scholarly journals Study of Indicators of CI Engine Running on Conventional Diesel and Chicken Fat Mixtures Changing EGR

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
Alfredas Rimkus ◽  
Tadas Vipartas ◽  
Jonas Matijošius ◽  
Saulius Stravinskas ◽  
Donatas Kriaučiūnas
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Chicken Fat ◽  
Rate Of Heat Release ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

This article presents a change in the indicators of a compression ignition (CI) engine by replacing conventional diesel fuel (D100) with pure chicken fat (F100) and mixtures of these fuels. Mixtures of diesel and fat with volume ratios of 70/30, 50/50 and 30/70 were used. Research of the fuel properties was conducted. In order to reduce the fuel viscosity, blends of fat and diesel were heated. The experimental research was conducted at different engine loads with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) both off and on. The conducted analysis of the combustion process revealed a significant change in the rate of heat release (ROHR) when replacing diesel with chicken fat. Chicken fat was found to increase the CO2 and CO emissions, leaving hydrocarbon (HC) emissions nearly unchanged. Having replaced the D100 with diesel and chicken fat mixtures or F100, a significant reduction in smoke and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions was observed when EGR was off. When EGR was on, the smoke level increased, but the blends with chicken fat reduced it significantly, and the increased fat content in the fuel mixture reduced the NOx emissions. The engine’s brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) increased while the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) decreased, having replaced conventional diesel with chicken fat due to differences in the fuel energy properties and the combustion process.

The impact of water injection and exhaust gas recirculation on combustion and emissions in a heavy-duty compression ignition engine operated on diesel and gasoline

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1555-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Pamminger ◽  
Buyu Wang ◽  
Carrie M Hall ◽  
Ryan Vojtech ◽  
Thomas Wallner
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Main Injection ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Diesel Operation

Steady-state experiments were conducted on a 12.4L, six-cylinder heavy-duty engine to investigate the influence of port-injected water and dilution via exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on combustion and emissions for diesel and gasoline operation. Adding a diluent to the combustion process reduces peak combustion temperatures and can reduce the reactivity of the charge, thereby increasing the ignition-delay and, allowing for more time to premix air and fuel. Experiments spanned water/fuel mass ratios up to 140mass% and exhaust gas recirculation ratios up to 20vol% for gasoline and diesel operation with different injection strategies. Diluting the combustion process with either water or EGR resulted in a significant reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions along with a reduction in brake thermal efficiency. The sensitivity of brake thermal efficiency to water and EGR varied among the fuels and injection strategies investigated. An efficiency breakdown revealed that water injection considerably reduced the wall heat transfer; however, a substantial increase in exhaust enthalpy offset the reduction in wall heat transfer and led to a reduction in brake thermal efficiency. Regular diesel operation with main and post injection exhibited a brake thermal efficiency of 45.8% and a 0.3% reduction at a water/fuel ratio of 120%. The engine operation with gasoline, early pilot, and main injection strategy showed a brake thermal efficiency of 45.0% at 0% water/fuel ratio, and a 1.2% decrease in brake thermal efficiency for a water/fuel ratio of 140%. Using EGR as a diluent reduced the brake thermal efficiency by 0.3% for diesel operation, comparing ratios of 0% and 20% EGR. However, a higher impact on brake thermal efficiency was seen for gasoline operation with early pilot and main injection strategy, with a reduction of about 0.8% comparing 0% and 20% EGR. Dilution by means of EGR exhibited a reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions up to 15 g/kWh; water injection showed only up to 10 g/kWh reduction for the EGR rates and water/fuel ratio investigated.

