scholarly journals Study on the Coupling Relationship of Low Temperature Fluidity and Oxidation Stability of Biodiesel

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaishuai Lv ◽  
Jiaqiao Zhang ◽  
Hongjun Ni ◽  
Xingxing Wang ◽  
Yu Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽  
Oxidation Induction Time ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Relationship Of

Low temperature fluidity and oxidation stability are important indicators for the measurement of the performance of biodiesel, which are currently two major issues in association with the use of biodiesel on diesel engines. In the current work, actors affecting the low temperature fluidity and oxidation stability of biodiesel, such as adding reagents, changing the blending ratio, were studied separately. Then, the influencing factors were comprehensively analyzed to simultaneously improve the low temperature fluidity and oxidation stability of biodiesel through adjusting the proportion of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). The results show that the cold fluidity improver (CFI) exerts the greatest influence on the biodiesel blending oil B10. When the CFI is added to 0.6%, the cold filter plugging point (CFPP) of B10 is reduced to a minimum of −17 °C. Additionally, blending ratio also has a great influence on the CFPP of biodiesel blended fuel. When the amount of biodiesel added is 5%, the CFPP of biodiesel blended fuel is equivalent to the CFPP of 0 petrol diesel (0PD). When the amount of biodiesel added exceeds 50%, the oxidation induction time (OIT) of biodiesel with different blending ratios can be made greater than 6 h by adding butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) with a ratio of 0.1%. The CFPP and OIT of the blended fuel increase with the increasing of PME addition ratio. When the blending ratio of palm oil methyl ester (PME) and rapeseed oil methyl ester (RME) is R60P40, the CFPP is 0 °C, and the OIT is 5.9 h.

Effect of Saturation and Unsaturation of Fatty Methyl Esters on Biodiesel NOx Emission Characteristics

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 766-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Thangaraja ◽  
S. Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Acid Methyl

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel and an attractive alternative to replace fossil diesel without major engine modifications. However, the emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from biodiesel fuelled engines are reported to be higher compared to diesel engine. The characteristics of biodiesel are known to depend on their fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) contents which vary with the feedstock. Thus the contribution of saturation and unsaturation of pure components of fatty acid methyl esters on NOx formation warrants a systematic investigation. This paper attempts to relate the composition of biodiesel with NOx formation. For this purpose, the NO formation from pure fatty acid methyl esters are predicted using extended Zeldovich reaction scheme. Also, the experiments are conducted for measuring oxides of nitrogen from a compression ignition engine operated using neat palm and karanja methyl esters and their blends providing biodiesel combinations of varying degree of saturation for investigation. The measured NOx concentrations are compared with the corresponding predictions to affirm the influence of fatty acid methyl ester on engine NOx characteristics. The results clearly indicate that the change in degree of saturation influences the NOx formation and an increase in the degree of saturation of biodiesel decreases the engine NOx emission.

Size and composition of lymph chylomicrons following feeding corn oil or its fatty acid methyl esters

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 514-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu-Ying Yang ◽  
Arnis Kuksis
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Phosphatidic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Lipid Particle

Male rats with thoracic duct cannulae were intubated with com oil or fatty acid methyl esters and the lymph was collected over the next 2–72 h. The apoprotein (apo) composition of the chylomicrons, isolated by conventional ultracentrifugation, was determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate – polyacrylamide – glycerol gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. The lipid content and composition was assessed by gas–liquid chromatography. The particle size was obtained by calculation and confirmed by electron microscopy. The study demonstrates that both the monoacylglycerol (corn oil feeding) and the phosphatidic acid (methyl ester feeding) pathways of triacylglycerol biosynthesis yield chylomicrons with closely similar apoprotein profiles representing apo B-48, apo A-IV, apo E, apo A-I, and the apo C components. A protein band corresponding to apo B-100 was occasionally observed as a minor component of the chylomicrons from both groups of animals. The chylomicrons from com oil feeding had about two times larger diameters than those from methyl ester feeding. There were no significant differences in the composition of the apoproteins, although the smaller particles had two times higher apoprotein/triacylglycerol ratios. It was calculated that the amount of apo B per lipid particle for the ester fed rats ranged from one to eight molecules and was closely correlated with the particle size. The corn oil fed rats yielded about three molecules apo B per lipid particle regardless of the particle size. It is concluded that the pathway of intestinal triacylglycerol biosynthesis has a significant effect on the apoprotein mass and to a lesser extent on the apoprotein and lipid composition of the chylomicrons. The phosphatidic acid pathway produces smaller particles and transfers to the bloodstream twice as much apoprotein per gram of fat than the monoacylglycerol pathway, which yields the larger particles. Possible variations in the site and rate of biosynthesis of the triacylglycerols could not be entirely excluded as contributing factors.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATIONS INTO ENERGETIC AND ECOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF CAMELINA-BASED BIOFUEL USED IN THE 1Z DIESEL ENGINE

