scholarly journals Comparison between Occlusal Errors of Single Posterior Crowns Adjusted Using Patient Specific Motion or Conventional Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 9140
Author(s):  
Ye-Chan Lee ◽  
Chunui Lee ◽  
June-Sung Shim ◽  
Ji-Man Park ◽  
Yooseok Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Occlusal Surface ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Map Analysis ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
A Current

Recently, digital technology has been used in dentistry to enhance accuracy and to reduce operative time. Due to advances in digital technology, the integration of individual mandibular motion into the mapping of the occlusal surface is being attempted. The Patient Specific Motion (PSM) is one such method. However, it is not clear whether the occlusal design that is adjusted using PSM could clinically show reduced occlusal error compared to conventional methods based on static occlusion. In this clinical comparative study including fifteen patients with a single posterior zirconia crown treatment, the occlusal surface after a clinical adjustment was compared to no adjustment (NA; design based on static occlusion), PSM (adjusted using PSM), and adjustment using a semi-adjustable articulator (SA) for the assessment of occlusal error. The root mean square (RMS; μm), average deviation value (±AVG; μm), and proportion inside the tolerance (in Tol; %) were calculated using the entire, subdivided occlusal surface and the out of tolerance area. Using a one-way ANOVA, the RMS and +AVG from the out of tolerance area showed a statistical difference between PSM (202.3 ± 39.8 for RMS, 173.1 ± 31.3 for +AVG) and NA (257.0 ± 73.9 for RMS, 210.9 ± 48.6 for +AVG). For the entire and subdivided occlusal surfaces, there were no significant differences. In the color-coded map analysis, PSM demonstrated a reduced occlusal error compared to NA. In conclusion, adjustment occlusal design using PSM is a simple and effective method for reducing occlusal errors that are difficult to identify in a current computer-aided design (CAD) workflow with static occlusion.

scholarly journals Accuracy Assessment of Molded, Patient-Specific Polymethylmethacrylate Craniofacial Implants Compared to Their 3D Printed Originals

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Chamo ◽  
Bilal Msallem ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Soheila Aghlmandi ◽  
Christoph Kunz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Craniofacial Implants ◽  
Aided Design

The use of patient-specific implants (PSIs) in craniofacial surgery is often limited due to a lack of expertise and/or production costs. Therefore, a simple and cost-efficient template-based fabrication workflow has been developed to overcome these disadvantages. The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of PSIs made from their original templates. For a representative cranial defect (CRD) and a temporo-orbital defect (TOD), ten PSIs were made from polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using computer-aided design (CAD) and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. These customized implants were measured and compared with their original 3D printed templates. The implants for the CRD revealed a root mean square (RMS) value ranging from 1.128 to 0.469 mm with a median RMS (Q1 to Q3) of 0.574 (0.528 to 0.701) mm. Those for the TOD revealed an RMS value ranging from 1.079 to 0.630 mm with a median RMS (Q1 to Q3) of 0.843 (0.635 to 0.943) mm. This study demonstrates that a highly precise duplication of PSIs can be achieved using this template-molding workflow. Thus, virtually planned implants can be accurately transferred into haptic PSIs. This workflow appears to offer a sophisticated solution for craniofacial reconstruction and continues to prove itself in daily clinical practice.

scholarly journals Patient-Specific Coronary Artery 3D Printing Based on Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography and Coronary Angiography

Complexity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxi Huang ◽  
Yisha Lan ◽  
Sirui Chen ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Xin Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Vessel Lumen ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

Despite the new ideas were inspired in medical treatment by the rapid advancement of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, there is still rare research work reported on 3D printing of coronary arteries being documented in the literature. In this work, the application value of 3D printing technology in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases has been explored via comparison study between the 3D printed vascular solid model and the computer aided design (CAD) model. In this paper, a new framework is proposed to achieve a 3D printing vascular model with high simulation. The patient-specific 3D reconstruction of the coronary arteries is performed by the detailed morphological information abstracted from the contour of the vessel lumen. In the process of reconstruction which has 5 steps, the morphological details of the contour view of the vessel lumen are merged along with the curvature and length information provided by the coronary angiography. After comparing with the diameter of the narrow section and the diameter of the normal section in CAD models and 3D printing model, it can be concluded that there is a high correlation between the diameter of vascular stenosis measured in 3D printing models and computer aided design models. The 3D printing model has high-modeling ability and high precision, which can represent the original coronary artery appearance accurately. It can be adapted for prevascularization planning to support doctors in determining the surgical procedures.

