scholarly journals The Synthesis and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on the Adsorption of Cu2+ from Aqueous Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 4840
Author(s):  
Ghadah M. Al-Senani ◽  
Nada Al-Kadhi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanoparticle Surface ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Sem Analyses

The adsorption of Cu2+ ions from an aqueous solution using AgNPs synthesized from Convolvulus arvensis leaf extract was investigated. The characterization of AgNPs was investigated before and after the adsorption of Cu2+ ions via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The adsorbent contained various functional groups in addition to the AgNPs, which contributed to the Cu2+ ions adsorption. The silver nanoparticle surface consisted of spherical particles and deep pores, which adsorbed numerous Cu2+ ions. The influences of dosage, pH, and contact time on adsorption of 10 and 50 mg/L Cu2+ at 298 K, and initial Cu2+ concentrations at 298 and 323 K were studied. It was found that the highest percentage of Cu2+ ions adsorbed from an aqueous solution was 98.99%; the aqueous solution had 10 mg/L of Cu2+ ions and 0.2 g of AgNPs, at pH 12 and 298 K. A pseudo-second kinetics model offered the most accurate description of the process of adsorption. The process of Cu2+ adsorption more resembled a Langmuir rather than a Freundlich isotherm model, including chemical and physical mixed adsorption (mixed adsorption) processes, and was exothermic and spontaneous.

scholarly journals Algorithms for 3D Particles Characterization Using X-Ray Microtomography in Proppant Crush Test

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilia Safonov ◽  
Ivan Yakimchuk ◽  
Vladimir Abashkin
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Geometric Moments ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Statistical Hypotheses ◽  
Image Processing Algorithms ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Individual Particles ◽  
Remarkable Advantage

We present image processing algorithms for a new technique of ceramic proppant crush resistance characterization. To obtain the images of the proppant material before and after the test we used X-ray microtomography. We propose a watershed-based unsupervised algorithm for segmentation of proppant particles, as well as a set of parameters for the characterization of 3D particle size, shape, and porosity. An effective approach based on central geometric moments is described. The approach is used for calculation of particles’ form factor, compactness, equivalent ellipsoid axes lengths, and lengths of projections to these axes. Obtained grain size distribution and crush resistance fit the results of conventional test measured by sieves. However, our technique has a remarkable advantage over traditional laboratory method since it allows to trace the destruction at the level of individual particles and their fragments; it grants to analyze morphological features of fines. We also provide an example describing how the approach can be used for verification of statistical hypotheses about the correlation between particles’ parameters and their crushing under load.

scholarly journals 3D Characterization of Sponge Cake as Affected by Freezing Conditions Using Synchrotron X-ray Microtomography at Negative Temperature

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2915
Author(s):  
Amira Zennoune ◽  
Pierre Latil ◽  
Fatou-Toutie Ndoye ◽  
Frederic Flin ◽  
Jonathan Perrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Image Analysis Method ◽  
Sponge Cake ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Shape Characterization ◽  
Fast Freezing

In this study, the microstructural evolution of a non-reactive porous model food (sponge cake) during freezing was investigated. Sponge cake samples were frozen at two different rates: slow freezing (0.3 °C min−1) and fast freezing (17.2 °C min−1). Synchrotron X-ray microtomography (µ-CT) and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM) were used to visualize and analyze the microstructure features. The samples were scanned before and after freezing using a specific thermostated cell (CellStat) combined with the synchrotron beamline. Cryo-SEM and 3D µ-CT image visualization allowed a qualitative analysis of the ice formation and location in the porous structure. An image analysis method based on grey level was used to segment the three phases of the frozen samples: air, ice and starch. Volume fractions of each phase, ice local thickness and shape characterization were determined and discussed according to the freezing rates.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron (nZVI) Supported on Biochar for Chromium Remediation from Aqueous Solution and Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixia Wang ◽  
Mingliang Zhang ◽  
Hongyi Li
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Co Precipitation

Maize straw biochar-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron composite (MSB-nZVI) was prepared for efficient chromium (Cr) removal through alleviating the aggregation of zero-valent iron particles. The removal mechanism of MSB-nZVI was investigated by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution by MSB-nZVI was greatly affected by pH and initial concentration. The removal efficiency of Cr(VI) decreased with increasing pH, and the removal kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model. XRD patterns of MSB-nZVI before and after reaction showed that reduction and precipitation/co-precipitation (FeCr2O4, Fe3O4, Fe2O3) occurred with the conversion of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and Fe(0) to Fe(II)/Fe(III). The produced precipitation/co-precipitation could be deposited on the MSB surface rather than being only coated on the surface of nZVI particles, which can alleviate passivation of nZVI. For remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated saline–alkali soil (pH 8.6–9.0, Cr 341 mg/kg), the released amount of Cr(VI) was 70.7 mg/kg, while it sharply decreased to 0.6–1.7 mg/kg at pH 4.0–8.0, indicating that the saline–alkali environment inhibited the remediation efficiency. These results show that MSB-nZVI can be used as an effective material for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution and contaminated soil.

