scholarly journals Intelligent Energy Management of Electrical Power Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Sechilariu
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Energy System

Smart grid implementation is facilitated by multi-source energy systems development, i.e., microgrids, which are considered the key smart grid building blocks. Whether they are alternative current (AC) or direct current (DC), high voltage or low voltage, high power or small power, integrated into the distribution system or the transmission network, multi-source systems always require an intelligent energy management that is integrated into the power system. A comprehensive intelligent energy system aims at providing overall energy efficiency with regard to the following: increased power generation flexibility, increased renewable generation systems, improved energy consumption, reduced CO2 emission, improved stability, and minimized energy cost. This Special Issue presents recent key theoretical and practical developments that concern the models, technologies, and flexible solutions to facilitate the following optimal energy and power flow strategies: the techno-economic model for optimal sources dispatching (mono and multi-objective energy optimization), real-time optimal scheduling, and real time optimization with model predictive control.

scholarly journals Demonstration Study of Voltage Control of DC Grid Using Energy Management System Based DC Applications

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4551
Author(s):  
Juyong Kim ◽  
Hongjoo Kim ◽  
Jintae Cho ◽  
Youngpyo Cho ◽  
Yoonsung Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Management System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Voltage Control ◽  
Energy Management System ◽  
Test Scenario ◽  
Demonstration Site ◽  
Power Testing

This paper is about the development of the real-time direct current (DC) network analysis applications for the operation of DC power systems. The applications are located in the central energy management system (EMS) and provide the operator with the optimal solution for operation in real time. Developed DC applications are not limited by voltage level. Applications can be used at all DC voltage levels such as low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage. A program configuration and sequence for analyzing the DC distribution system are suggested. Algorithms of each program are presented and the differences when compared with the processes of the applications of the existing alternating current (AC) systems are analyzed. The DC grid demonstration site at the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) power testing center is introduced. The details of EMS and applications installation are described. The developed DC applications were installed in the EMS of the demonstration site and verification tests have been carried out. The configuration of the test scenario for testing the voltage control of the DC network is described. The voltage control result is analyzed and the measured data and the results of the applications are verified for compatibility by comparing them with the results of an off-line simulation tool. Finally, the future direction of the development of technology for the operation of the DC grid is introduced.

scholarly journals Threat Modelling and Beyond-Novel Approaches to Cyber Secure the Smart Energy System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5149
Author(s):  
Heribert Vallant ◽  
Branka Stojanović ◽  
Josip Božić ◽  
Katharina Hofer-Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Critical Energy ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Energy Balancing ◽  
Threat Modelling

Smart Grids (SGs) represent electrical power systems that incorporate increased information processing and efficient technological solutions. The integration of local prosumers, demand response systems and storage allows novel possibilities with regard to energy balancing and optimization of grid operations. Unfortunately, the dependence on IT leaves the SG exposed to security violations. In this paper, we contribute to this challenge and provide a methodology for systematic risk assessment of cyber attacks in SG systems. We propose a threat model and identify possible vulnerabilities in low-voltage distribution grids. Then, we calculate exploitation probabilities from realistic attack scenarios. Lastly, we apply formal verification to check the stochastic model against attack properties. The obtained results provide insight into potential threats and the likeliness of successful attacks. We elaborate on the effects of a security violation with regard to security and privacy of energy clients. In the aftermath, we discuss future considerations for improving security in the critical energy sector.

scholarly journals Preliminary Design of the Electrical Power Systems for DTT Nuclear Fusion Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5446
Author(s):  
Marzia Caldora ◽  
Maria Carmen Falvo ◽  
Alessandro Lampasi ◽  
Gianluca Marelli
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Electrical Power Systems ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Electrical Loads

The realization of the Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility is one of the key milestones of the European Roadmap, aiming to explore alternative power exhaust solutions for DEMO, the first nuclear-fusion power plant that will be connected to the European grid. For the actual implementation of the DTT and DEMO plants, it is necessary to define the structure of the internal electric power distribution system, able to supply unconventional loads with a sufficient level of reliability. The present paper reports the preliminary studies for the feasibility and realization of the electrical power systems of DTT, describing the methodology adopted to obtain a first distribution configuration and providing some simulation results. In particular, the first stage of the study deals with the survey and characterization of the electrical loads, which allows defining a general layout of the facility and size the main electrical components. To verify the correctness of the assumptions, simulation models of the grid were implemented in the DIgSILENT PowerFactory software in order to carry out power flow and fault analyses.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Electric Energy Losses in Kirkuk Distribution Electric System Area

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Sameer Mustafa ◽  
Mohammed Yasen ◽  
Hussein Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Power Transformer ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Voltage Transformer ◽  
Electric System