scholarly journals Computational Evaluation of Surgical Design for Multisegmental Complex Congenital Tracheal Stenosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Limin Zhu ◽  
Xiaolei Gong ◽  
Jinlong Liu ◽  
Youjin Li ◽  
Yumin Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tracheal Stenosis ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Congenital Tracheal Stenosis ◽  
Computational Evaluation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Aerodynamic Parameters ◽  
Aided Design

Multisegmental complex congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening malformation of the airway. Staged surgery is indicated for the complex pathophysiology of the abnormal trachea. Surgical intervention to fix the stenotic segments may result in different postoperative outcomes. However, only few studies reported the design of surgical correction for multisegmental CTS. We used computer-aided design (CAD) to simulate surgical correction under different schemes to develop a patient-specific tracheal model with two segmental stenoses. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to compare the outcomes of different designs. Aerodynamic parameters of the trachea were evaluated. An obvious interaction was found between the two segments of stenosis in different surgical designs. The surgical corrective order of stenotic segments greatly affected the aerodynamic parameters and turbulence flows downstream of tracheal stenosis and upstream of the bronchus. Patient-specific studies using CAD and CFD minimize the risk of staged surgical correction and facilitate quantitative evaluation of surgical design for multiple segments of complex CTS.

Optimal Sensor Design Using Patient-Specific Images

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhi Basati ◽  
Timothy J. Harris ◽  
Andreas A. Linninger
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Data ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Pathological Disease

In diseases such as hydrocephalus, the cerebral ventricles enlarge. The treatment options for these patients are presently based on pressure, which has limited capabilities. We present the design of a volume sensor as an alternative monitoring option. Through the use of computer aided design and simulation, we optimized a sensor in silico with fewer resources. Specifically, we designed a sensor for animal experimentation with a scalable procedure for human sensors. In this paper, we present a rational design approach for a sensor that integrates advances in medical imaging. Magnetic resonance data sets of both normal and diseased subjects were used as a virtual laboratory. Finite element simulations were performed under pathological disease states of the brain as a contribution toward an accelerated device design. An optimized sensor was then fabricated for these subjects based on the outcome of the simulations. In this paper, we explain how a computer aided subject-specific design was used to help fabricate and test our sensor.

scholarly journals Computer-Assisted Mandibular Reconstruction using a Patient-Specific Reconstruction Plate Fabricated with Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Techniques

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Wilde ◽  
Carl-Peter Cornelius ◽  
Alexander Schramm
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Mandibular Reconstruction ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Reconstruction Plate ◽  
Fibula Flap ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Five Axis

We investigated the workflow of computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction that was performed with a patient-specific mandibular reconstruction plate fabricated with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques and a fibula flap. We assessed the feasibility of this technique from virtual planning to the completion of surgery. Computed tomography (CT) scans of a cadaveric skull and fibula were obtained for the virtual simulation of mandibular resection and reconstruction using ProPlan CMF software (Materialise®/DePuy Synthes®). The virtual model of the reconstructed mandible provided the basis for the computer-aided design of a patient-specific reconstruction plate that was milled from titanium using a five-axis milling machine and CAM techniques. CAD/CAM techniques were used for producing resection guides for mandibular resection and cutting guides for harvesting a fibula flap. Mandibular reconstruction was simulated in a cadaveric wet laboratory. No problems were encountered during the procedure. The plate was fixed accurately to the residual bone without difficulty. The fibula segments were attached to the plate rapidly and reliably. The fusion of preoperative and postoperative CT datasets demonstrated high reconstruction precision. Computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction with CAD/CAM-fabricated patient-specific reconstruction plates appears to be a promising approach for mandibular reconstruction. Clinical trials are required to determine whether these promising results can be translated into successful practice and what further developments are needed.

An Investigation Report Ondigital Manufacturing of Orthoses

2013 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
pp. 689-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Hui Liu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Zhi Jian Wang ◽  
Guo Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Digital Manufacture ◽  
Investigation Report

Orthosesare important tools to help patients in rehabilitation andas well asfor theirself-care of disables in clinics. Traditionally, orthese are made manually, which is time consuming and error prone. Digital manufacturing of orthosescan significantly improve the efficiency and reduce lead time compared to tranditionalmethods.This paper attempts to conduct a review on theorthoses manufacturing method based on digital technology including Computer Aided Design (CAD), Comupter Aided Manufacture (CAM) and Reverse Engineering (RE) by examining state-of-the-art academic and industrial reserch.In this paper, the rationale behindthe development of orthoses manufacturing methodsbased on digital technologies isaddressed firstly, followed by adescription ofthecharateristicsofideal orthoses manufacturing methods. Next, some selectedresearchesindigitalorthoses manufacturing in terms of patents and academic papers isreviewedand evaluated against criteria foridealorthese manufacture. Finally thetrend of digital manufacture of ortheseisdiscussed and summarized.

