scholarly journals Bite and Sight: Is There a Correlation? Clinical Association between Dental Malocclusion and Visual Disturbances in Pediatric Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5913
Author(s):  
Cristina Grippaudo ◽  
Patricia Valerio ◽  
Cristiana Romeo ◽  
Fabiana Fiasca ◽  
Vincenzo Quinzi
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Ocular Motility ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Ocular Disorders ◽  
Visual Defects ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Visual Disturbances

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between malocclusions and visual defects. This is a case-control study evaluating the prevalence of visual defects in patients with different types of malocclusions. Methods: One-hundred and sixty patients aged from 5 to 14 were evaluated using the ROMA index to detect malocclusion; the ones with the lowest scores were used as the control group. They were also submitted to visual-capacity inspection for motility and refractive disorders. Results: Our work showed an enhanced prevalence of refractive defects or fusional vergence defects and alteration of eye movements (especially the saccades) in almost all dental malocclusions. Statistics: The Kappa test values for ROMA index were between 0.643 and 1.00 for the intraoperator agreement (0.00 < p < 0.002) and between 0.773 and 1.00 for the agreement between operators (p = 0 < 0.001). The statistically significance level for the correlation malocclusion/visual defects was set at p < 0.05. Statistical analyses were performed with the STATA software (version 15.0, Stata Corp LP, College Station, TX, USA). Conclusion: Considering the high level of the statistical analysis and the accuracy of the methodology used, these data allows the establishment of a huge correlation between sagittal, transversal and vertical malocclusions with ocular disorders (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and ocular motility defects).

scholarly journals Effect of Skill Related Training on Skill Performance among Volleyball Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-05
Author(s):  
S.SATHISH KUMAR ◽  
G.Vinod KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Skill Performance ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Science College ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Passing Ability ◽  
Static Group ◽  
Experimental Group

Initially called 'Mintonette', the sport of volleyball was designed in 1895 by William G Morgan, in Holyoke, Massachusetts at a YMCA. The modern volleyball is highly specialized in almost all the major skills of volleyball. It is a sport for young and old for men and women. The character of volleyball is altogether not quite the same as that of different games discipline. In order to find the effect of skill related training on skill performance among volleyball players. To find the skill performance the study is being framed. Total 40 students from YMCA College of physical education and Nandanam Arts and Science College, Chennai, has taken as samples for the study and 12 weeks of training have given for 5 days a week. With the help of various literatures for Skill related training the training is being framed. For Skill related variables the following Test were conducted- Russel Lange Volleyball Test for Serving Ability, Brady Volleyball Test for attacking ability, Helman Volleyball (forearm) Test for forearm/dig passing and Helman Volleyball (Face pass/overhead pass) Test. To compare the skill related performance of volleyball player’s independent t-test will be employed. The significance level will be set as p<0.05. For Experimental Design the static group comparison design was used for the study. To compare the selected skill related variables ANCOVA is being used at the significant level of 0.05. It is concluded that the effect of skill related training for volleyball players has improved the Attacking ability, serving ability, Forearm and Overhead passing ability significantly. It is concluded that the Experimental group was significantly improved than the control group.

scholarly journals The technostress: Its influence in the learning environment related to the use of information technologies

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Pedro Alfonso Guadalupe Ortiz-Sánchez ◽  
Patricia Sánchez-Iturbe ◽  
Pedro T. Ortiz-y Ojeda ◽  
Rosy Ilda Basave-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

This educational research is carried out to know and rate the level of technostress that the students of bachelor degree may have in order to analyze the presence of this factor of psychosocial risk and its relation to the degree of dropping out and failing that is currently presented. This is accomplished with the objective of the TecNM, of being an institution for the integral formation of competent professionals, and for the implementation of the necessary learning strategies for its achievement. A questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha: 0.913) was designed and administrated to students of 2 different programs, one of them with the obligatory use of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies), who during their training use ICT in almost all their subjects. The other was the control group composed of students who use ICT not that often. The applied survey tries to find out positive and negative aspects related to the use of technologies such as attitude, efficiency and anxiety. The initial results show little differences between the two programs, high level of addiction and anxiety which could be a matter to be considered within options to improve or design alternatives to avoid its development, so that it doesn’t influence the raising of indicated rates.

scholarly journals Representation of real-world event schemas during narrative perception

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Baldassano ◽  
Uri Hasson ◽  
Kenneth A. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Situation Model ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

