scholarly journals The Combined Effect of Mediterranean Shrubland Pasture and the Dietary Administration of Sage By-Products on the Antioxidant Status of Segureña Ewes and Lambs

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 938
Author(s):  
María J. Jordán ◽  
Cristina Martínez-Conesa ◽  
Sancho Bañón ◽  
Julio Otal ◽  
María Quílez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Mediterranean Shrubland ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant ◽  
By Products

The objective of this study was to determine if the combined effect of ewe grazing and the incorporation of sage by-products in the lamb feed enhances the Segureña ewe and lamb antioxidant status. For that, the endogenous (related to blood antioxidant enzymes) and exogenous (plasma antioxidant activity) antioxidant systems of ewes and lambs were studied at the physiological stages of lactation, after weaning and at the end of the fattening period. Major results indicated that grazing improved the enzymatic antioxidant defense of ewes during the stressful period of lamb weaning, and also, the antioxidant status of the ewe plasma at both physiological stages: lactation and after lamb weaning. With regards to the lambs, ewe grazing stimulated the antioxidant enzymatic defense during lactation, but not the antioxidant capacity of the plasma. At the end of the fattening period, the inclusion of sage by-products in the lamb diet (10% w/w) enhanced both the enzymatic cascade and antioxidant capacity of the lamb plasma. The antioxidant capacity of the lamb meat was also studied and the benefits of sage were detected in samples from the deltoideus muscle. Thus, Mediterranean grazing stimulated the antioxidant defense in ewes, while the inclusion of sage by-products in the lamb diets enhanced the antioxidant status of both blood and meat.

Antioxidant status of blood in patients with vibration disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 978-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Malyutina ◽  
A. F. Bolotova ◽  
R. B. Eremeev ◽  
A. Zh. Gilmanov ◽  
D. Yu. Sosnin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vibration Disease ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Introduction. The overwhelming number of publications contains only data on the content of individual antioxidants, but not on the overall antioxidant activity of the blood in patients with vibration disease.The aim of the study was to determine the total antioxidant activity of blood serum in patients with vibration disease.Materials and methods. Th e main group consisted of 30 people diagnosed with “Vibration disease” of 1 degree (n=21) and 2 degrees (n=9). Th e control group consisted of 30 clinically healthy men, comparable in age with the main group (p=0.66). Th e total activity of antioxidant systems of blood plasma was evaluated photometrically using the test system “Total antioxidant status-Novo” (“Vector-best”, Russia).Results. The indicator of the total antioxidant status (TAS) was 1,038±0.232 mmol/l in the examined main group, against 1,456±0.225 mmol/l in the examined control group (p<0.000001). Th e coefficient of variation (CV) in patients with vibration disease was 22.35%, 1.45 times higher than in the control group (15.45%). In the main group there was a positive correlation between age and TAS (R=0.525), in the control group there was no such relationship (R=0.095). Th e degree of decrease depended on the severity of vibration disease.Conclusions. 1. The development of vibration disease is accompanied by a decrease in the antioxidant status of blood serum. 2. Th e degree of decrease in the antioxidant status of blood serum correlates with the severity of vibration disease. 3. Reduction of TAS can serve as a pathogenetic justification of the need to include drugs and/or biologically active additives with antioxidant activity in therapy

Relação entre Ácido Úrico Sérico e Capacidade Antioxidante em uma População de Hipertensos Atendidos em Unidade Básica de Saúde do Sul de Minas Gerais/ Relation between Serum Uric Acid and Antioxidant Capacity in a Population of Hypertensive Patients in a

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Hélida Márcia Pinelli ◽  
Kalina Tondato De Paula e Silva ◽  
Thiago Fernandes Marques ◽  
Stéphanie de Araújo Costa ◽  
Lázaro Alessandro Soares Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Concentration

Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre os níveis séricos de ácido úrico e capacidade antioxidante com a pressão arterial em indivíduos hipertensos. Métodos: Foram coletados sangue e amostras de urina isolada de 76 sujeitos (21-65 anos) provenientes de unidade básica de saúde. Antes da coleta a pressão arterial foi aferida e os sujeitos foram divididos em três grupos: normotensos (N); hipertensos controlados (HC) e hipertensos não-controlados (HNC). Foram determinadas as concentrações séricas de ácido úrico, ureia, creatinina e capacidade antioxidante. Proteínas totais e creatinina foram determinadas em urina isolada. Resultados: Os valores médios de ácido úrico foram significativamente elevados no grupo HC (mulheres = 5,64±1,2mg/dL; homens = 6,1±2,6mg/dL)  comparados aos normotensos (mulheres = 4,1±1,1mg/dL; homens = 5,1±1,8mg/dL) e HNC (mulheres = 4,82±1,1mg/dL; homens = 5,8±1,8mg/dL), p<0,001. Os valores de capacidade antioxidante expressos em μmol equivalentes Trolox/L foram significativamente maiores nos indivíduos usuários de inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina - IECA (690,9 ± 205,9) em comparação aos normotensos (568,0 ± 163,0) e usuários de outras classes de anti-hipertensivos (645,1 ± 145,0), p<0,01. Conclusão: Embora neste estudo o ácido úrico esteja elevado nos hipertensos, sua ação antioxidante pode contribuir diretamente para a diminuição do estresse oxidativo.    Palavras Chave: hipertensão, hiperuricemia, capacidade antioxidante  Objective: To investigate the relation between serum uric acid concentration and antioxidant status with blood pressure levels (BP) in hypertensive individuals. Methods: Blood and urine samples from 76 ambulatory patients (21-65 years-old) were analyzed. Based on the history and blood pressure levels, patients were divided into three groups: normal blood pressure (n=36), controlled hypertension (n=18) and not controlled hypertension (n=22). We analyzed urea, creatinine and serum antioxidant capacity from blood samples and proteins and creatinine from urine samples. Results: Controlled hypertension group had significantly higher blood uric acid (male=6,1±2,6mg/dl; female=5,64±1,2mg/dl) than normal (male=5,1±1,8mg/dl; female=4,1±1,1mg/dl) and not controlled blood pressure group (male=5,8±1,8mg/dl; female=4,8±1,1mg/dl; p<0,001). There was no correlation between uric acid and blood pressure. The values of antioxidant activity expressed in μmol equivalent Trolox/L were significantly higher in individuals treated with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (690,9 ± 205,9) than normotensive (568,0 ± 163,0) and users of other antihypertensive drugs (645,1 ± 145,0), p<0,01. Conclusion: Although in  this study the uric acid is high in the hypertensive patients, its antioxidant activity may contribute directly to the reduction of oxidative stress.   Keywords: hypertension, hyperuricemia, antioxidant status.

Consumption of Mesona chinensis Attenuates Postprandial Glucose and Improves Antioxidant Status Induced by a High Carbohydrate Meal in Overweight Subjects

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (02) ◽  
pp. 315-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charoonsri Chusak ◽  
Thavaree Thilavech ◽  
Sirichai Adisakwattana
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Dried Extract ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant ◽  
Overweight Subjects

Edible plants constitute a potential source for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to investigate in vitro antioxidant and intestinal α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Mesona chinensis (MC). In addition, the acute effect of MC on postprandial glucose and plasma antioxidant status after the consumption of a high carbohydrate (HC) meal by overweight subjects was also determined. The results showed that total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extract were 212.37 ± 5.64 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dried extract and 23.44 ± 2.50 mg catechin equivalents/g dried extract, respectively. MC extract markedly inhibited the intestinal maltase and sucrose with the IC50 values of 4.66 ± 0.22 mg/mL and 1.30 ± 0.43 mg/mL, respectively. However, MC extract had no inhibitory activity against pancreatic α-amylase. In addition, MC extract had antioxidant properties including DPPH radical scavenging activity, superoxide radical scavenging activity (SRSA), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and ferrous ion cheating activity (FICP). The significant decrease in postprandial plasma glucose, triglyceride and malondialdehyde levels, and the increase in plasma antioxidant capacity (FRAP and ORAC) were observed in overweight subjects receiving a HC meal together with MC extract (1 g). The finding supports that MC helps normalize and enhance antioxidant defense induced by a HC meal, suggesting that MC may have the potential for the prevention of chronic conditions and diseases associated with overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Metabolic and functional state of the liver at the combined effect of lead and fluorine on the background of bioprotectors application

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Fedorenko
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Combined Action

Introduction. The potential danger of combined effect of lead and fluorine to human health motivates the search and experimental substantiation of physiologically acceptable ways of bioprophylaxis directed to preventing or reducing the negative effect on the organism. Objective: the study of the dynamics of the metabolic and functional state of the liver under conditions of combined effect of lead and fluorine without application of bioprotectors and on the background of bioprotectors application. Material and Methods. 4 series of researches were carried out on white rats, each according to the orthogonal planning scheme 22. Lead and fluorine were administered by intragastric within 30 days: in the first series — without bioprotectors application, in the second series — on the background of pectin application, in the third series — pectin and calcium application, in the fourth series — the complex of pectin, calcium and triovit application. The level of diene conjugates, the active products of thiobarbituric acid, the activities of superoxide dis-mutase and catalase, the index of general antioxidant activity in the liver tissue, the activities of alanine aminotransferases, aspartate aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase in blood serum, concentration of urea were determined at the 15th and 30th day of the experiments, the integral coefficient of antioxidant defense and the type of combined action were calculated. Results. The combined effect of lead and fluorine leads to an imbalance between the indicators of lipoperox-idation and antioxidant activity of the liver tissue, the increased activities of alanine aminotransferases and aspartate aminotransferases, the phase changes in alkaline phosphatase activity, and urea concentration in serum. The application of pectin did not affect the indicators. Pectin and calcium have improved the mechanisms of antioxidant system and the activity of enzymes. The complex of pectin, calcium and triovit normalizes metabolic processes in the liver tissue and improves its functional state. The type of the combined action depends on the registered effect, the duration of the stress factor and the applied bioprotektor. Conclusion. The optimal prophylactic effect under the combined action of lead and fluorine is achieved with the help of a complex of pectin, calcium and triovit. Key Words: lead, fluorine, combined effect, pectin, calcium, triovit, indicators of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defense, enzyme activity.

