scholarly journals The Effect of Ultrasonication Pretreatment on the Production of Polyphenol-Enriched Extracts from Moringa oleifera L. (Drumstick Tree) Using a Novel Bio-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achillia Lakka ◽  
Spyros Grigorakis ◽  
Olga Kaltsa ◽  
Ioanna Karageorgou ◽  
Georgia Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Polyphenolic Profile ◽  
Positive Effect

Moringa oleifera L. leaves are a plant tissue particularly rich in polyphenolic phytochemicals with significant bioactivities, and there has been significant recent interest for the production of extracts enriched in these substances. The current investigation is aimed at establishing a green extraction process, using a novel eco-friendly natural deep eutectic solvent, composed of glycerol and nicotinamide. Furthermore, sample ultrasonication prior to batch stirred-tank extraction was studied to examine its usefulness as a pretreatment step. Optimization of the extraction process through response surface methodology showed that the maximum total polyphenol yield (82.87 ± 4.28 mg gallic acid equivalents g−1 dry mass) could be achieved after a 30 min ultrasonication pretreatment, but the difference with the yield obtained from the non-pretreated sample was statistically non-significant (p < 0.05). Extraction kinetics revealed that the activation energy for the ultrasonication-pretreated samples was more energy-demanding, a fact attributed to phenomena pertaining to washing of the readily extracted polyphenols during pretreatment. Liquid-chromatography-diode array-mass spectrometry showed that ultrasonication pretreatment may have a limited positive effect on polyphenol extractability, but the overall polyphenolic profile was identical for the ultrasonication-pretreated and non-pretreated samples.

scholarly journals Hydroglycerolic Solvent and Ultrasonication Pretreatment: A Green Blend for High-Efficiency Extraction of Salvia fruticosa Polyphenols

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyros Grigorakis ◽  
Abedalghani Halahlah ◽  
Dimitris P. Makris
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Salvia Fruticosa ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition ◽  
Mass Comparison ◽  
Favorable Temperature

Salvia fruticosa Miller, also known as Cretan or Greek sage, is a medicinal plant with significant biological properties, which are largely ascribed to its polyphenolic composition, but there is to-date a scarcity of green and sustainable processes for efficient polyphenol extraction from this plant. The objective of this study was the implementation of an extraction process that would combine a green solvent based on glycerol, a biodiesel industry by-product, and ultrasonication pretreatment. Ultrasonication for 40 min followed by stirred-tank extraction was shown to provide significantly higher total polyphenol yield than mere stirred-tank extraction, while kinetics indicated 50 °C as the most favorable temperature, with the yield being 92 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per g dry mass. Comparison of this method with a previously developed one that used methyl β-cyclodextrin revealed that the extracts obtained had similar antioxidant activity, and yield in major polyphenols including luteolin 7-O-glucuronide and rosmarinic acid was virtually equal. The current process is proposed as a sustainable and effective methodology for the generation of polyphenol-enriched extracts from S. fruticosa, which could be used as effective food antioxidants/antimicrobials and/or cosmetic constituents.

scholarly journals Saffron Processing Wastes as a Bioresource of High-Value Added Compounds: Development of a Green Extraction Process for Polyphenol Recovery Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achillia Lakka ◽  
Spyros Grigorakis ◽  
Ioanna Karageorgou ◽  
Georgia Batra ◽  
Olga Kaltsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent

The current investigation was undertaken to examine saffron processing waste (SPW) as a bioresource, which could be valorized to produce extracts rich in antioxidant polyphenols, using a green, natural deep eutectic solvent (DES). Initially, there was an appraisal of the molar ratio of hydrogen bond donor/hydrogen bond acceptor in order to come up with the most efficient DES composed of L-lactic acid/glycine (5:1). The following step was the optimization of the extraction process using response surface methodology. The optimal conditions thus determined were a DES concentration of 55% (w/v), a liquid-to-solid ratio of 60 mL g−1, and a stirring speed of 800 rounds per minute. Under these conditions, the extraction yield in total polyphenols achieved was 132.43 ± 10.63 mg gallic acid equivalents per g of dry mass. The temperature assay performed within a range of 23 to 80 °C, suggested that extracts displayed maximum yield and antioxidant activity at 50–60 °C. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the SPW extract obtained under optimal conditions showed that the predominant flavonol was kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside and the major anthocyanin delphinidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside. The results indicated that SPW extraction with the DES used is a green and efficient methodology and may afford extracts rich flavonols and anthocyanins, which are considered to be powerful antioxidants.

