scholarly journals Data-Driven Design Solution of a Mismatch Problem between the Specifications of the Multi-Function Console in a Jangbogo Class Submarine and the Anthropometric Dimensions of South Koreans Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihwan Lee ◽  
Namwoo Cho ◽  
Myung Hwan Yun ◽  
Yushin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
The Body ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Match Rate ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Target Design

The naval multi-function console provides various types of information to the operator. It is equipment that is key for submarine navigation, and fatal human errors can occur due to the mismatch between the console specifications and the operator’s body size. This study proposes a method for deriving console specifications suitable for the body size of Korean users. The seat height, seat width, seat depth, upper edge of backrest, and worktable height were selected as the target design variables. Using six anthropometric dimensions, a mismatch equation for each target design variable was developed. Anthropometric measures of 2027 Korean males were obtained, and the optimal specifications of the console were derived via an algorithmic approach. As a result, the match rate, considering all the target design variables, was improved from 2.57% to 76.96%. In previous studies and standards, the optimal console specifications were suggested based on the anthropometric data of a specific percentile of users, and it was impossible to quantitatively confirm the suitability of the console design for the target users. However, the method used in this study calculated the match rate using the mismatch equation devised for comfortable use of the console and a large amount of anthropometric data that represented the user population, and therefore the improvement effect of the recommended specification can be directly identified when compared to the current specifications. Moreover, the methodology and results of this study could be used for deciding the specifications of multi-function consoles in several fields, including nuclear power plants or disaster situation rooms.

Safety Assessment of Disposal Container for Higher Activity Low Level Waste

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motonori Nakagami ◽  
Seiji Komatsuki ◽  
Kyosuke Fujisawa ◽  
Takashi Nishio ◽  
Thomas Quercetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Fracture Strain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Unstable Fracture ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
Drop Tests

As one of the studies on “yoyushindo disposal” whose concept is similar to an intermediate disposal, the development of a disposal container has been conducted by the Federation of Electric Power Companies of Japan. To assess a drop event of a waste package in which stored the radioactive wastes from nuclear power plants, the toughness of the disposal container was evaluated by drop tests using three specimens which have actual dimensions, drop analysis, fracture mechanics assessment and macroscopic tests. The three specimens for drop tests were manufactured in consideration of the design specifications and the manufacture operations in nuclear power plants. The lid plates of the specimens were welded to the body plates without pre- and post-weld heat treatment by using a remote automated welding machine. The drop tests showed that no penetration cracks or splash of its content occurred in the disposal container under conservative conditions such as the maximum weight and height in the handling. Drop analysis and the fracture mechanics assessment indicate that the strain induced by the drop impact did not exceed the fracture strain and an unstable fracture did not occur. And macroscopic tests showed that penetration cracks did not occur at 8m drop events. These tests and evaluations confirmed that the disposal container had sufficient toughness.

Development of Ladder Climbing Robot LCR-1

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. lida ◽  
◽  
H. Hozumi ◽  
R. Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robot ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
The Body ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Climbing Robot ◽  
High Elevations ◽  
Laborious Work ◽  
Limit Switch

A new mobile robot has been developed, which is capable of ascending and descending vertical ladders such as those used in nuclear power plants and other facilities. The Ladder Climbing Robot releases personnel from dangerous and laborious work at high elevations. The body of the robot has four grippers which grip each rung of the ladder as it ascends or descends. Each gripper is able to move up, down, forward or backward, and has two kinds of sensors to detect a rung: one photoelectric-switch and one limit-switch. The robot can operate automatically or be remote controlled. Three of the grippers are continuously in contact with the ladder rungs to prevent falling. As a result of experiment, it has been confirmed that in trials the prototype model LCR-1 with a built-in microcomputer can ascend and descend an actual vertical ladder automatically.