scholarly journals Strawberry agro-industrial by-products as a source of bioactive compounds: effect of cultivar on the phenolic profile and the antioxidant capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Villamil-Galindo ◽  
Franco Van de Velde ◽  
Andrea M. Piagentini
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products

AbstractThe post-harvest processing of strawberries generates considerable amounts of by-products that consist of the inedible parts of the fruit (sepal, calyx, stem, and non-marketable portion of the fruit), which is an environmental problem for local producers and industries. This study aimed to revalue these kinds of tissues through identifying and quantifying the genotype influence on the total phenolic content, phenolic profile, and the antioxidant activity of the by-products from three strawberry cultivars: ‘Festival’ (FE), ‘San Andreas ‘ (SA), and ‘Camino Real’ (CR). The total phenolic content was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, in-vitro antioxidant activity by the DPPH* radical scavenging method and the phenolic profile by PAD–HPLC. The different genotypes showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in total phenolic content (TPC), FE being the one with the highest TPC (14.97 g of gallic acid equivalents < GAE > /Kg of by-product < R >), followed by SA and CR cultivars. The antioxidant capacity of the SA and FE tissues were similar (p > 0.05) and higher (15.1–16.3 mmol Trolox equivalents < TE > /Kg R) than CR. Eight main phenolic compounds were identified and quantified on the three cultivars. Agrimoniin was the principal polyphenol (0.38–1.56 g/Kg R), and the cultivar FE had the highest concentration. This compound showed the highest correlation coefficient with the antioxidant capacity (R2 0.87; p < 0.001). This study highlighted the impact of the multi-cultivar systems in strawberry production on the bioactive potential and the diversity of secondary metabolites obtained from strawberry agro-industrial by-products at a low cost.

scholarly journals Impact of Mycotoxins on Animals’ Oxidative Status

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Alexandros Mavrommatis ◽  
Elisavet Giamouri ◽  
Savvina Tavrizelou ◽  
Maria Zacharioudaki ◽  
George Danezis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Integrated Monitoring ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
By Products

Mycotoxins appear to be the “Achilles’ heel” of the agriculture sector inducing enormous economic losses and representing a severe risk to the health of humans and animals. Although novel determination protocols have been developed and legislation has been implemented within Europe, the side effects of mycotoxins on the homeostatic mechanisms of the animals have not been extensively considered. Feed mycotoxin contamination and the effects on the antioxidant status of livestock (poultry, swine, and ruminants) are presented. The findings support the idea that the antioxidant systems in both monogastrics and ruminants are challenged under the detrimental effect of mycotoxins by increasing the toxic lipid peroxidation by-product malondialdehyde (MDA) and inhibiting the activity of antioxidant defense mechanisms. The degree of oxidative stress is related to the duration of contamination, co-contamination, the synergetic effects, toxin levels, animal age, species, and productive stage. Since the damaging effects of MDA and other by-products derived by lipid peroxidation as well as reactive oxygen species have been extensively studied on human health, a more integrated monitoring mechanism (which will take into account the oxidative stability) is urgently required to be implemented in animal products.

scholarly journals Influence of Electronic Cigarettes on Antioxidant Capacity and Nucleotide Metabolites in Saliva

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Dominika Cichońska ◽  
Oliwia Król ◽  
Ewa M. Słomińska ◽  
Barbara Kochańska ◽  
Dariusz Świetlik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Trolox Equivalent

