scholarly journals An In Vitro Evaluation of the Biocidal Effect of Oregano and Cloves’ Volatile Compounds against Microorganisms Colonizing an Oil Painting—A Pioneer Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Lucrezia Gatti ◽  
Federica Troiano ◽  
Violetta Vacchini ◽  
Francesca Cappitelli ◽  
Annalisa Balloi
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Biocidal Activity ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Oil Painting ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
Cleaning Methods

In this study, the biocidal activity of two plant derivatives (oregano and cloves’ essential oils—EOs) was evaluated, as a potential innovative and eco-friendly cleaning method for canvas paintings. The object of the study was the oil painting on canvas entitled “Studio di nudo” (Giovanni Maria Mossa, 1921), showing stains caused by microorganisms. The research focused on: (1) isolation and identification of microorganisms associated with discolorations on the obverse and reverse sides of the canvas; (2) evaluation of biocidal activity of selected EOs against fungal and bacterial collections. The phylogenetic identification was conducted with both cultivation and molecular methods. The canvas was mainly colonized by Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Cephaloteca fungal genera and by bacteria of the Bacillus genus. To evaluate the biocidal effect of the EOs’ volatile components only, an antibiogram assay (agar disc diffusion method) and a customized assay (named the contactless test) were conducted. Tested EOs showed antimicrobial activity on fungi and bacteria. However, compared to cloves, oregano EO exhibited a better inhibition activity both in contact and contactless tests. The work is pioneering for the use of EOs’ volatile compounds against oil painting biodeteriogens, and gives insights into possible extended, innovative and eco-friendly cleaning methods for painting control procedures.

scholarly journals Essential Oil from Leaves of Lantana canescens and L. lopez-palacii Grown in Colombia

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600
Author(s):  
Andrés F. Peralta-Bohórquez ◽  
Clara Quijano-Célis ◽  
Mauricio Gaviria ◽  
Consuelo Vanegas-López ◽  
Jorge A. Pino
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Enterobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

The chemical composition of the volatile compounds from the leaves of Lantana canescens Kunth (Verbenaceae) and L. lopez-palacii Moldenke grown in Colombia were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. One hundred and thirty-nine volatile compounds were identified in L. canescens, of which the major ones were β-caryophyllene (13.5%), germacrene D (10.3%) and 1-octen-3-ol (8.4%). In the oil obtained from L. lopez-palacii, eighty-three compounds were identified, of which the most prominent were 1-octen-3-ol (24.4%) and β-caryophyllene (15.2%). The in vitro antibacterial activity of the L. lopez-palacii essential oil was studied against three bacterial strains using the disc diffusion method. No antimicrobial activity was found against Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sakazakii and Listeria monocytogenes.

scholarly journals Anacardic acid derivatives from Brazilian propolis and their antibacterial activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. S. Silva ◽  
S. G. De Lima ◽  
E. H. Oliveira ◽  
J. A. D. Lopes ◽  
M. H. Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Dimethyl Disulfide ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Anacardic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Phenol Derivatives ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Brazilian Propolis

Propolis is a sticky, gummy, resinous substance collected by honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) from various plant sources, which has excellent medicinal properties. This paper describes the isolation and identification of triterpenoids and anacardic acid derivatives from Brazilian propolis and their antibacterial activity. Their structures were elucidated by ¹H and 13C NMR, including uni- and bidimensional techniques; in addition, comparisons were made with data from academic literature. These compounds were identified as: cardanols (1a + 1b), cardols (2a + 2b), monoene anacardic acid (3), a-amirine (4), b-amirine (5), cycloartenol (6), 24-methylene-cycloartenol (7) and lupeol (8). The determination of the position of the double bond after a reaction with Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) is described for the phenol derivatives. The ethanolic extract was tested in vitro for antimicrobial activity by using the disc diffusion method and it showed significant results against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella spp.

scholarly journals In vitro antibacterial effect of Euterpe oleracea Mart. and Theobroma grandiflorum hydroalcoholic extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lew Kan Sprenger ◽  
Elane Guerreiro Giese ◽  
Jeannie Nascimento Dos Santos ◽  
Marcelo Beltrão Molento
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea Mart

This study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of these species against strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The hydroalcoholic extracts were prepared from dried leaves, pulp and seeds of E. oleracea Mart. and T. grandiflorum by continuous percolation with 70% ethyl alcohol. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against four microorganisms by the agar disc diffusion method and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. The antimicrobial activity showed that the açai pulp and seeds possessed significant inhibition in Clostridium perfringens (320 and 640 MIC), Staphylococcus aureus (80 and 320 MIC) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (640 and 2560 MIC). Cupuassu extracts showed no effect on any bacteria. The use of açai extract products can be a sustainable, viable and an accessible alternative for antimicrobial treatment. New studies should be conducted to determine better results for acai herbals and new formulations of cupuassu extracts.