AbstractUnderstanding movies and stories requires maintaining a high-level situation model that abstracts away from perceptual details to describe the location, characters, actions, and causal relationships of the currently unfolding event. These models are built not only from information present in the current narrative, but also from prior knowledge about schematic event scripts, which describe typical event sequences encountered throughout a lifetime. We analyzed fMRI data from 44 human subjects presented with sixteen three-minute stories, consisting of four schematic events drawn from two different scripts (eating at a restaurant or going through the airport). Aside from this shared script structure, the stories varied widely in terms of their characters and storylines, and were presented in two highly dissimilar formats (audiovisual clips or spoken narration). One group was presented with the stories in an intact temporal sequence, while a separate control group was presented with the same events in scrambled order. Regions including the posterior medial cortex, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and superior frontal gyrus exhibited schematic event patterns that generalized across stories, subjects, and modalities. Patterns in mPFC were also sensitive to overall script structure, with temporally scrambled events evoking weaker schematic representations. Using a Hidden Markov Model, patterns in these regions can predict the script (restaurant vs. airport) of unlabeled data with high accuracy, and can be used to temporally align multiple stories with a shared script. These results extend work on the perception of controlled, artificial schemas in human and animal experiments to naturalistic perception of complex narrative stimuli.Significance StatementIn almost all situations we encounter in our daily lives, we are able to draw on our schematic knowledge about what typically happens in the world to better perceive and mentally represent our ongoing experiences. In contrast to previous studies that investigated schematic cognition using simple, artificial associations, we measured brain activity from subjects watching movies and listening to stories depicting restaurant or airport experiences. Our results reveal a network of brain regions that is sensitive to the shared temporal structure of these naturalistic situations. These regions abstract away from the particular details of each story, activating a representation of the general type of situation being perceived.

scholarly journals Ring Shaped Cataract and Urinary Metabolites Among 2,4,6-trinitrotoulene Exposed Population of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidra Sarwat ◽  
Ambreen Akhtar ◽  
Syeda Fizza Abdud Dayan ◽  
Najma Shaheen ◽  
Humna Shahid Durrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Urine Metabolites ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Safety protocols are usually neglected among most of the TNT exposed population, therefore, rendering the community prone to various occupational hazards. The current study highlights ring shaped cataract and urinary metabolites of TNT among TNT exposed population (n=26) against a control group (n=20).Methods: An observational case-control study was carried out in two groups: 300 subjects exposed to TNT in Dir and Bajour Agency, Pakistan and a control group from the base hospital. We determined the presence of ring shaped cataract and urine metabolites of TNT using slit lamp biomicroscope and gas chromatography mass spectrometric analysis respectively.Results: Results substantiate a high level of urine metabolites for exposed subjects compared to the control group (p<0.001). Age had no significant effect on (p>0.05) on presence of ring shaped cataract and the level of urinary metabolites of TNT, while duration of exposure showed significant effect (p<0.001). Females showed high incidence of ring shaped cataract and urinary metabolites of TNT than men ( p<0.001). The mean age of the exposed subjects was 51±14.38 (Mean+SD) years. The mean year of exposure was 49±5 (Mean+SD) years,Conclusion: This study showed TNT as a risk factor for the presence of ring-shaped cataract among TNT exposed group in Pakistan. It is important to screen exposed community for the presence of ring-shaped cataract, and pre-clinical identification of TNT adducts to prevent systemic complications.

scholarly journals Oral and maxillofacial trauma in patients with epilepsy: prospective study based on an outpatient population

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Ruocco Nonato ◽  
Moacir Alves Borges
Keyword(s):  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Maxillofacial Trauma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Tooth Avulsion ◽  
The Face ◽  
Edentulous Patients ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate oral and maxillofacial trauma caused by falls during epileptic seizures. METHOD: A prospective case-control study was carried out among patients recruited from both the Epileptic Outpatient Clinic and the Emergency Room of Hospital de Base during 2006. The study group was composed of patients with epilepsy that had been diagnosed by a specialist. Oral and maxillofacial trauma was diagnosed using a questionnaire together with physical and radiographic examinations. A control group was formed from non-epileptic relatives or neighbors of the patients. The two groups were compared with regard to the number and type of oral and maxillofacial trauma events suffered. Odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval, dependency analysis and the Pearson c² test were used for statistical analysis, and the significance level was set at p≤0.05. RESULTS: A total of 159 patients with epilepsy (91 males; 57.3%) and 68 control individuals (28 males; 41.1%) were enrolled in the study. The frequencies of oromaxillary trauma in the study and control groups were 23.9% and 4.4%, respectively. Generalized tonic-clonic, generalized and non-classified seizures were strongly associated with trauma. The commonest lesions were fractures of dental tooth crowns (32.9%), followed by tooth avulsion (7.6%), tooth luxation (5%) and fracturing of prostheses in edentulous patients (3.8%). CONCLUSION: This work shows that injuries to the face and teeth are statistically more common in patients with epilepsy than in the general population, and that individuals who suffer seizures without aura are the most affected.