A normative method for the classification and assessment of women's 3-D scanned morphotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Pandarum ◽  
Simon Christopher Harlock ◽  
Lawrance Hunter ◽  
Gerald Aurther Vernon Leaf
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
The Body ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Visual Assessments

PurposeThe purpose of this study was for a panel of experts to initially make visual assessments of female body morphotypes from their 3-D scanned images, and, thereafter, use these and their anthropometric data to derive algorithms to specify anthropometric parameters corresponding to a specific body morphotype categories.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a method to quantitatively define women's body morphotypes derived from the visual assessments of the 3-D scans of the body. Nine morphotype categories are defined and algorithms are derived to define the range of values of bust-to-waist and hip-to-waist girth ratios corresponding to the different categories. The method showed an 81.9% prediction accuracy between the visually assessed and predicted morphotypes. This compared to a 71.9% prediction accuracy of another published method. This new normative method (NNM) enables a quantitative evaluation of how visual assessments of body morphotypes from different populations of women, made by different assessors, differ.FindingsThe panel assessed morphotype category with the largest number of subjects was rectangle (52.0%), followed by spoon (39.5%), hourglass (5.6%) and triangle (2.9%). The NNM shows similar predicted categories, with only slightly differing values, viz. the morphotype category with the largest number of subjects was rectangle (54.1%) followed by spoon (40.4%), hourglass (4.8%), inverted U (0.6%) and Y (0.3%). The morphotype with the worst correlation between the predicted and the assessed was the triangle (0% – 0/10), followed by the hourglass (31.6% – 6/19). The NNM did not generate more than one prediction for a given visually assessed morphotype.Research limitations/implicationsThe geographical location of the authors meant that it was convenient to develop and evaluate the NNM from a sample of South African women. Further work can be conducted where a large number of national and international experts perform an assessment of a set of body morphotypes. The anthropometric data derived according to ISO 8559-1 protocols may then be used to determine the criteria used by each assessor with the aim of reaching a consensus and, hence, movement toward body morphotype standardization for both men and women and thereby mass customization.Practical implicationsThe advantage of the method is that it provides for a, transparent, universally applicable procedure that is simple to use and implement in the clothing and retail sectors The NNM did not predict more than one morphotype for a given category; hence, it enables objective comparisons to be made between the visual assessments of morphotype categories of different populations by different assessors, to also evaluate how and where the assessments differ.Social implicationsStudies such as this highlight the need for standardization of both the criteria used in the expert panel visual assessments and an agreement on the anthropometric measures or landmarks required to define women 3-D body morphotypes standardized to international protocols for target market segmenting in the clothing and retail sectors and in industries where variability in body morphotype, size and proportions has ergonomic implications.Originality/valueThe theoretical concept is novel, easy to follow and implement in the clothing and related sectors and has not been published to date. The approach was to develop a theoretical concept standardized to ISO 8559-1 that enable objective comparisons between visual assessments of morphotypes of different populations by different assessors, and to also evaluate how and where the assessments differ. The knowledge and experience of domain experts were to initially conduct the visual assessments of women morphotypes from their 3-D scans and thereafter to use these and their anthropometric data to derive algorithms to specify anthropometric parameters corresponding to a specific body morphotype category.

scholarly journals A Boundary Zone Method for the Generation of Multivariate Representative Humanoids

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3440
Author(s):  
Kihyo Jung ◽  
Younggeun Choi ◽  
Baekhee Lee ◽  
Heecheon You ◽  
Ochae Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Target Population ◽  
The Body ◽  
Boundary Zone ◽  
Outlier Analysis ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Zone Method ◽  
Map Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

The present study developed a novel multivariate representative humanoid (RH) generation method called the boundary zone method (BZM), which consists of (1) the formation of a boundary zone (BZ) for a designated accommodation percentage (κ), (2) the clustering of anthropometric cases in the BZ, and (3) the selection of representative cases from the clusters. By using 1988 U.S. Army anthropometric data for κ = 90% and 10 anthropometric dimensions, the BZM was compared to existing methods, including the square method (SM), the rectangular method (RM), and the circular method (CM) in terms of multivariate accommodation percentage (MAP), outlier percentage, and normalized outlier magnitude. The MAP analysis showed that only the BZM could form a group of RHs that precisely satisfied the designated κ, whereas the RM formed over-accommodating RH groups and both the SM and CM formed under-accommodating RH groups. The outlier analysis identified that only the BZM generated relevant RHs within the body size ranges of the target population.