Preparation and Characterization of Clays from Different Areas in Ban Bo Suak, Nan Province, Thailand

2015 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Usanee Malee ◽  
Sakdiphon Thiansem
Keyword(s):  
Clay Sample ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scientific Process ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Kiln Site ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tone Color

The scientific process was used to explain characterization and physical properties of the clay sample close to the ancient Nan kiln site. These samples were obtained from JQA, FQB, PQC and NQD. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique were used to determine the chemical composition and phase transformation before and after fired at 800-1250 °C. XRF result was confirmed that all clay samples mainly contained SiO2(>80 wt. %) XRD pattern indicated that quartz was the majority of phase in the all of them. High amount of Fe2O3(>1.6 wt. %) was related to the red-brown tone color. The clay sample could be fired up to 1280 °C without wrapping behavior; it was found that FQB clay had the highest firing resistance due to the maximum quartz content.

New Macrocyclic Complexes Derived From Cobalt(III) Cage Complexes

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
II Creaser ◽  
T Komorita ◽  
AM Sargeson ◽  
AC Willis ◽  
K Yamanari
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Macrocyclic Ligand ◽  
Zinc Powder ◽  
Crystallographic Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alkyl Complexes ◽  
Nitrogen Donor ◽  
Asymmetric Nitrogen

The synthesis and partial characterization of several green complexes, derived from the products of the reactions between [Co(Cl2-sar)]3+ (Cl2-sar = 1,8-dichloro-3,6,10,13,16,19- hexaazabicyclo [6.6.6] icosane ) and zinc powder in water, are described. Most of the complexes appear to have [CoCl2(N4)] chromophores , where N4 denotes the tetraaza macrocyclic ligand , 6,13-dimethylene-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (L1). For trans-[CoCl2(L1)]+, three isomers due to different configurations about the asymmetric nitrogen donor centres were obtained and characterized by the electronic absorption and 13C n.m.r. spectra. Their stereochemistry is discussed and compared with that of 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane on the basis of strain energy minimized calculations. A trans-[CoCl2(H2L2)]3+ complex containing a related macrocycle with a pendant ethane-1,2-diamine arm [H2L2+, 6-(4-ammonio-2-azoniabutyl)-13-methylene-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane] was also isolated and characterized by X-ray crystallographic analysis. All these molecules are derived from the decomposition of zinc alkyl complexes formed by oxidative addition of zinc to the parent [CoII(Cl2-sar)]2+ ion in aqueous solution.

Structural and IR-spectroscopic characterization of magnesium acesulfamate

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar E. Piro ◽  
Gustavo A. Echeverría ◽  
Beatriz S. Parajón-Costa ◽  
Enrique J. Baran
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Triclinic Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic

AbstractMagnesium acesulfamate, Mg(C4H4NO4S)2·6H2O, was prepared by the reaction of acesulfamic acid and magnesium carbonate in aqueous solution, and characterized by elemental analysis. Its crystal structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The substance crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1̅ with one molecule per unit cell. The FTIR spectrum of the compound was also recorded and is briefly discussed. Some comparisons with other simple acesulfamate and saccharinate salts are also made.

Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes/Al2O3 Inorganic Hybrid Material - A Bio-Inspired Poly(Dopamine) Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Wen Zhao ◽  
Wen Cai Wang ◽  
Yong Lai Lu ◽  
Li Qun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
The Self ◽  
Liquid Phase Deposition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cnts Surface

Carbon nanotubes/alumina (CNTs/Al2O3) nanocomposites were prepared by the poly (dopamine) assisted chemical liquid phase deposition (CLPD). The poly (dopamine) layers were firstly coated on the CNTs surface uniformly by the self-oxidative polymerization of dopamine in mild aqueous solution and then the Al2O3 nanoparticles formed on the poly (dopamine) coated CNTs surface by the CLPD. The hydrophilic poly (dopamine) layers on the CNTs surface can improve the dispersion of CNTs in aqueous solution. Moreover, it can be used as a key linker between the CNTs and Al2O3 because of the nitrogen-containing group in poly (dopamine) could coordinate with Al3+ ions. The as-prepared poly (dopamine) coated CNTs and CNTs/Al2O3 nanohybrids were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-radial diffractometer (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). These results showed that the poly (dopamine) layers were coated on the surface of CNTs uniformly, and the Al2O3 nanoparticles embellished with the poly (dopamine) coated CNTs surface. Compared with pristine NR composites, the thermal conductivity of the as-prepared NR/CNTs@Al2O3 composites increased 17%.

Characterization of the Acetonitrile Aqueous Solution/Vapor Interface by Liquid-Jet X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 118 (50) ◽  
pp. 29378-29388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Perrine ◽  
Marijke H. C. Van Spyk ◽  
Alexandria M. Margarella ◽  
Bernd Winter ◽  
Manfred Faubel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Vapor Interface ◽  
X Ray

Characterization of silica polymorphs in kaolins by X-ray diffraction before and after phosphoric acid digestion and thermal treatment

2005 ◽  
Vol 552 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibel Kahraman ◽  
Müşerref Önal ◽  
Yüksel Sarıkaya ◽  
İhsan Bozdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Orthorhombic LiMnO2 with Low Stacking Faults

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
Li Zhu Zhao ◽  
G. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Stacking Faults ◽  
Lithium Hydroxide ◽  
Orthorhombic Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Technique ◽  
X Ray

LiMnO2 are synthesized by hydrothermal technique by using Mn(CH3COO)2.4H2O and MnO2 with the same mole ratio which are dissolved in aqueous solution with different concentration LiOH. Structural characterization based on X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy reveals that LiMnO2 is in a well-order orthorhombic structure with lower stacking faults compared to the LiMnO2 prepared by other techniques. Experimental results show that the concentration of lithium hydroxide in aqueous solution affect the quality of LiMnO2.

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