scholarly journals Prediction of intraperitoneal adhesions using striae gravidarum and scar characteristics in women undergoing repeated cesarean sections

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elprince ◽  
Omima T. Taha ◽  
Zakia M. Ibrahim ◽  
Rasha E. Khamees ◽  
Mahmoud A. Greash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cesarean Scar ◽  
Intraperitoneal Adhesions ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The current fact of increasing rates of cesarean deliveries is a catastrophe. Recurrent cesareans result in intraperitoneal adhesions that would lead to maternal morbidity during delivery. Great efforts are directed towards the prediction of intraperitoneal adhesions to provide the best care for laboring women. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the role of abdominal striae and cesarean scar characters in the prediction of intraperitoneal adhesions. Methods This was a case- control study conducted in the emergency ward of the obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary hospital from June to December 2019. The study was carried on patients admitted to the ward fulfilling particular inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study included two groups, group one was assessed for the presence of striae, and the degree of intraperitoneal adhesions was evaluated during the current cesarean section. Group two included patients without evidence of abdominal striae. They were evaluated for the severity of adhesions also after evaluation of the previous scar. Evaluation of the striae was done using Davey’s scoring system. The scar was assessed using the Vancouver Scar Scale. The modified Nair’s scoring system was used to evaluate intraperitoneal adhesions. Results The study group included 203 women, while the control group included 205 women. There were significant differences in the demographic characters of the recruited patients (p-value 0.001 for almost all variables). The mean Davey score in those with mild, moderate, and severe striae was 1.82 ± 0.39, 3.57 ± 0.5, and 6.73 ± 0.94, respectively (p-value < 0.001). Higher scores for the parameters of the Vancouver scale were present in patients with severe striae (1.69 ± 1.01, 1.73 ± 0.57, 2.67 ± 1.23, and 1.35 ± 1.06 for scar vascularity, pigmentation, pliability, and height respectively with a p-value of < 0.001 each). Thick intraperitoneal adhesions were noted significantly in women with severe striae [21 (43.75%), p-value < 0.001)]. The Davey’s and Vancouver scores showed highly significant predictive performance in the prediction of intraperitoneal adhesions (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion Abdominal striae and cesarean scar were significant predictors for intraperitoneal adhesions.

scholarly journals Prediction of intraperitoneal adhesions using striae gravidarum and scar characteristics in women undergoing repeated cesarean sections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elprince ◽  
Omima Tharwat Taha ◽  
rasha khamees ◽  
khaled atwa ◽  
Ahmed gadallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cesarean Scar ◽  
Intraperitoneal Adhesions ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: The current fact of increasing rates of cesarean deliveries is a catastrophe. Recurrent cesareans result in intraperitoneal adhesions that would lead to maternal morbidity during delivery. Great efforts are directed towards the prediction of intraperitoneal adhesions to provide the best care for laboring women. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the role of abdominal striae and cesarean scar characters in the prediction of intraperitoneal adhesions.Methods: This was a case- control study conducted in the emergency ward of the obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary hospital from June to December 2019. The study was carried on patients admitted to the ward fulfilling particular inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study included two groups, group one was assessed for the presence of striae, and the degree of intraperitoneal adhesions was evaluated during the current cesarean section. Group two included patients without evidence of abdominal striae. They were evaluated for the severity of adhesions also after evaluation of the previous scar. Evaluation of the striae was done using Davey's scoring system. The scar was assessed using the Vancouver Scar Scale. The modified Nair's scoring system was used to evaluate intraperitoneal adhesions.Results: The study group included 203 women, while the control group included 205 women. There were significant differences in the demographic characters of the recruited patients (p-value 0.001 for almost all variables). The mean Davey score in those with mild, moderate, and severe striae was 1.82 ± 0.39, 3.57 ± 0.5, and 6.73 ± 0.94, respectively (p-value <0.001). Higher scores for the parameters of the Vancouver scale were present in patients with severe striae (1.69 ± 1.01, 1.73 ± 0.57, 2.67 ± 1.23, and 1.35 ± 1.06 for scar vascularity, pigmentation, pliability, and height respectively with a p-value of <0.001 each). Thick intraperitoneal adhesions were noted significantly in women with severe striae [21 (43.75%), p-value <0.001)]. The Davey's and Vancouver scores showed highly significant predictive performance in the prediction of intraperitoneal adhesions (p-value < 0.001).Conclusion: Abdominal striae and cesarean scar were significant predictors for intraperitoneal adhesions.

