scholarly journals Inhibitory Potential of Mangiferin on Glucansucrase Producing Streptococcus mutans Biofilm in Dental Plaque

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8297
Author(s):  
Promise M. Emeka ◽  
Lorina I. Badger-Emeka ◽  
Hairul-Islam M. Ibrahim ◽  
Krishnaraj Thirugnanasambantham ◽  
Jamal Hussen
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Glucan Synthesis

Glucansucrase secreted by Streptococcus mutans and composed of virulence genes alters oral microbiota, creating adherent environment for structural bacteria colony forming dental biofilm. The present investigation studied the inhibitory and binding potentials of mangiferin against S. mutans and its enzyme glucansucrase implicated in biofilm formation. Antibacterial activity against planktonic S. mutans was carried out. Using reverse transcription PCR, the expression of crucial virulence genes, gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, gbpB, and comDE were determined. The effect of mangiferin on teeth surfaces biofilm was ascertained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Docking analysis of S. mutans glucansucrase and mangiferin revealed the binding energy of −7.35 and ten hydrogen interactions. Antibacterial study revealed that mangiferin was not lethal to planktonic S. mutans, but a concentration-dependent inhibition of glucansucrase activity was observed. The inhibitory effect of water-insoluble glucan synthesis was apparently more marked relative to water-soluble glucan synthesis attenuation. Mangiferin significantly downregulated the expression of the virulence genes, indicating a mechanism involving glucanotranferases, specifically inhibiting colony formation by attenuating bacterial adherence. SEM images revealed that S. mutans biofilm density was scanty in mangiferin treated teeth compared to non-treated control teeth. Our data therefore suggest that mangiferin inhibited S. mutans biofilms formation by attenuating glucansucrase activities without affecting bacteria growth.

scholarly journals Streptococcus mutans Dextransucrase: Functioning of Primer Dextran and Endogenous Dextranase in Water-Soluble and Water-Insoluble Glucan Synthesis

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 637-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg R. Germaine ◽  
Susan K. Harlander ◽  
Woon-Lam S. Leung ◽  
Charles F. Schachtele
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Insoluble Glucan ◽  
Glucan Synthesis

scholarly journals Effects of resveratrol on cariogenic virulence properties of Streptococcus mutans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinheng Li ◽  
Tiantian Wu ◽  
Weiwei Peng ◽  
yaqin zhu
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Virulence Gene Expression ◽  
Virulence Properties

Abstract Background: Streptococcus mutans is the principal etiological agent of human dental caries. The major virulence factors of S. mutans are acid production, acid tolerance, extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) synthesis and biofilm formation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of resveratrol, a natural compound, on virulence properties of S. mutans . Results: Resveratrol at sub-MIC levels significantly decreased acid production and acid tolerance, inhibited synthesis of water-soluble polysaccharide and water-insoluble polysaccharide, compromised biofilm formation. Related virulence gene expression ( ldh, relA, gtfC, comDE ) was down-regulated with increasing concentrations of resveratrol. Conclusions : Resveratrol has an inhibitory effect on S. mutans cariogenic virulence properties and it represents a promising anticariogenic agent. Keywords : resveratrol, Streptococcus mutans , acidogenicity, aciduricity, extracellular polysaccharide, biofilm

scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of extract from chewing gum containing mutastein on insoluble glucan synthesis and cellular adherence to glass wall of Streptococcus mutans.

1987 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Yasunori NAKAMURA ◽  
Haruhiro KUWASHIMA ◽  
Hiroyoshi IWASAKI ◽  
Yoshio ITOH ◽  
Taizo MASUHARA
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Glass Wall ◽  
Insoluble Glucan ◽  
Glucan Synthesis

scholarly journals Effects of resveratrol on cariogenic virulence properties of Streptococcus mutans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinheng Li ◽  
Yaqin Zhu ◽  
Tiantian Wu ◽  
Weiwei Peng
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Virulence Gene Expression ◽  
Virulence Properties

Abstract Background: Streptococcus mutans is the principal etiological agent of human dental caries. The major virulence factors of S. mutans are acid production, acid tolerance, extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) synthesis and biofilm formation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of resveratrol, a natural compound, on virulence properties of S. mutans . Methods: The effect of resveratrol on acidogenicity was investigated by pH drop and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, on aciduricity through survival rate at pH 5.0 and F-ATPase assay, on EPS synthesis (including water-soluble polysaccharide and water-insoluble polysaccharide) by quantitative measurement, on biofilm formation by crystal violet assay and structure observation. The expression of related virulence genes was also detected . Results: Resveratrol at sub-MIC levels can significantly decrease acid production, acid tolerance, EPS synthesis and biofilm formation. Related virulence gene expression ( ldh , relA , gtfC , comDE ) was down-regulated with increasing concentrations of resveratrol. Conclusion: Resveratrol has an inhibitory effect on S. mutans cariogenic virulence properties and it represents a promising anticariogenic agent .

scholarly journals Functional Analyses of a Conserved Region in Glucosyltransferases of Streptococcus mutans