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chitosan from Scylla serrata Against the Human Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeetha B ◽  
Indra V ◽  
Abdul Rahim M ◽  
Venkadachalam E
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Crab Shell ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Chitosan, a polysaccharide derivative of chitin forms the structural components in the exoskeletons of crustacean animals and is also found in the cell walls of fungi. Chitosan is produced primarily from the crab shell waste through chemical means. The chemical structure of chitosan has been identified and characterized by FT-IR and XRD. In the current study, the antimicrobial activity of chemically deacetylated chitosan extracts of mud crabs (Scylla serrata) was evaluated against five human pathogenic isolates viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using agar disc diffusion method. These were performed to determine the crystallinity and functional properties of chitosan. The results showed that the antibacterial effect increased with increasing chitosan concentration. This study showed that chitosan isolated from crab shell has potential antibacterial activity therefore it can be utilized in the food and pharmaceutical industries, and that antibacterial activity may be due to functional groups present in the crab shell.

scholarly journals A study on Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in dairy cows

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Chandrasekaran ◽  
P. Venkatesan ◽  
K. G. Tirumurugaan ◽  
A. P. Nambi ◽  
P. S. Thirunavukkarasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Agar Disc

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a serious problem in dairy animals suffering from mastitis. The study was carried out to evaluate the incidence of Methicillin resistant S. aureus from clinical mastitis milk samples and their antibiotic resistance profile and characterised with respect to the molecular features that contributed to the resistance in these pathogens. Isolation and identification of Methicillin resistant S. aureus were performed from acute clinical mastitis samples. The isolates were tested using agar disc diffusion method for their antimicrobial susceptibility and modified resazurin assay micro dilution technique for MIC to 8 different antimicrobial drugs. A total of 235 clinical mastitis milk samples from dairy cows were cultured for incidence of S. aureus. Methicillin resistant S. aureus was isolated from a total of 12 (44.25%) of the 116 S. aureus samples. Based on the antimicrobial sensitivity and MIC results, MRSA isolates were found sensitive to gentamicin, enrofloxcain, amoxicillin+sulbactam, ceftriaxone and resistant to amoxicillin, oxytetracycline, penicillin G and oxacillin. Most of MRSA isolates were found to be multi-drug resistant. MRSA alert kit test and mecA and blaZ target gene PCR were found to be useful in the confirmation of MRSA.

In Vitro Culture-An Alternative Method for The Enhanced Production of Some Volatile Components of Ocimum Citriodorum Vis.

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamika Tripathi ◽  
N. S. Abbas ◽  
Amrita Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Nodal Explant ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
New Compounds

Ocimum plants are highly valued for their effective antibacterial, anti-fungal, antioxidant and therapeutic activities. These properties are attributed to some active metabolites. In order to enhance and develop an alternative source for the production of such active components, a comparative study was carried out. Composition of volatile organic compounds emitted by in vitro shoots, calli derived from leaf and nodal explant of Ocimum citriodorum Vis. were studied using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) and compared to those emitted by mother plants. Solvent extraction method was used for obtaining essential oils from the samples. Total 18 volatile compounds from the leaf extract of mother plant, 14 volatile compounds from the leaf extract of in vitro regenerated plants, 5 volatile compounds from the calli derived from leaf and 10 volatile compounds from the calli derived from nodal explant were identified. The content of nerol (2.44%) and geranylacetate (1.53%) was greater in in vitro regenerated plantlets than in comparison to mother plant (nerol- 0.88% and geranylacetate- 0.32%). Seven new compounds (isocaryophyllene, b-farnesene, b-himachalene, globulol, geranylformate, b-citronellylacetate, citronellylisobutyrate) were identified from the in vitro regenerated plants while six and three new compounds were identified from the calli derived from nodal explant (geraniol, trans-b-bergamotene, b-longipinene, bergamotene, geranylformate and b-citronellyacetate) and leaf (b-curcumene, trans-b-bergamotene, b-citronellol) respectively. From the present study, it can be concluded that in vitro propagated plants as well as calli derived from leaf and nodal segment may be used as an alternate source for the increased production of bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals The Chemical Compositions of Essential Oils Derived from Cryptocarya alba and Laurelia sempervirens Possess Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Antitumoral Activity Potential

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5600
Author(s):  
Jorge Touma ◽  
Myriam Navarro ◽  
Betsabet Sepúlveda ◽  
Alequis Pavon ◽  
Gino Corsini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Antitumoral Activity ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
Agar Disc