scholarly journals Evolution of design considerations in complex craniofacial reconstruction using patient-specific implants

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (6) ◽  
pp. 509-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Peel ◽  
Satyajeet Bhatia ◽  
Dominic Eggbeer ◽  
Daniel S Morris ◽  
Caroline Hayhurst
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Patient Case ◽  
Computer Aided Manufacturing ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

Previously published evidence has established major clinical benefits from using computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, and additive manufacturing to produce patient-specific devices. These include cutting guides, drilling guides, positioning guides, and implants. However, custom devices produced using these methods are still not in routine use, particularly by the UK National Health Service. Oft-cited reasons for this slow uptake include the following: a higher up-front cost than conventionally fabricated devices, material-choice uncertainty, and a lack of long-term follow-up due to their relatively recent introduction. This article identifies a further gap in current knowledge – that of design rules, or key specification considerations for complex computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing/additive manufacturing devices. This research begins to address the gap by combining a detailed review of the literature with first-hand experience of interdisciplinary collaboration on five craniofacial patient case studies. In each patient case, bony lesions in the orbito-temporal region were segmented, excised, and reconstructed in the virtual environment. Three cases translated these digital plans into theatre via polymer surgical guides. Four cases utilised additive manufacturing to fabricate titanium implants. One implant was machined from polyether ether ketone. From the literature, articles with relevant abstracts were analysed to extract design considerations. In all, 19 frequently recurring design considerations were extracted from previous publications. Nine new design considerations were extracted from the case studies – on the basis of subjective clinical evaluation. These were synthesised to produce a design considerations framework to assist clinicians with prescribing and design engineers with modelling. Promising avenues for further research are proposed.

scholarly journals Study of Morpho-Geometric Variables to Improve the Diagnosis in Keratoconus with Mild Visual Limitation

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Cavas-Martínez ◽  
Daniel Fernández-Pacheco ◽  
Francisco Cañavate ◽  
Jose Velázquez-Blázquez ◽  
Jose Bolarín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spatial Profile ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Geometric Variables ◽  
Aided Design

The validation of new methods for the diagnosis of incipient cases of Keratoconus (KC) with mild visual limitation is of great interest in the field of ophthalmology. During the asymmetric progression of the disease, the current diagnostic indexes do not record the geometric decompensation of the corneal curvature nor the variation of the spatial profile that occurs in singular points of the cornea. The purpose of this work is to determine the structural characterization of the asymmetry of the disease by using morpho-geometric parameters in KC eyes with mild visual limitation including using an analysis of a patient-specific virtual model with the aid of computer-aided design (CAD) tools. This comparative study included 80 eyes of patients classified as mild KC according to the degree of visual limitation and a control group of 122 eyes of normal patients. The metric with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was the posterior apex deviation. The most prominent correlation was found between the anterior and posterior deviations of the thinnest point for the mild keratoconic cases. This new custom computational approach provides the clinician with a three-dimensional view of the corneal architecture when the visual loss starts to impair.

scholarly journals Additively manufactured versus conventionally pressed cranioplasty implants: An accuracy comparison

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (9) ◽  
pp. 949-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Peel ◽  
Dominic Eggbeer ◽  
Hanna Burton ◽  
Hayley Hanson ◽  
Peter L Evans
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Uk National Health Service ◽  
Similar Accuracy ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Aided Design

This article compared the accuracy of producing patient-specific cranioplasty implants using four different approaches. Benchmark geometry was designed to represent a cranium and a defect added simulating a craniectomy. An ‘ideal’ contour reconstruction was calculated and compared against reconstructions resulting from the four approaches –‘conventional’, ‘semi-digital’, ‘digital – non-automated’ and ‘digital – semi-automated’. The ‘conventional’ approach relied on hand carving a reconstruction, turning this into a press tool, and pressing titanium sheet. This approach is common in the UK National Health Service. The ‘semi-digital’ approach removed the hand-carving element. Both of the ‘digital’ approaches utilised additive manufacturing to produce the end-use implant. The geometries were designed using a non-specialised computer-aided design software and a semi-automated cranioplasty implant-specific computer-aided design software. It was found that all plates were clinically acceptable and that the digitally designed and additive manufacturing plates were as accurate as the conventional implants. There were no significant differences between the additive manufacturing plates designed using non-specialised computer-aided design software and those designed using the semi-automated tool. The semi-automated software and additive manufacturing production process were capable of producing cranioplasty implants of similar accuracy to multi-purpose software and additive manufacturing, and both were more accurate than handmade implants. The difference was not of clinical significance, demonstrating that the accuracy of additive manufacturing cranioplasty implants meets current best practice.

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