scholarly journals Effect of Citric Acid on Color Changes of Calcium Silicate-Based Cements an In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2339
Author(s):  
Joanna Metlerska ◽  
Till Dammaschke ◽  
Mariusz Lipski ◽  
Irini Fagogeni ◽  
Anna Machoy-Mokrzyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Root Canal Irrigants ◽  
The Difference

The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate the effects of 10% and 40% citric acid (CA) on the color of calcium silicate–based cements (CSCs) in comparison to the effects of common root canal irrigants. Samples of six CSCs (n = 6)—ProRoot MTA (Dentsply, Tulsa, OK, USA), Biodentine (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France), MTA Plus (Avalon Biomed Inc, by Prevest Denpro Limited, Jammu, India), MTA Repair HP (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil), Ortho MTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea), and Retro MTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea)—were immersed in 10% and 40% CA as well as 15% EDTA, 2% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 0.9% NaCl for 15 min, 1 h, and 24 h. ΔE values, representing the difference between the final and baseline values of the color components, were then determined using a VITA Easyshade Compact 5.0 spectrophotometer. Naked-eye evaluation of the changes in color and structures of the materials was performed using our own scale. Upon immersion of the materials in both 10% and 40% CA, there were statistically significant differences between spectrophotometric color measurement results for all CSCs (P < 0.05). However, CA does not cause dark discoloration, observable with the naked eye, of any of the materials, such as NaOCl and CHX. Significant statistical differences were also found between all CSCs in terms of submersion duration (P < 0.05). CA, which could be an alternative to EDTA use, caused greater CSCs discoloration and changed some of their structures. Unless required by the therapeutic procedure, clinicians should pay attention to the fact that the irrigant may affect the CSCs discoloration and minimize the contact time of irrigant with CSCs.

Effect of root canal irrigants on calcium silicate cements: An In vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Astha Agrawal ◽  
Anika Mittal ◽  
Shifali Dadu ◽  
Aditi Dhaundiyal ◽  
Nikita Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Root Canal Irrigants ◽  
Calcium Silicate Cements

scholarly journals Tooth discoloration induced by apical plugs with hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements in teeth with open apices—a 2-year in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Krug ◽  
C. Ortmann ◽  
S. Reich ◽  
B. Hahn ◽  
G. Krastl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Tooth Color ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Tooth Discoloration ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Objectives To assess tooth discoloration induced by different hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements (HCSCs), including effects of blood and placement method. Materials and methods Eighty bovine teeth cut to a length of 18 mm (crown 8 mm, root 10 mm) were randomly assigned to 10 groups (n = 8), receiving orthograde apical plug treatment (APT). Apical plugs were 4 mm in length and made of ProRoot MTA (Dentsply), Medcem MTA (Medcem), TotalFill BC RRM Fast Set Putty (Brasseler), or Medcem Medical Portland Cement (Medcem) plus bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) with and without bovine blood. Further, orthograde (with or without preoperative adhesive coronal dentin sealing) and retrograde APT were compared. Teeth were obturated with gutta-percha and sealer, sealed with composite and stored in distilled water. Tooth color was measured on apical plug, gutta-percha/sealer, and crown surface before treatment versus 24 h, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment by spectrophotometry. Color difference (ΔE) values were calculated and analyzed by Shapiro–Wilk test, ANOVA with post hoc tests, Friedman test, t test, and post hoc tests with Bonferroni correction (α = .05). Results Tooth discoloration occurred in all groups with no significant differences between HCSCs (p > .05). After 24 months, color changes were prominent on roots but insignificant on crowns. Blood contamination induced a significantly decreased luminescence (p < .05). Blood had a stronger impact on tooth color than Bi2O3. No relevant effects of retrograde placement (p > .05) or preoperative dentin sealing (p > .05) were detected. Conclusions Apical plugs of the tested HCSCs cause discoloration of bovine roots, but not discoloration of bovine tooth crowns within a 24-month period. Clinical relevance APT should be performed carefully while avoiding direct contact with the coronal dentin, and in that case no aesthetic impairments occur.

EVALUATION OF THE DISSOLVING EFFICACY OF ESSENTIAL OILS ON ENDODONTIC OBTURATING MATERIALS: AN IN VITRO STUDY.

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
Rakesh Pyla ◽  
Jai Kiran Killada ◽  
V Raja Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Lavender Oil ◽  
Citronella Oil ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Lemon Oil ◽  
The Difference

Aim:Endodontic retreatment is a procedure that removes the lling materials from the root canals followed by their cleaning, shaping and obturation. This in-vitro study aimed to compare and evaluate the ability of various essential oils as solvents in dissolving gutta-percha, epoxy resin, and zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) cements. Materials and methods: A total of 28 cylindrical specimens in each group ZOE, epoxy resin, 28 ISO size 40 gutta-percha cones were prepared and divided into four groups for immersion in the different solvents, i.e. lemon oil, citronella oil, lavender oil, and TCE(Tetrachloroethylene (control)) for 5 minutes. The obturating materials dissolution in the solvents were obtained by the difference between the pre-immersion original weight and the post-immersion weight on a digital analytical scale. Data were statistically analysed by a paired t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) (p < 0.05). Results: Order of efcacy of dissolution of essential oils was found to be lemon oil > Citronella oil > Lavender oil and was highly signicant (p < 0.01). In all the solvents, Gutta-percha showed maximum dissolution (Fvalue:149.56) followed by ZOE(89.07 ) and resin sealer least (23.86). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the lemon oil can be used as a solvent for dissolving obturating materials.

scholarly journals The IG- file use to Gauge the Apical Diameter in Endodontics: An In Vitro Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 638-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Amato ◽  
Alfredo Iandolo ◽  
Giuseppe Pantaleo ◽  
Dina Abtellatif ◽  
Michele Simeone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Clinician Experience ◽  
Incorrect Measurement ◽  
The Difference

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the IG-file, a new instrument designed for apical diameter gauging. Materials and Methods: After shaping with F1 Universal Protaper, 60 roots were randomly divided into two groups and assigned to two operators, One Expert in Endodontics (EO) and One Unexpert (UO). In each sample, after canal curvatures have been detected, the apical diameters were measured with the IG-file and the K-NiTi. The results were compared with the reference value obtained by retrograde apical gauging. The data were statistically analyzed. Results: Among 60 samples, 10% of errors were recorded when the IG-files were used; in the K-NiTi group the incorrect measurements were 70%. In both groups (expert and unexpert) the IG-file measurements were more accurate than the K-NiTi (90 vs 33 and 90 vs 26,7). The differences were statistically significant. In curved canals, the difference between measurement rates performed with both instruments was statistically significant (85,7% IG-file vs 28,6% K-NiTi) as well as for the samples without curvatures (92,3% IG file vs 30,8% NiTi file). In root canals without curvatures overestimation errors in K-NiTi file group are more frequent than underestimation errors. This difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: A proper gauging of the apical diameter has a key role in endodontic therapy; an incorrect measurement can lead to clinical failures. This “in vitro” study highlights that IG-file improves measurement accuracy independently from clinician experience. Furthermore, in curved canals, the IG-file is more accurate than K-NiTi.

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