journals Optimization of Aging Time for Improved Antioxidant Activity and Bacteriostatic Capacity of Fresh and Black Garlic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2377
Author(s):  
Tsan-Chang Chang ◽  
Hung-Der Jang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Aged Garlic

To determine the optimization of aging time for improved antioxidant activity and bacteriostatic capacity of garlic during its aging, garlic produced in Yunlin region, Taiwan, was employed as the test material in an analysis of the allicin content, total phenol content, antioxidant activity, and bacteriostatic capacity of fresh and aged garlic extracts. Allicin content of the aging garlic decreased to a minor level, whereas total phenol content increased to 16.96 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mL after 35 days of the aging process. The results of antioxidant testing demonstrated favorable positive correlations among IC50 of DPPH scavenging capacity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity, and superoxide dismutase activity for both the fresh and aged garlic extracts. The analytical results showed that aging of garlic at 70 °C and 85% relative humidity for 40 days substantially increased the quantity of phenolics, DPPH scavenging capacity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity, and superoxide dismutase activity and enhanced the antioxidant activity. The extracts exhibited higher bacteriostatic capacity against Gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus than against Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, black garlic aged under the optimum conditions exhibited favorable antioxidant activity and bacteriostatic ability.

scholarly journals Health concerns of various nanoparticles: A review of their in vitro and in vivo toxicity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Ajdari ◽  
Mohammad Moosavi ◽  
Marweh Rahmati ◽  
Mojtaba Falahati ◽  
Mohammad Mahboubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in diverse disciplines, including biology, medicine science. The central question that need to be answered is whether NPs have toxic effects on biological cells and molecules or are they safe. The safety of NPs including targeted drug delivery is critical and so is their toxicity in the environment. In recent years, in vitro and in vivo research on animals has generated abundant information about the toxicity of NPs. However, due to varying laboratory conditions, the comparison of the results from ensuing studies is somewhat unreliable. It should be noted that, depending on the type of production, NPs can enter the body through inhalation, skin and via digestive routes. Due to the diversity of NPs and their properties, there is paucity of accurate information on their toxicological effects; particle size, shape, surface area and the chemical levels are considered as key factors in creating health and toxicological effects. Consequently, there is a need for reliable information about their effects on various organs so as to deal with NPs effectively and their impact on health and the environment. This review covers the existing knowledge base on the subject that hopefully prepares us better to address these challenges.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity of Pigmented Rice and Impact on Health

JURNAL PANGAN ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Arfina Sukmawati Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Food Sources

The high number of free radicals that are not balanced with the amount of antioxidants in the body triggers oxidative stress. Oxidative stress causes impaired vascular function, damage to proteins and lipids in membrane cell, and nucleic acid (DNA) mutations. Chronic cell damage has a negative effect on tissue that triggers various diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's), cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, arteriosclerosis, and others), cataracts, retinal damage, maculopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, stroke, diabetes mellitus , immunodepression, cancer, aging, hyperoxia, dermatitis, and others. The application of a healthy lifestyle for example by consuming food sources of bioactive compounds can minimize health risks. Rice is the staple food of the Indonesian people. Some types of rice contain red and black pigments which are known to have high antioxidant activity compared to white rice. The pigment comes from anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin. Various studies in vitro and in vivo prove that anthocyanin and proantocyanidine act as antioxidants and potency as a preventative for various diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes mellitus, and etc.

scholarly journals Polyphenols contents and antioxidant Activity of extracts from Leaves and flowers of Thymelaea hirsuta

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Mounira Merghem ◽  
Saliha Dahamna ◽  
Seddik Khennouf
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Thymelaea Hirsuta ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Β Carotene

Thymelaea hirsuta  is a medicinal plant, belonging to the genus Thymelaea (Thymelaeaceae) widely used in Mediterranean countries especially in Algeria. In this study, we have evaluated the total polyphenols and flavonoids contents of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Leaves and flowers of Thymelaea hirsuta as well as its antioxidant activity using the DPPH (2'2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) and β-carotene /linoleic acid bleaching assays. The yield of the methanolic and aqueous extract was 11, 55% and 13, 25% respectively. The total polyphenols content of the methanolic extract was 295, 22 µg GAE/ mg extract and flavonoids was 09, 40 µg QE/mg and 26, 42 µg RE/ mg extract. The total polyphenols content of the aqueous extract was 57, 95 µg GAE/ mg extract and flavonoids was 4.59 µg QE/ mg and 10.66 µg RE/ mg extract. In the DPPH assay, methanolic extract showed the higher scavenging capacity (IC50 = 0.03 ± 0.004 mg/ml), followed by aqueous extract with IC50 of 0.275 ± 0.019 mg/ml. In the test of β-carotene /linoleic acid, the percentage of inhibition was 39.1±1.33% for the aqueous extract and 41.05±2.72% for methanolic extract. Keywords: Thymelaea hirsuta, antioxidant activity, polyphenols, DPPH scavenging, β-carotene.

scholarly journals Determination of malondialdehyde and glutathione levels in the liver of mice orally administered with a mixture of the aqueous extracts of Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst, Mint (Mentha avensis L.) and stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (05) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Minh T. L. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Important Drug

Oxidative stress has been studied by scientists because it is a factor increasing diseases, such as cancer, diabetes... through the production of harmful free radicals to the body. Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst is always considered an important drug in the prevention and treatment of diseases by the action of polysaccharide and triterpenoid. In addition, Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni has recently been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Mint (Mentha avensis L.) is a common medicinal herb. The mixture consisting of the aqueous extract of Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst, mint and stevia powder had a high antioxidant activity, in free radical scavenging method (DPPH), reaching 85.7% at concentration 1000 μg/mL and valuable IC50 was 559.7 μg/mL. For in vivo study on the model of cyclophosphamide-induced liver damage in white mice, the concentrations of malondialdehyde and glutathione in liver showed that the mixture had antioxidant activity in the direction of hepatoprotective effect

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