The balance between reactive oxygen species production and the activity of antioxidant systems present in saliva is an important element in maintaining oral environment homeostasis. E-cigarettes adversely affect the oral cavity and their cytotoxic effect is related to oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of using electronic cigarettes on antioxidant capacity of saliva. The study involved 110 subjects (35 e-cigarettes users, 33 traditional cigarettes smokers and 42 non-smokers). Laboratory analysis involved quantitation of uric acid, hypoxanthine, xanthine, TAOS (total antioxidant status) and TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) in saliva. Lower values for TAOS and TEAC were observed among e-cigarettes users and traditional cigarettes smokers in comparison to non-smokers. Uric acid concentration tended to be higher among e-cigarettes users while no differences in hypoxanthine and xanthine saliva concentrations were observed. Electronic cigarettes usage affects antioxidant capacity of saliva to the same extent as traditional cigarettes, when comparing smokers to non-smokers. Further longitudinal studies on a larger study group are needed to assess the effect of changes in antioxidant status on oral health.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products play a role in the pathophysiology of delirium after cardiac surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Kaźmierski ◽  
Piotr Miler ◽  
Agnieszka Pawlak ◽  
Hanna Jerczyńska ◽  
Joanna Woźniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Postoperative Delirium ◽  
Soluble Receptor ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant

AbstractCoronary-artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is known to improve cardiac function and decrease mortality, albeit, this method of treatment is also associated with a neuropsychiatric complications including postoperative delirium. The pathophysiology of delirium after cardiac surgery remains poorly understood. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether oxidative stress reflected by decreased preoperative and postoperative plasma antioxidant activity is independently associated with delirium after cardiac surgery. The second aim was to assess whether decreased antioxidant activity is stress-related or mediated by other pathologies such as major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorders, and cognitive impairment. Furthermore, the putative relationship between pre- and postoperative soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) overexpression and plasma antioxidant capacity was evaluated. The patients cognitive status was assessed 1 day preoperatively with the use of the Mini-Mental State Examination Test and the Clock Drawing Test. A diagnosis of MDD and anxiety disorders was established on the basis of DSM-5 criteria. Blood samples for antioxidant capacity and sRAGE levels were collected both preoperatively and postoperatively. The Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit was used within the first 5 days postoperatively to screen for a diagnosis of delirium. Postoperative delirium was diagnosed in 34% (61 of 177) of individuals. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that low baseline antioxidant capacity was independently associated with postoperative delirium development. Moreover, increased risk of delirium was observed among patients with a preoperative diagnosis of MDD associated with antioxidant capacity decreased postoperatively. According to receiver operating characteristic analysis, the most optimal cutoff values of the preoperative and postoperative antioxidant capacity that predict the development of delirium were 1.72 mM and 1.89 mM, respectively. Pre- and postoperative antioxidant capacity levels were negatively correlated with postoperative sRAGE concentration (Spearman's Rank Correlation − 0.198 and − 0.158, p < 0.05, respectively). Patients with decreased preoperative antioxidant activity and those with depressive episodes complicated with lower postoperative antioxidant activity are at significantly higher risk of delirium after cardiac surgery development. sRAGE overexpression may be considered as protective mechanism against increased oxidative stress and subsequent cell damage.

scholarly journals Investigation of antioxidant capacity of peptide fractions from the Tra catfish by-product-derived proteolysate using Flavourzyme® 500 mg

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (K7) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Tam-Dinh Le-Vo ◽  
Cuong Vi Tran
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Tra Catfish ◽  
Peptide Fractions ◽  
By Products

In this study, the antioxidant potential of peptide fractions isolated from the Tra catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) by-product-derived hydrolysate using ultrafiltration centrifugal devices with 3 distinct molecular-weight cutoffs (MWCOs) of 5KDa, 10KDa, and 30KDa was investigated. Firstly, the chemical composition of the Tra catfish byproducts was analyzed. The result showed that the Tra catfish by-products contained 58.5% moisture, 33.9% crude protein, 50.1% crude lipid and 15.8% ash (on dry weight basis). Secondly, the effects of enzyme content, hydrolysis time on the antioxidant activity of the hydrolysate were studied using DPPH• (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method (DPPH• SM), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant potential) method. Flavourzyme® 500 MG was used for hydrolysis. The result revealed that the antioxidant activity of the proteolysate reached the peak when the hydrolysis time was 3h, enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio was 25 U/g protein, hydrolysis temperature was 500C, pH was 7, and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of the hydrolysate reached 37.4%. Next, the proteolysate was further fractionated using MWCOs of 5KDa, 10KDa, and 30KDa and the peptide fractions were investigated for their antioxidant activity. The result showed that the <5KDa fraction showed strongest antioxidant activity with the 50% DPPH• inhibition concentration (IC50) of 3079.34±75.29 μg/mL and FRAP value of 611.28±4.5 μM Trolox equivalent. The second strongest fraction was 5-10KDa with the IC50 and FRAPS value of 4709.3 ± 222.22 μg/mL and 323.62±2.54 μM Trolox equivalent, respectively. The 10-30KDa fraction showed weakest antioxidant capacity with the IC50 of 5847.73 ± 128.68 μg/mL and FRAP value of 291.4±2.65 μM Trolox equivalent. The antioxidant peptides derived from Tra catfish by-products proteolysate have the potential to be used as natural antioxidant ingredients in pharmaceutical and food industry.

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