scholarly journals MBSE Testbed for Rapid, Cost-Effective Prototyping and Evaluation of System Modeling Approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2321
Author(s):  
Azad M. Madni
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Adaptive Planning ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
System Models ◽  
Digital Twins

Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) has made significant strides in the last decade and is now beginning to increase coverage of the system life cycle and in the process generating many more digital artifacts. The MBSE community today recognizes the need for a flexible framework to efficiently organize, access, and manage MBSE artifacts; create and use digital twins for verification and validation; facilitate comparative evaluation of system models and algorithms; and assess system performance. This paper presents progress to date in developing a MBSE experimentation testbed that addresses these requirements. The current testbed comprises several components, including a scenario builder, a smart dashboard, a repository of system models and scenarios, connectors, optimization and learning algorithms, and simulation engines, all connected to a private cloud. The testbed has been successfully employed in developing an aircraft perimeter security system and an adaptive planning and decision-making system for autonomous vehicles. The testbed supports experimentation with simulated and physical sensors and with digital twins for verifying system behavior. A simulation-driven smart dashboard is used to visualize and conduct comparative evaluation of autonomous and human-in-the-loop control concepts and architectures. Key findings and lessons learned are presented along with a discussion of future directions.

scholarly journals Towards Holistic System Models Including Domain-Specific Simulation Models Based on SysML

Systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Yizhe Zhang ◽  
Gregor Hoepfner ◽  
Joerg Berroth ◽  
Gerwin Pasch ◽  
Georg Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
System Level ◽  
Modeling Language ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
System Models ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Architecture Modeling

In the face of the rapid growth in the scale and complexity of multidisciplinary systems, being able to develop reliable systems under ever-faster changing and more individual market requirements is becoming more and more challenging. The Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) approach has already been researched heavily, and started to be introduced for the management of complexity, maintaining consistency, and reducing development costs and the time-to-market. However, a major drawback of the current MBSE methodologies is the lack of capability to integrate with domain-specific simulation models to investigate design concepts in the early phases of the development process. In order to address this issue, we propose a holistic system modeling approach that allows system engineers to link descriptive system models with domain-specific simulation models. In this paper, the Systems Modeling Language (SysML) is used as the standard architecture modeling language. A system modeling approach in SysML based on the system’s functional architecture for system design and validation is defined. The approach was developed to integrate domain-specific models into the system model using a SysML modeler with the capability of running and reusing simulation tasks via the coupling of external tools, which helps to bridge the existing gap between models on the system level and detail level. The feasibility of the proposed approach will be evaluated based on the case study of a wind turbine (WT) system. The study shows that our approach has the potential to enable the consistent, parameter-based interlinkage of domain-specific models based on always-up-to-date data, and to assist engineers in making design decisions to meet the system requirements accurately and rapidly in different engineering fields.

Teaching Mechatronic System Modeling: A Fifteen-Year Journey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuvra Das
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Bond Graphs ◽  
Mechatronic Systems ◽  
Course Content ◽  
Disciplinary Background ◽  
Student Projects

Abstract Most innovations happen at the intersections of disciplines. New products get designed through synergistic integration of multi-disciplinary concepts. For example, in today’s automobiles purely mechanical systems have been replaced by “by-wire” devices that are software controlled, lighter, more efficient, and reliable. While engineering disciplines are merging seamlessly in real world products, academic silos are mostly still intact. At University of Detroit Mercy, we have broken down some silos by launching the Robotics and Mechatronics Systems Engineering major. Mechatronic Systems Modeling is a mandatory course in this major. This course uses a technique of power flow called bond graphs to model mechatronic systems. This technique is not discipline specific and students with different disciplinary background can easily understand and master it. Recently, the use of Simscape, a MATLAB/Simulink tool for physical system modeling has also been added to this course. The use of these two tools in complex system modeling tasks helps students develop an understanding of engineering system behavior by moving beyond the narrow boundaries of individual disciplines. This paper describes the course content and structure, the modeling methods, selected student projects, some of the lessons learned, and several offshoot activities that have resulted from this course.