Analysis of the Characteristics of Low NOx Combustion Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation

2014 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Feng Li Kang ◽  
Rong Liu ◽  
Chi Jia Li ◽  
Qing Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Health It ◽  
Combustion Phase ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
Nitric Oxide Emissions ◽  
Gas Recirculation

NOx damages to the environment. It also endangers human body health. It has become a major air pollutant. Only the nitric oxide emissions could be reduced by the improvement of combustion. The economical and reasonable technical measures, which is through selecting rational parameters and combustion process, could decrease the formation of NOx in fuel combustion phase. According to the national bureau of statistics data released, the national NOx emissions will reach 29.14 million ~ 42.96 million t in 2030,what is more ,China will surpass the United States to be the world's largest NOx emissions country. Environmental pollution has become one of the main factors restricting the development of economy in China [1].

scholarly journals Calculation studies of the influence of exhaust gas recirculation on the characteristics of the natural gas-fueled diesel engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2061 (1) ◽  
pp. 012065
Author(s):  
I I Libkind ◽  
A V Gonturev
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Diesel Cycle ◽  
Gas Fueled ◽  
Gas Recirculation

Abstract When converting diesel engines to run on natural gas on the gas-diesel cycle, additional problems arise associated with the high thermal stress of the exhaust valves and valve seats at high loads and engine speeds. There is also an increase in NOx emissions due to higher combustion temperatures of natural gas. One of the ways to improve the economic and environmental performance of engines operating on a gas-diesel cycle with a lean air-fuel mixture is to optimize the combustion of the air-fuel mixture by using an exhaust gas recirculation system (EGR). The principle of operation of this system is as follows: exhaust gas entering the intake manifold and further into the combustion chamber reduces the oxygen concentration in the air-fuel mixture, which leads to a dilution effect and, accordingly, to a decrease in combustion temperature and a decrease in NOx content. In order to study the influence of EGR on the dual-fuel gas and diesel engine parameters in the AVL Boost software package, a computer model of the existing 6ChN13/15 engine was developed. A low-pressure EGR system with an exhaust gas cooler was simulated on this engine. Values of NOx emissions, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and brake efficiency have been obtained at different recirculation rate by calculation method. These values allow to estimate the feasibility of using a cooled EGR in a natural gas-fueled diesel engine.

Investigations of DI CI engine using algal particles contained coconut biodiesel

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Katam Ganesh Babu ◽  
A. Veeresh Babu ◽  
K. Madhu Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Engine Performance ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Greenhouse Emissions ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Ci Engine

Day to day increasing vehicles usage for human activities is caused to accumulate greenhouse emissions into the environment. The biodiesel is a best alternative fuel to run diesel engines. But its lower Calorific value and higher NOx emissions makes the consumer should compromise with engine performance and emission characteristics. As we know, that the use of additives to improve engine Combustion and emissions are caused to increase the fuel cost due to the higher cost of additives. The biodiesel conversion process of third generation biodiesel is costlier and required technological advancements for qualitative fuel. In the present work, the author used mixed culture micro algal particles in Coconut biodiesel (CCNME+AP) to improve engine characteristics. The Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) was enhanced, and the NOx emissions were less due to the absorption of heat in the Combustion chamber, it led to cool combustion phenomena with the Algal particles contained Coconut Biodiesel (CCNME+AP).

Investigations on Partial Addition of n-Butanol in Sunflower Oil Methyl Ester Powered Diesel Engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal V. Patil ◽  
Ranjit S. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Fuel ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

Research focused in the present paper to evaluate the combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of refined biodiesel (refined biofuel) such as sunflower oil methyl ester (SOME) with the partial addition of n-butanol (butanol) in it. Various characteristics of butanol–SOME blends with varying volume percentage of butanol such as 5, 10, 15, and 20 in butanol–SOME blends were compared with the characteristics of neat SOME (100%) and neat diesel (100%). It is investigated that with an increase in butanol content from 5% to 20% in butanol–SOME blends at full load condition, brake-specific fuel consumption, and NOx emissions were increased by 11% and 43%, respectively, while brake thermal efficiency (BTE) was decreased by 8%. At full load condition, for all the selected fuels hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were found to be negligible, i.e., less than 0.12 g/kWh. Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions at full load condition for the four butanol–SOME blends were observed to be four to six times more than observed CO emissions in case of neat SOME and neat diesel. Various characteristics of all the selected fuels were compared in order to finalize the promising alternate sustainable renewable fuel. Thus, study reports the solution for increase in demand and price of shortly diminishing conventional diesel fuel which is widely used for power generation and also to reduce the serious issues concerned with environmental pollution due to usage of neat diesel.