scholarly journals Polyphenol Extraction from Humulus lupulus (Hop) Using a Neoteric Glycerol/L-Alanine Deep Eutectic Solvent: Optimisation, Kinetics and the Effect of Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achillia Lakka ◽  
Ioanna Karageorgou ◽  
Olga Kaltsa ◽  
Georgia Batra ◽  
Eleni Bozinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Efficient Extraction ◽  
Polyphenol Extraction ◽  
Kinetic Pattern ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The investigation presented herein had as its scope the development of an integrated process for the efficient extraction of polyphenols from hop. For this purpose, a novel, natural deep eutectic solvent (DES) was synthesised, composed of glycerol and L-alanine, and the process was optimised by deploying a response surface methodology based on a Box–Behnken design. The variables considered were the DES/water proportion, the liquid-to-solid ratio and the stirring speed. Under the optimised conditions, the yield in total polyphenols achieved was 118.97 ± 8.27 mg gallic acid equivalents per g of dry mass. Ultrasonication, incorporated into the process as a pretreatment step, was shown to significantly change the kinetic pattern of polyphenol extraction and contributed to attaining higher yields only at 80 °C, whereas at lower temperatures a supressing effect was observed. Furthermore, increasing temperature was negatively correlated with the second-order extraction rates, evidencing a slow-down of the extraction rate at elevated temperatures.

scholarly journals Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent as Extraction Media for the Main Phenolic Compounds from Olive Oil Processing Wastes

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Bonacci ◽  
Maria Luisa Di Gioia ◽  
Paola Costanzo ◽  
Loredana Maiuolo ◽  
Sofia Tallarico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Processing Wastes ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent

In this new century, sustainable development challenges chemical sciences to develop new and clean technological processes. The agri-food industry produces significant quantities of waste, raising significant economic and environmental concerns. Food waste valorization using environmentally friendly procedures is of increasing importance. This study describes the use of several Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADESs) for the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of valuable bioactive phenolic compounds from olive oil processing wastes. The extracted samples were characterized by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF/MS) analysis and the quantification of the phenolic compounds was performed by HPLC analysis. The obtained data were compared with those obtained using water as the solvent in the same extraction conditions. The extraction process is nontoxic, simple and selective and meets most of the criteria to be considered as a sustainable process, with the solvents arising directly from nature.

scholarly journals Impact of the Degree of Maturity of Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) and Their Variety on the Antioxidant Potential and the Content of Tocopherols and Polyphenols

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pycia ◽  
Kapusta ◽  
Jaworska
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Polyphenolic Content ◽  
Degree Of Maturity ◽  
Polyphenolic Profile

The aim of the study was to characterize the antioxidant properties; establish the profile of polyphenolic compounds and evaluate the content of tocopherols in walnuts of three varieties (Leopold; Apollo; Resovia) differing in the degree of maturity (harvest date). The profile of polyphenolic compounds was established by UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS. The content of tocopherols was determined by HPLC-FLD. It was found that the content of dry matter and fat increased and the antioxidant properties decreased with the maturation of nuts. Walnuts of the Leopold cultivar harvested in July exhibited the highest content of total polyphenol (2149.08 mg/100 g dry mass). In their polyphenolic profile; 26 compounds were identified; mainly belonging to the class of ellagitannins. The polyphenolic content decreased with the maturation of nuts. The total content of tocopherols in the tested nuts increased with ripening and ranged from 1.76 mg/100g (Apollo VII) to 18.30 mg/100g (Resovia IX)

scholarly journals Development of a Low-Temperature and High-Performance Green Extraction Process for the Recovery of Polyphenolic Phytochemicals from Waste Potato Peels Using Hydroxypropyl β-Cyclodextrin