The Role of Computer Modeling in Combined Sewer Overflow Abatement Planning

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1831-1840 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Roesner ◽  
E. H. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
System Modeling ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Hydraulic Simulation ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
The U.S

Increased concern regarding water quality impacts from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) in the U.S. and elsewhere has emphasized the role of computermodeling in analyzing CSO impacts and in planning abatement measures. These measures often involve the construction of very large and costly facilities, and computer simulation during plan development is essential to cost-effective facility sizing. An effective approach to CSO system modeling focuses on detailed hydraulic simulation of the interceptor sewers in conjunction with continuous simulation of the combined sewer system to characterize CSOs and explore storage-treatment tradeoffs in planning abatement facilities. Recent advances in microcomputer hardware and software have made possible a number of new techniques which facilitate the use of computer models in CSO abatement planning.

scholarly journals Food Security, Environmental Health, and the Economy in Mexico: Lessons Learned with the COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7470
Author(s):  
Rebeca Monroy-Torres ◽  
Ángela Castillo-Chávez ◽  
Erika Carcaño-Valencia ◽  
Marco Hernández-Luna ◽  
Alex Caldera-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Mesh Terms

The COVID-19 pandemic showed an impact mainly on the health of people and the economy of households. The levels of food security in the world’s households, especially in Mexico, have decreased. When people do not have food security, their health is compromised and they have financial problems; on the other hand, environmental deterioration has a link with food security. The purpose of this review is to analysis of the current situation in Mexico of food security, environmental health and economy, the main lessons learned in these areas and their proposals integrating public policies. A review was carried out in the main databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, CAB Abstracts y PAIS Index) with the following keywords and according to the MeSH terms: Food security, food insecurity, environmental health, public policies, environmental, production, integrating the word COVID-19 in English and Spanish. Only 44.5% of Mexican households presented food security. For food insecurity, 22.6% had moderate and severe food insecurity, while 32.9% had mild insecurity. Food insecurity and the health impacts of environmental origin (waste management during the coronavirus pandemic, water contaminated by bacteria, viruses, and toxins; air pollution) generates impacts on economic activity by not offering food that meets health regulations. Without the application of cost-effective measures and interventions for the prevention and control of patients with obesity, the direct costs for 2023 will amount to 9 million dollars, which worsens the household economy. Despite having laws and policies on the right to food, a healthy environment (water), and opportunities for economic growth, these human rights are not fulfilled. The conclusion is that it is necessary to use a health and agroecological model to promote public policies (health, environment, and economy) that aims to prevent the discussed issues, with multidisciplinary and intersectoral interventions (government, academia, researchers, civil society organizations, industry, and population). This upholds the human right that all people should enjoy an adequate, healthy environment and have access to high-quality food.

Lifecycle Governance for Effective Digital Twins: A Joint Systems Engineering and IT Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Pileggi ◽  
Elena Lazovik ◽  
Jeroen Broekhuijsen ◽  
Michael Borth ◽  
Jacques Verriet
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Digital Twins

CONCEPTUALIZING THE GOAL AND SYSTEM MODELS OF ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS ?IMPLICATIONS FOR COMPARATIVE EVALUATION RESEARCH

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Strasser ◽  
J. D. Eveland ◽  
Gaylord Cummins ◽  
O. Lynn Deniston ◽  
John H. Romani
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Effectiveness ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
System Models

Chemical Deliquification of Unconventional Gas Wells

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.. Francis-LaCroix ◽  
D.. Seetaram
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Large Deviation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Current Production