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 4797-4803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-San Chia ◽  
Czau-Siung Yang ◽  
Jen-Yang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Single Mutation ◽  
Insoluble Glucan ◽  
Conserved Region ◽  
Glucan Synthesis

ABSTRACT Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferases (GTFs; GtfB, -C, and -D) synthesize water-soluble and -insoluble glucan polymers from sucrose. We have identified previously a conserved region of 19 amino acids (aa) (Gtf-P1; aa 409 to 427 of GtfB and aa 435 to 453 of GtfC) which is functionally important for both enzymatic activity and bacterial adherence. Monoclonal antibodies directed against Gtf-P1 selectively inhibited insoluble glucan synthesis by GtfB and -C but had no effect on soluble glucan synthesis by GtfD, suggesting that despite an apparent near identity of sequence, corresponding residues may function differently in these enzymes. To test this hypothesis, we used different strategies of mutagenesis to analyze amino acid residues of GtfB and GtfC in Gtf-P1. In-frame insertion of 6 amino acids preceding, or deletion of 14 amino acids within, this conserved region abolished the enzymatic activities of both GtfB and GtfC. Substitution of several residues in combination by random mutagenesis resulted in GtfB, but not GtfC, enzymes exhibiting decreased glucan synthesis and reduced rates of sucrose hydrolysis. Amino acid substitutions of Asp residues in GtfB or GtfC were found to be more critical for enzymatic activity than at other positions of this region. Interestingly, single mutation at Asp411 or Asp413 of GtfB resulted in enzymes retaining about 20% of wild-type activity, whereas mutagenesis of the corresponding Asp at position 437 or 439 in GtfC resulted in complete loss of enzymatic activity. Furthermore, single amino acid substitution of a Val residue between the two Asp residues enhanced the sucrase- and glucan-synthesizing activities of GtfB and GtfC. These results confirmed the report from another laboratory that Asp residues in the Gtf-P1 region are essential for enzymatic catalysis and provide new evidence that identical residues may function differently in closely related Gtf enzymes.

Regulation of water‐soluble glucan synthesis by the Streptococcus mutans dexA gene effects biofilm aggregation and cariogenic pathogenicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yang ◽  
Mengying Mao ◽  
Lei Lei ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Jiaxin Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Glucan Synthesis

scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of oleate on glucan synthesis of Streptococcus mutans

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-661
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Fukui ◽  
Takafumi Moriyama ◽  
Yoichiro Miyake ◽  
Ryuzo Nogami ◽  
Kohmei Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Glucan Synthesis

scholarly journals Effects of resveratrol on cariogenic virulence properties of Streptococcus mutans

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinheng Li ◽  
Tiantian Wu ◽  
Weiwei Peng ◽  
Yaqin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Virulence Gene Expression ◽  
Virulence Properties

Abstract Background: Streptococcus mutans is the principal etiological agent of human dental caries. The major virulence factors of S. mutans are acid production, acid tolerance, extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) synthesis and biofilm formation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of resveratrol, a natural compound, on virulence properties of S. mutans . Methods: The effect of resveratrol on acidogenicity was investigated by pH drop and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, on aciduricity through survival rate at pH 5.0 and F-ATPase assay, on EPS synthesis (including water-soluble polysaccharide and water-insoluble polysaccharide) by quantitative measurement, on biofilm formation by crystal violet assay and structure observation. The expression of related virulence genes was also detected . Results: Resveratrol at sub-MIC levels can significantly decrease acid production, acid tolerance, EPS synthesis and biofilm formation. Related virulence gene expression ( ldh , relA , gtfC , comDE ) was down-regulated with increasing concentrations of resveratrol. Conclusion: Resveratrol has an inhibitory effect on S. mutans cariogenic virulence properties and it represents a promising anticariogenic agent .

scholarly journals Cariogenic Biofilm: Pathology-Related Phenotypes and Targeted Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1311
Author(s):  
Xiuqin Chen ◽  
Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri ◽  
Akanksha Tyagi ◽  
Deog-Hwan Oh
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Extracellular Polymers ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Cariogenic Biofilm

The initiation and development of cariogenic (that is, caries-related) biofilms are the result of the disruption of homeostasis in the oral microenvironment. There is a daily accumulation of dental biofilm on the surface of teeth and its matrix of extracellular polymers supports the host in its defense against invading microbes, thus helping to achieve oral microbial homeostasis. However, the homeostasis can be broken down under certain circumstances such as during long-term exposure to a low pH environment which results in the dominance of acidogenic and acid-tolerating species in the dental biofilm and, thus, triggers the shift of harmless biofilm to an acidic one. This work aims to explore microbial diversity and the quorum sensing of dental biofilm and their important contributions to oral health and disease. The complex and multispecies ecosystems of the cariogenic biofilm pose significant challenges for the modulation of the oral microenvironment. Promising treatment strategies are those that target cariogenic niches with high specificity without disrupting the balance of the surrounding oral microbiota. Here, we summarized the recent advances in modulating cariogenic biofilm and/or controlling its pathogenic traits.

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