Effects of Intake Air Humidity on the NOX Emissions and Performance of a Light-Duty Diesel Engine

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Asad ◽  
Christopher Kelly ◽  
Meiping Wang ◽  
Jimi Tjong
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Emissions And Performance

The effects of intake air humidity on the performance of a turbo-charged 4-cylinder diesel engine have been investigated. The relative humidity of the intake charge was varied from 31 to 80% at a fixed ambient air temperature of 26°C. The intake humidity was controlled to within ±1% of the desired value by using a steam generator-equipped intake-air conditioning system. The tests were conducted at 3 load points (4.1, 9.1 and 15 bar BMEP) at engine speeds of 1500, 2500 and 3500 RPM without exhaust gas recirculation. The results indicate that increasing the intake air moisture leads to a reduction of 3∼14% in the NOX emissions for the tested conditions. The smoke was found to increase with speed but no significant increase in the smoke values was observed with the increased humidity. The CO and HC emissions were found to be largely insensitive to the humidity levels and were otherwise extremely low. The emissions have been analyzed on both the volumetric (ppm) and brake-specific basis to provide an insight into the effect of humidity on the quantitative results.

scholarly journals BIOFUEL AND HYDROGEN INFLUENCE FOR OPERATION PARAMETERS OF SPARK IGNITION ENGINE / BIODEGALŲ IR VANDENILIO ĮTAKA KIBIRKŠTINIO UŽDEGIMO VARIKLIO VEIKIMO RODIKLIAMS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 526-532
Author(s):  
Martynas Damaševičius ◽  
Alfredas Rimkus ◽  
Mindaugas Melaika ◽  
Jonas Matijošius
Keyword(s):  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Rate Of Heat Release ◽  
Ecological Parameters

Paper presents research of efficient and ecological parameters of gasoline engine working with biobuthanol (10% and 20% by volume) and addi-tionaly supplying oxygen and hydrogen (HHO) gas mixture (3.6 l/min), which was obtained from from water by electrolysis. Biobuthanol addition decreases rate of heat release, the combustion temperature and pressure are lower, which has an influence on lower nitrous oxide (NOx) emission in exhaust gases. However, biobuthanol increases carbon monoxide (CO) concentration. Biobuthanol fuel has a simplier molecular structure, therefore the concentration of HC in the exhaust gas is decreasing. Due to lower heating value of biobuthanol fuel and slower combustion process, the engine efficiency decreases and specific fuel consumptions increase. The change of engine energetical indicators due to biobuthanol, can be compensated with advanced ignition angle. Using experimental investigation, it was determined, that negative biobuthanol influence for the combustion process and engine efficient inicators can be compensated also by additional supplied HHO gas, in which the hydrogen element iprove fuel mixture com-bustion. Fuel combustion process analysis was carried out using AVL BOOST software. Experimental research and combustion process numerical simulation showed that using balanced biobuthanol and hydrogen addition, optimal efficient and ecological parameters could be achieved, when engine is working for petrol fuel typical optimal spark timing. Straipsnyje pateikiami kibirkštinio uždegimo variklio energinių ir ekologinių rodiklių tyrimo rezultatai, gauti varikliui veikiant benzino ir biobutanolio (10 % ir 20 % tūrio) mišiniais ir papildomai tiekiant elektrolizės būdu iš vandens išgautą deguonies ir vandenilio (HHO) dujų mišinį (3,6 l/min). Biobutanolio priedas mažina šilumos išsiskyrimo intensyvumą degimo metu, mažėja degimo temperatūra bei slėgis. Tai mažina azoto oksidų (NOx) koncentraciją, tačiau didina anglies viendeginio (CO) koncentraciją išmetamosiose dujose. Dėl paprastesnės biobutanolio molekulinės struktūros ne iki galo sudegusių angliavandenilių (CH) koncentracija deginiuose mažėja. Biobutanolis dėl mažes-nio šilumingumo ir lėtesnio degimo mažina variklio efektyvų sukimo momentą ir didina lyginamąsias degalų sąnaudas. Biobutano-lio paveiktus variklio energinius rodiklius galima iš dalies kompensuoti paankstinus uždegimo paskubos kampą. Eksperimentiniu tyrimu nustatyta, kad neigiamą biobutanolio priedo įtaką degalų degimo procesui ir variklio energiniams rodikliams galima kompensuoti papildomai tiekiant HHO dujas, kuriose esantis vandenilis greitina ir gerina degalų mišinių degimą. AVL BOOST programa atlikta degalų mišinių de-gimo proceso analizė. Įvertinus eksperimentinių tyrimų ir degimo proceso skaitinio modeliavimo rezultatus nustatyta, kad, naudojant sude-rintą biobutanolio ir vandenilio priedą, optimalūs energiniai ir ekologiniai rodikliai gali būti pasiekti varikliui veikiant benzinui optimaliu už-degimo paskubos kampu.