SILER Project: Design of the Seismic Isolators

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Poggianti ◽  
Massimo Forni ◽  
Barbara Ferrucci ◽  
Riccardo Scipinotti ◽  
Didier De Bruyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Isolation System ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
High Damping Rubber ◽  
Rubber Bearings

This paper describes the SILER (Seismic-Initiated event risk mitigation in LEad-cooled Reactors) Project results obtained so far in the design of the seismic isolation system of two nuclear power plants: the ELSY configuration for the LFR (Lead-Cooled Fast Reactor) design and the MYRRHA configuration for the accelerator-driven systems (ADS). The seismic protection of the nuclear buildings by means of seismic isolation has been chosen in order to minimize changes to the standard design of the civil works and internal components of the Nuclear Power Plant. The work led to the identification of the optimal design solution, in terms of type and location of seismic devices, to achieve compliance to the floor response acceleration spectra in horizontal and vertical direction, with levels of horizontal displacements not exceeding the maximum acceptable values for structural and non-structural elements. The isolators studied in the project are of the type elastomeric, both High Damping Rubber Bearings and Lead Rubber Bearings; moreover the adoption of a fail-safe system to limit the horizontal isolator deformation in case of beyond design earthquakes is studied.

The Anthropometry of United States Army Men and Women: 1946–1977

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT M. WHITE
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Body Size ◽  
United States Army ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Site ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Army Personnel

A large amount of information on the body size of United States Army personnel, both men and women, has been collected during several anthropometric surveys carried out between 1946 and 1977. Changes in the body site of Army men between 1946 and 1966 and of Army women between 1946 and 1977 may be examined in an analysis of these anthropometric data. The data also may be utilized to define the contrasts in body size between Army men and women for application in the design and sizing of clothing and in the human engineering of equipment and materiel intended for use by both Army men and women.

scholarly journals The governance of nuclear power in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-46
Author(s):  
Philip Andrews-Speed
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Nuclear Safety ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nuclear Power Industry ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
The Government

Abstract China has the third largest fleet of nuclear power plants in the world, totalling more than 45 GWe at the end of 2019. With the current high rate of growth, its capacity will soon overtake that of France. The country’s nuclear power industry has suffered no serious accidents to date. Nevertheless, the poor safety record of some other heavy industries in China, combined with the rapid growth of civil nuclear power capacity, has raised concerns over the industry’s ability to prevent a serious accident. The organization, development and governance of China’s nuclear power industry reflects the high strategic importance that the government has placed on the industry over several decades. At the same time, it has taken steps to address domestic and international concerns over its ability to effectively govern nuclear safety and security. The country has become party to most major treaties and conventions relating to nuclear matters and has frequent interaction with the International Atomic Energy Agency. Despite many significant steps taken by the government, a number of questions remain concerning: the capacity and independence of the National Nuclear Safety Administration; the relatively incoherent nature of the body of laws, regulations and rules that govern nuclear safety and security; the absence of a clear legal basis for managing civil nuclear liability, especially in the context of an accident with transboundary consequences; and the quality of public participation, especially in the case of planned nuclear power plants.

scholarly journals Steam Generator Strength Computation for Nuclear Electric Power Plants of a Low Power

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-35
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kravchenko ◽  
Oleksandr Lymarenko ◽  
Zhou Xiaolong ◽  
Kiril Khromiy ◽  
Yehor Buchka
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Steam Generator ◽  
Heat Carrier ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Branch Pipe ◽  
Cylindrical Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Branch

Today, the world oversees an explosive development of the nuclear power stations (NPS) of a low power. Most projects deal with pressurized water reactors and as a matter of fact with steam generators (SG). Ukraine has a well-developed engineering industry backbone that can be used for the production of the equipment required for the nuclear power plants of a low power. This scientific paper delves into the computations of the strength of elements used for the monotube steam generator with cylindrical coils that is the most presentable of all the projects in question in IAEA materials. Appropriate methods were developed to perform structural computations and steam generator strength computations. The mathematical model was developed that allows us to perform strength computations of the SG elements making use of the analytical method with reference to the Regulations and do simulations using the ANSYS software code. The specified elements include the body elements, in particular the cylindrical part, the flange, the bottom and the cover, including the heat carrier branch pipe and heat exchange tubes. The comparison of the data obtained by both methods showed their similarity and accordingly, the accuracy of the data that are indicative of the need for an increase in the wall thickness of the cylindrical part of the external branch pipe intended for the heat carrier. The body bottom strain for calculated dimensions exceeds the permissible value by 1.56 %. Since this value is 5 % lower than permissible values it is deemed that the strength condition is passed through. The simulation proved that the strength conditions are met for heat exchange tubes, for the body, the body cover, the body flange, the conical part of the external branch pipe intended for the heat carrier. Based on the analysis done, we would like to recommend performing strength computations using the normative method with the subsequent check out by the simulation using the computer code.

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