Cryptocarya alba (Peumo; CA) and Laurelia sempervirens (Laurel; LS) are herbs native to the Chilean highlands and have historically been used for medicinal purposes by the Huilliches people. In this work, the essential oils were extracted using hydrodistillation in Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by GC-MS to determine their composition. The antioxidant capacity (AC) was evaluated in vitro. The cytotoxicity was determined using cell line cultures both non tumoral and tumoral. The toxicity was determined using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against 52 bacteria using the agar disc diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined. The principal compounds found in C. alba essential oil (CA_EO) were α-terpineol (24.96%) and eucalyptol (21.63%) and were isazafrol (91.9%) in L. sempervirens essential oil (LS_EO). Both EOs showed antioxidant capacity in vitro. Both EO showed antibacterial activity against bacteria using. LS_EO showed more inhibitory effect on these cell lines respect to CA_EO. Both EOs showed toxicity against the nematode C.elegans at 3.12–50 mg/mL. The essential oils of CA and LS have an important bioactive potential in their antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxicity activity. Both essential oils could possibly be used in the field of natural medicine, natural food preservation, cosmetics, sanitation and plaguicides among others.

scholarly journals Facile Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities of Biscoumarin Copolyester Bearing Pendant 3-(Trifluoromethyl)Styrene

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendran Kandaswamy ◽  
Nanthini Raveendiran
Keyword(s):  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Inherent Viscosity ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Agar Disc

Synthesis of random biscoumarin copolyester bearing pendant 3-(trifluoromethyl)styrene was prepared by the reaction of biscoumarin monomer 3 and hydroquinone 5 with azeloyl chloride. The influence of pendant 3-(trifluoromethyl)styrene unit on the properties of copolyester such as inherent viscosity, solubility, and thermal stability was investigated and compared in detail. The inherent viscosity and polydispersity index of the copolyester were found to be 0.15 dL/g and 1.36, respectively. The chemical structure of the copolyester was investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. The physical properties of copolyester were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Agar disc diffusion method was employed to study the antimicrobial activity of the random copolyester. In vitro anticancer activity against lung cancer (Hep-2) cell line was also investigated.

scholarly journals POTENSI ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN JERUJU (Acanthus ilicifolius) TERHADAP Vibrio harveyi SECARA IN VITRO

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Saptiani ◽  
Slamet Budi Prayitno ◽  
Sutrisno Anggoro
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Harveyi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Acanthus Ilicifolius

Untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri dan konsentrasi optimal jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius), dilakukan uji daya hambat ekstrak dan fraksi daun terhadap pertumbuhan Vibrio harveyi, bakteri penyebab penyakit pada udang. Daun yang sudah dikeringanginkan diekstraksi dengan metanol, sehingga didapatkan ekstrak kasar (crude). Sebagian dari ekstrak kasar dilakukan fraksinasi dengan metode kolom silika gel dengan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, n-butanol, etanol, dan metanol. Uji daya hambat dilakukan dengan agar disc diffusion method. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah ekstrak kasar, fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat, n-butanol, etanol, dan metanol yang masing-masing konsentrasinya 50-1000 ppm, yang diberikan pada kultur V. harveyi pada media Triptic Soy Agar (TSA). Fraksi etil asetat menunjukkan daya hambat terbaik (12 mm), diikuti ekstrak (11,33 mm), dan fraksi n-butanol (11 mm).

scholarly journals In vitro antibacterial activity of several plant extracts against fish bacterial pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (Aquaculture) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Thi My Duyen Tran ◽  
Trong Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Thi Tuyet Hoa Tran
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

Crude methanol extract of 9 Vietnamese plants were in vitro screened for their antibacterial activity against three common freshwater fish pathogens including Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella ictaluri, and Streptococcus agalactiae. Agar disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity, then solvent extract was performed for the extracts which exhibited the strongest and a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was conducted for effective plant extracts using broth dilution method. The results indicated that most of the plant extracts exhibited antibacterial propeties to at least one tested bacterium. Headache tree (Premna corymbosa), bushwillows (Combretum quadrangulare) and Celandine spider flower (Cleome chelidonii) showed a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. The largest inhibitory zones of 35 mm and 21 mm were observed  for the extract of Premna corymbosa against E. ictaluri and S. agalactiae, respectively. E. ictaluri was found to be the most susceptible for all of the extracts while A. hydrophila was the most resistant. The MIC of effective plant extracts against tested bacteria ranged between 0.39 mg/mL and 3.125 mg/mL. The result can be considered for further investigation of the development of an alternative therapy against bacterial infection in aquaculture.

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