A Numerical Study to Control the Combustion Performance of a Syngas-Fueled HCCI Engine at Medium and High Loads Using Different Piston Bowl Geometry and Exhaust Gas Recirculation

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabbir Ali ◽  
Changup Kim ◽  
Yonggyu Lee ◽  
Seungmook Oh ◽  
Kiseong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Hcci Engine ◽  
Piston Bowl ◽  
Gas Recirculation

Abstract This study aims to analyze the effect of piston bowl geometry on the combustion and emission performance of the syngas-fueled homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine, which operates under lean air–fuel mixture conditions for power plant usage. Three different piston bowl geometries were used with a reduction of piston bowl depth and squish area ratio of the baseline piston bowl with the same compression ratio of 17.1. Additionally, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is used to control the maximum pressure rise rate (MPRR) of syngas-fueled HCCI engines. To simulate the combustion process at medium load (5 bar indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP)) and high loads of (8 and 10 bar IMEP), ansys forte cfd package was used, and the calculated results were compared with Aceves et al.’s Multi-zone HCCI model, using the same chemical kinetics set (Gri-Mech 3.0). All calculations were accomplished at maximum brake torque (MBT) conditions, by sweeping the air–fuel mixture temperature at the inlet valve close (TIVC). This study reveals that the TIVC of the air–fuel mixture and the heat loss rate through the wall are the main factors that influence combustion phasing by changing the piston bowl geometry. It also finds that although pistons B and C give high thermal efficiency, they cannot be used for the combustion process, due to the very high MPRR and NOx emissions. Even though the baseline piston shows high MPRR (23 bar/degree), it is reduced, and reveals an acceptable range of 10–12 bar/degree, using 30% EGR.

scholarly journals Numerical study of EGR effects on the combustion process parameters in HCCI engines

2011 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz JAMROZIK
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hcci Engine ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Hcci Engines ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
No Emissions

One of the main problems in the HCCI engine is the control and operation of the combustion process. At present the primary method of control of the combustion process in an HCCI engine system is EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation). The paper presents the results of three-dimensional modeling of combustion in a single-cylinder HCCI engine powered with DMEfuel with a cooled external EGR. 3D modeling was performed in A VL Fire code. This -work investigates the effects of EGR rate on the basic combustion parameters including start of the ignition (SOI), burn duration (BD), indicated pressure (pj and nitric oxide (NO) emissions. The modeling results show that increasing of the EGR rate in HCCI engine can delay the start of ignition (SOI) effectively and leads to a prolongation of the burn duration (BD). Delayed ignition in the HCCI engine through EGR, can provide similar performance (p) compared to conventional CI engine and at the same timeprovide a significant reduction in NOx emissions.

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