Transport ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergejus Lebedevas ◽  
Saugirdas Pukalskas ◽  
Justas Žaglinskis ◽  
Jonas Matijošius
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Rapeseed Methyl Ester ◽  
Gas Recirculation

The paper presents the findings of comparative investigations into the operation of Audi 80 1.9l 4 cylinder diesel engine, TDI, type 1Z, 66 kW powered by new FAME (fatty acid methyl esters) mixtures of spring (SCME) and winter (WCME) camelina-based biofuel and mineral diesel. The article assesses the principles of operating electronic control over the diesel engine (ECS) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and looks at a positive impact of the system on energetic (be, ηe) and ecological (CH, NOx, CO2, SM) parameters. The ECS of the average and maximal power of the engine improve in-cylinder air injection that has an impact on an increase in ηe by approximately 30% and reduces the emission of the harmful components from incomplete combustion. It is accepted that in case diesel fuel is replaced by FAME biofuels (RME – rapeseed methyl ester; SCME – spring camelina methyl ester; WCME – winter camelina methyl ester), ECS control parameters shall not be retrofitted or additionally optimized. The properties of camelina-based biofuel mixtures B30 (SCME) and B30 (WCME) and diesel fuel are similar to the properties of the standard mixtures of RME biofuel B30 (RME). If compared to diesel fuel, the use of camelina-based biofuel mixtures B30 (SCME) and B30 (WCME) enables lower emissions of harmful components from exhaust gases, which makes approximately 15% of CH and 20÷25% of SM.

Potential of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), using direct infusion, to quantify fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) in biodiesel

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (26) ◽  
pp. 3949-3955
Author(s):  
Rodrigo V. P. Leal ◽  
Gabriel F. Sarmanho ◽  
Luiz H. Leal ◽  
Bruno C. Garrido ◽  
Lucas J. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Direct Infusion ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Acid Methyl

Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) intensities, by ESI-MS, used to their quantification in biodiesel.

scholarly journals Low Temperature Properties Of Fuel Mixtures Of Kerosene And Fame Type Used To Supply Turbine Engines In Marine And Other Non-Aeronautical Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Dzięgielewski ◽  
Bartosz Gawron ◽  
Andrzej Kulczycki
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽  
Fuel Jet ◽  
Fuel Mixtures ◽  
Marine Navigation ◽  
Higher Fatty Acids

Abstract A worldwide trend to popularise gradually increasing use of biofuels in various applications was a motivation for gaining interest in FAME as a commonly available biocomponent to fuels combusted in turbine engines. These engines are mainly used in aeronautics, but many of them are also used in other, non-aeronautical areas, including marine navigation. Specific conditions in which fuels are combusted in turbine engines used in these applications are the reason why fuel mixtures of kerosene and FAME type should reveal relevant low temperature characteristics. The article presents results of tests of low temperature properties of mixtures of the jet fuel Jet A-1 and methyl esters of higher fatty acids (FAME). The prepared mixtures contained different contents of FAME. The obtained results present changes of: viscosity, cloud point, pour point, crystallising point, and cold filter plugging point, depending on the percentage by volume of FAME. They also prove that the course of changes of low temperature properties of these mixtures is affected by chemical structure of the biocomponent.

scholarly journals Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil as a Fuel from Waste Materials

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Zeman ◽  
Vladimír Hönig ◽  
Martin Kotek ◽  
Jan Táborský ◽  
Michal Obergruber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Winter Time ◽  
Cold Starts

Biofuels have become an integral part of everyday life in modern society. Bioethanol and fatty acid methyl esters are a common part of both the production of gasoline and diesel fuels. Also, pressure on replacing fossil fuels with bio-components is constantly growing. Waste vegetable fats can replace biodiesel. Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) seems to be a better alternative. This fuel has a higher oxidation stability for storage purposes, a lower temperature of loss of filterability for the winter time, a lower boiling point for cold starts, and more. Viscosity, density, cold filter plugging point of fuel blend, and flash point have been measured to confirm that a fuel from HVO is so close to a fuel standard that it is possible to use it in engines without modification. The objective of this article is to show the properties of different fuels with and without HVO admixtures and to prove the suitability of using HVO compared to FAME. HVO can also be prepared from waste materials, and no major modifications of existing refinery facilities are required. No technology in either investment or engine adaptation of fuel oils is needed in fuel processing.

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