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3611
Author(s):  
Achillia Lakka ◽  
Stavros Lalas ◽  
Dimitris P. Makris
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Potato Peels ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Antioxidant Characteristics ◽  
Ferulic Acids

Potato peels (PP) are a major agri-food side-stream originating from potato processing, but to date, their green valorization as a bioresource of antioxidant polyphenols is limited to extraction processes involving mainly water/ethanol-based solvents, whereas other eco-friendly methodologies are scarce. This study aimed at developing a simple, straight-forward and green extraction methodology to effectively recover PP polyphenols, using hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD). After an initial assay to identify the optimal HP-β-CD concentration that would provide increased extraction yield, optimization based on response surface methodology enabled maximization of the extraction performance, providing a total polyphenol yield of 17.27 ± 0.93 mg chlorogenic acid equivalent g−1 dry mass, at 30 °C. Testing of temperatures higher than 30 °C and up to 80 °C did not favor higher yields. The extracts obtained with HP-β-CD were slightly richer in polyphenols than extracts prepared with conventional solvents, such as aqueous ethanol and methanol, displaying similar antioxidant characteristics. The major polyphenols that could be identified in the extracts were neochlorogenic, chlorogenic, caffeic and ferulic acids. The outcome of this study demonstrated that HP-β-CD may be used as a highly effective green means of recovering PP polyphenols, at near-ambient temperature.

scholarly journals Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin as a Green Co-Solvent in the Aqueous Extraction of Polyphenols from Waste Orange Peels

Beverages ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achillia Lakka ◽  
Stavros Lalas ◽  
Dimitris P. Makris
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Aqueous Extraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Orange Peels ◽  
Green Food ◽  
Polyphenol Extraction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Solvent Acidity

There is, to-date, an expanding interest concerning the use of cyclodextrins as green food-grade co-solvents in the aqueous extraction of polyphenols, however, data regarding polyphenol extraction from waste orange peels (WOP) are lacking. On this ground, hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), a highly water-soluble cyclodextrin, was used to develop a simple and straightforward methodology for the effective recovery of WOP polyphenols. Process optimization by response surface showed that maximum total polyphenol recovery (26.30 ± 1.49 mg gallic acid equivalents g−1 dry mass) could be accomplished with 15 mM HP-β-CD at 40 °C. On the other hand, integration of ultrasonication pretreatment was found unsuitable, as it resulted in reduced polyphenol yield. Examination of solvent acidity indicated that polyphenol extraction may be enhanced at pH 4, but the difference was non-significant (p > 0.05) compared to yields attained at pH 2, 3, and 5. Extraction of WOP polyphenols with HP-β-CD was shown to provide significantly higher hesperidin yield compared to 60% (v/v) aqueous ethanol, which suggested selectivity of HP-β-CD toward this polyphenolic metabolite.

Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) as a Greener Alternative for the Extraction of Hydrophilic (Polar) and Lipophilic (Non-Polar) Phytonutrients

2019 ◽  
Vol 797 ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Leng Kua ◽  
Suyin Gan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Nutraceutical Compounds ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent

Phytonutrients extracted from natural resources are receiving much attention among researchers due to their highly antioxidative characteristics which prevent several degenerative diseases including cardiovascular diseases and cancers. These nutraceutical compounds can be used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products as natural antioxidants, preservatives, colourings and functional foods. Though much works have been reported on the extraction process, there are concerns on the health and safety risks posed by the commonly used organic solvents derived from petrochemical industry. Thus, there is a need to recover the phytonutrients using green, sustainable, efficient and low cost solvents that are safe for human consumption. This work discusses natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) as a potential solvent to extract both polar and non-polar phytonutrients simultaneously from natural resources. Previous attempts (in the most recent 3 years) to make use of NADES as an extractant to obtain phytonutrients are presented. The synthesis process of NADES and current challenges when employing NADES are also being reviewed.

Recovery of metabolites from natural deep eutectic solvent matrices by countercurrent separation

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Liu ◽  
J Garzon ◽  
JB Friesen ◽  
DC Lankin ◽  
JB McAlpine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent
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