Correct calculations of losses are important for several reasons. There are two basic methods that can be used to calculate technical energy losses, a method based on subtraction of metered energy purchased and metered energy sold to customers and a method based on modeling losses in individual components of the system. For considering the technical loss in distribution system included: transmission line losses, power transformer losses, distribution line losses and low-voltage transformer losses. This work presents an evaluation of the power losses in Kirkuk electric distribution system area and submit proposals and appropriate solutions and suggestions to reduce the losses. A program under Visual Basic was designed to calculate and evaluate electrical energy losses in electrical power systems.

scholarly journals Household Energy Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1626
Author(s):  
Piotr Powroźnik ◽  
Robert Szulim ◽  
Wiesław Miczulski ◽  
Krzysztof Piotrowski
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Peak Demand ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Management Algorithm

Ensuring flexibility and security in power systems requires the use of appropriate management measures on the demand side. The article presents the results of work related to energy management in households in which renewable energy sources (RES) can be installed. The main part of the article is about the developed elastic energy management algorithm (EEM), consisting of two algorithms, EEM1 and EEM2. The EEM1 algorithm is activated in time periods with a higher energy price. Its purpose is to reduce the power consumed by the appliances to the level defined by the consumer. In contrast, the EEM2 algorithm is run by the Distribution System Operator (DSO) when peak demand occurs. Its purpose is to reduce the power of appliances in a specified time period to the level defined by the DSO. The optimization tasks in both algorithms are based on the Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) metaheuristic algorithm. The EEM1 and EEM2 algorithms also provide energy consumer comfort. For this purpose, both algorithms take into account the smart appliance parameters proposed in the article: sections of the working devices, power reduction levels, priorities and enablingof time shifting devices. The EEM algorithm in its operation also takes into account the information about the production of power, e.g., generated by the photovoltaic systems. On this basis, it makes decisions on the control of smart appliances. The EEM algorithm also enables inverter control to limit the power transferred from the photovoltaic system to the energy system. Such action is taken on the basis of the DSO request containing the information on the power limits. Such a structure of EEM enables the balancing of energy demand and supply. The possibility of peak demand phenomenon will be reduced. The simulation and experiment results presented in the paper confirmed the rationality and effectiveness of the EEM algorithm.

scholarly journals A Master/Slave Approach to Power Flow and Overvoltage Control in Low-Voltage Microgrids

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Cavraro ◽  
Tommaso Caldognetto ◽  
Ruggero Carli ◽  
Paolo Tenti
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Systematic Analysis

This paper proposes a technique to control distributed energy resources in low-voltage microgrids aiming at (i) allowing power flow control at the point of connection with the upstream grid, (ii) keeping voltage profiles within the operational limits. The first feature is crucial in smart low-voltage power systems. In fact, it enables both demand-responses, which is extremely valuable from the point of view of distribution system operators and for energy trading, and the autonomous operation of the microgrid. The latter can be achieved by regulating to zero the power exchanged with the main grid. The second feature allows to limit voltage increases due to active power injection by distributed energy resources and, thus, to limit stresses on the electrical infrastructure and the served loads, which is a concrete issue as renewables become widely deployed in the low-voltage scenario. The proposed approach is firstly described in detail, then a systematic analysis of its local and global properties is reported. All the obtained results are verified considering the IEEE 37 test feeder in realistic operating conditions.

scholarly journals Dynamic grid fault analysis in wind power plant with DFIG by using supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) viewer

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Nduwamungu Aphrodis ◽  
Ntagwirumugara Etienne ◽  
Utetiwabo Wellars ◽  
Mulolani Francis
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Fault Analysis ◽  
Operational Mode ◽  
Electrical Power Systems ◽  
Fault Ride Through ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Clearing Time

Faults in electrical power systems are among the key factors and sources to network disturbances, however control strategies are among key faults clearing techniques for the sake of safe operational mode of the system.Some researchers have shown various limitations of control strategies such as slow dynamic response,inability to switch Off and On network remotely and fault clearing time. For a system with wind energy technologies, if the power flow of a wind turbine is interrupted by a fault, the intermediate-circuit voltage between the machine-side converter and line-side converter will fall in unacceptably high values.To overcome the aforementioned issues, this paper used a Matlab simulations and experiments in order to analyze and validate the results.The results showed that fault ride through (FRT) with SCADA Viewer software are more adaptable to the variations of voltage and wind speed in order to avoid loss of synchronism. Therefore at the speed of 12.5m/s a wind produced a rated power of 750W and remained in synchronization before and after a fault created and cleared but worked as generator meanwhile at speed of 3.4m/s wind disconnected from grid and started working as a motor and consumed active power (P=-25watts) and voltage dip at 100% .For the protection purpose, the DC chopper and crowbar should be integrated towards management of excess energy during faults cases.

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