Abstract Trinidad and Tobago offshore platforms have been producing oil and natural gas for over a century. Current production of over 1500 Bcf of natural gas per year (Administration, 2013) is due to extensive reserves in oil and gas. More than eighteen of these wells are high-producing wells, producing in excess of 150 MMcf per day. Due to their large production rates, these wells utilize unconventionally large tubulars 5- and 7-in. Furthermore, as is inherent with producing gas, there are many challenges with the production. One major challenge occurs when wells become liquid loaded. As gas wells age, they produce more liquids, namely brine and condensate. Depending on flow conditions, the produced liquids can accumulate and induce a hydrostatic head pressure that is too high to be overcome by the flowing gas rates. Applying surfactants that generate foam can facilitate the unloading of these wells and restore gas production. Although the foaming process is very cost effective, its application to high-producing gas wells in Trinidad has always been problematic for the following reasons: Some of these producers are horizontal wells, or wells with large deviation angles.They were completed without pre-installed capillary strings.They are completed with large tubing diameters (5.75 in., 7 in.). Recognizing that the above three factors posed challenges to successful foam applications, major emphasis and research was directed toward this endeavor to realize the buried revenue, i.e., the recovery of the well's potential to produce natural gas. This research can also lead to the application of learnings from the first success to develop treatment for additional wells, which translates to a revenue boost to the client and the Trinidad economy. Successful treatments can also be used as correlations to establish an industry best practice for the treatment of similarly completed wells. This paper will highlight the successes realized from the treatment of three wells. It will also highlight the anomalies encountered during the treatment process, as well as the lessons learned from this treatment.

scholarly journals A RECONNAISSANCE-SCALE GIS-BASED MULTICRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE BIOCHAR USE: POLAND AS A CASE STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka E LATAWIEC ◽  
Lewis PEAKE ◽  
Helen BAXTER ◽  
Gerard CORNELISSEN ◽  
Katarzyna GROTKIEWICZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Potential Barriers ◽  
Indirect Land Use Change ◽  
Biomass Availability ◽  
Change Mitigation

Although increasing numbers of research papers regarding biochar are being published worldwide, in some countries growing interest in biochar has only recently been observed; this is true of Poland. We analysed information on biochar research in Poland alongside lessons learned elsewhere in order to identify the significant opportunities and risks associated with biochar use. This data fed into a GIS-based multicriteria analysis to identify areas where biochar application could deliver greatest benefit. We found that 21.8% of agricultural land in Poland has at least moderate indication for biochar use (soil organic matter below 2% and ph below 5.5), while 1.5% was categorized as a priority as it also exhibited contamination. Potential barriers identified included biomass availability and associated risks of indirect land-use change due to possible national and transnational biomass production displacement. Biochar use could have positive global consequences as a climate change mitigation strategy, particularly relevant in a country with limited alternatives. Scaling up a mitigation technology that is viable on account of its co-benefits might be cost-effective, which could, in turn, adjust national perspectives and stronger involvement in developing mitigation policies at the regional level. Biochar has much promise in temperate conditions and further research should therefore be assigned to explore biochar’s environmental and socio-economic impacts.

Pilot plant study on the performance and optimization of submerged membranes for taste and odor removal

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Schideman ◽  
V.L. Snoeyink ◽  
B.J. Mariñas ◽  
M. Kosterman
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ideal Mixing ◽  
Taste And Odor ◽  
Cake Layer

Hybrid sorption-membrane processes are an attractive alternative for meeting a range of water treatment goals in a single process that is compact and cost-effective. This study investigated the performance and optimization of a hybrid sorption-membrane process using powdered activated carbon (PAC) and submerged-style membranes for odor control. Specifically, this study focused on the removal of 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) from a Lake Michigan source water and investigated the effects of PAC dose, dosing method, backwash interval, and aeration. Adsorption performance was predicted using a mathematical model, and tested using a pilot-scale, submerged membrane system. Modeling continuously dosed PAC performance agreed well with pilot results, but pulse dosed PAC performance was overestimated by the model. Non-ideal mixing effects were identified as important factors in explaining the pulse dosing results. Pilot results with aeration and pulse dosing were also overestimated by the model. It is hypothesized that aeration disturbs the PAC cake layer that forms on the membrane, and thus eliminates the beneficial effects that this cake layer can have on adsorption. Extending backwash intervals from 30 to 180 minutes with continuous dosing increased the percent removal of 2-MIB by up to 30% in both the model predictions and pilot results. This study highlights some important considerations in the design of full-scale systems and future mathematical models.

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