scholarly journals Do HIV patients have mandibular osteoporotic alterations? A mandibular cortical index case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Nagai ◽  
Lucas Morita ◽  
Luciana Munhoz ◽  
Emiko Arita
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Cortical Index ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Mandibular Cortical Index

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate mandibular osteoporotic alterations in patients with HIV infection in comparison to non-HIV-infected patients using panoramic radiographs. Material and Methods: 26 HIV-infected patients and 142 non-HIV-infected patients (control group) were included in this study. Panoramic radiographs of the participants were assessed considering mandibular cortical index (MCI). Non-parametric comparisons between groups were performed, using Mann-Whitney test, at a level significance level of p= 0.05. Results: HIV-infected patients presented lower bone mineral density (BMD) at mandible, assessed by MCI in panoramic radiographs when compared to non-HIV-infected patients. The medication intake of HIV-infected patients was highly heterogeneous and could not be associated to the low BMD presented in the mandibular cortex. Conclusions:  HIV-infected patients may present lower mandibular BMD than non-HIV-infected patients.   Keywords Panoramic radiograph; osteoporosis; bone mineral density; HIV.

scholarly journals Penile Dimensions of Diabetic and Nondiabetic Men With Erectile Dysfunction: A Case–Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Salama
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Retrospective Data Analysis ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Control Study

This study aimed to report penile dimensions in diabetic and nondiabetic men with erectile dysfunction (ED) and correlate their dimensions with other study variables. A case–control study was designed through retrospective data analysis of diabetic and nondiabetic patients consulting for ED and a control group ( n = 105, each group). Study data retrieved included history, clinical evaluation, and penile dimensions (pendulous length [PL], total length [TL], and circumference [CF]) at flaccid and erect states. Results identified that patients had lower values (mean, cm) for almost all penile dimensions. The diabetic patients identified significant differences in most dimensions, whether in flaccid (PL: 7.46 vs. 7.51 and 7.81, p = .11; TL: 11.8 vs. 12.77 and 12.88, p = .000; CF: 8.84 vs. 9.1 and 9.14, p = .016) or erect state (PL: 9.66 vs. 9.61 and 10, p = .092; TL: 13.96 vs. 14.88 and 15.04, p = .000; CF: 11.56 vs. 12.06 and 11.92, p = .018) as compared with the nondiabetic patients and controls, respectively. No significant correlation was detected between the dimensions and age, durations of diabetes and ED, or erectile function scores. In conclusion, diabetic and nondiabetic patients with ED presented, in varying degrees, significant decline in their penile dimensions, and this was more prevalent in diabetic patients. As changes in penile size could be a silent corollary of comorbidities, monitoring the changes in penile dimensions should be an important component of the clinical checkup of any patient with ED, especially a diabetic patient.

scholarly journals Acrochordons and diabetes mellitus: A Case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Pratistha Shrestha ◽  
Y Poudyal ◽  
S L Rajbhandari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Skin Tags ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dermatologic Disease ◽  
And Control ◽  
Early Diagnosis Of Diabetes ◽  
Control Study

Background: Acrochordons (Skin tags) are common benign skin tumors usually occurring on the neck and major flexors of older people. These range in size from 1 mm to 1cm in diameter and are skin colored or brownish. A possible association with diabetes mellitus has been suggested in previous studies, but the result is not conclusive. Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out the association of diabetes mellitus with acrochordons. Material and Methods: One hundred and two patients were selected for the study. Among them 51 (males-23 and females-28) with acrochordons were taken as cases and 51 with other dermatologic disease after matching age and sex were taken as controls. The patients were selected from OPD of Department of Dermatology and Venereology in Universal College of Medical Sciences - Teaching Hospital (UCMS-TH). Blood glucose level including both fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour  post-glucose  load  were  determined  for  both  case  and  control  and  compared. Results: Patients with acrochordons had significantly higher frequency of diabetes than the control group (p<0.001). Total of 48.5% and 40% of patients with acrochordons having diabetes were obese and overweight respectively. Conclusion: There is an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in patients with acrochordons. With regard to the importance of early diagnosis of diabetes, it is recommended a high level of suspicion for diabetes mellitus in patients with acrochordons.NJDVL Vol. 13, No. 1, 2015 Page: 32-37

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