scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Efficacy of Fractions from Cassia fistula L. Leaves

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kaur ◽  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Sharad Thakur ◽  
Kapil Kumar ◽  
Ritika Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cation Radical ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Cassia Fistula ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Depolarization

Cassia fistula L. is a highly admirable traditional medicinal plant used for the treatment of various diseases and disorders. The present study was performed to divulge the antioxidant, antiproliferative, and apoptosis-inducing efficacy of fractions from C. fistula leaves. The hexane (CaLH fraction), chloroform (CaLC fraction), ethyl acetate (CaLE fraction), n-butanol (CaLB fraction), and aqueous (CaLA fraction) were sequentially fractionated from 80% methanolic (CaLM extract) of C. fistula leaves. The CaLE fraction was fractionated using column chromatography to yield a pure compound, which was characterized as Epiafzelechin (CFL1) based on 1H, 13C, and DEPT135 NMR. Among these fractions, CaLE and isolated CFL1 fractions exhibited an effective antioxidant potential in Ferric ion reducing power, (2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline -6-sulfonic acid)) cation radical scavenging, and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays. Epiafzelechin was investigated for its antiproliferative effects against MG-63 (osteosarcoma), IMR-32 (neuroblastoma), and PC-3 (prostate adenocarcinoma), and was found to inhibit cell proliferation with a GI50 value of 8.73, 9.15, and 11.8 μM respectively. MG-63 cells underwent apoptotic cell death on treatment with Epiafzelechin as the cells showed the formation of apoptotic bodies, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization along with an increase in early apoptotic cell population analyzed using Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay. Cells showed cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase accompanied by a downregulation in the expression levels of p-Akt (Protein kinase B), p-GSK-3β (Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta), and Bcl-xl (B-cell lymphoma-extra large) proteins. RT-PCR (Real time-polymerase chain reaction) analysis revealed downregulation in the gene expression level of β-catenin and CDK2 (cyclin-dependent kinases-2) while it upregulated the expression level of caspase-8 and p53 genes in MG-63 cells.

scholarly journals Variation in antioxidant activity at two ripening stages of wild mango, Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz., an underutilized fruit

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bince Mani ◽  
Sinjumol Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Antioxidant compounds play a significant role in preventing and scavenging free-radicals by reducing oxidative stress and providing protection to humans against degenerative diseases and infections. Obviously, antioxidant molecules of plant origin are pivotal to combat the oxidative harm in cells. Present work intended to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the fruits of Spondias pinnata. Methanol extracts of the fruits at two stages of maturity were prepared and investigated by various antioxidants analyses such as total antioxidant activity, reducing power and radical scavenging assays (DPPH, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide). Its total phenol, flavonoid and tannin contents were also determined. Spondias pinnata fruit extracts exhibited effective antioxidant activity and its IC50 values of the unripe fruits were 65, 66, 72.23, 83.25, 66.75 ?g/ml and ripe fruits were 124.24, 92.50, 97.66, 144.10, 72.25 ?g/ml, for total antioxidant activity, reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging, nitric oxide radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays respectively. The extracts, especially unripe fruit extract had good amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid contents which might contribute the antioxidant activities considerably. It is evident from the study that the fruits of S. pinnata possessed potent antioxidant activity and it can be considered as a good dietary choice among the underutilized fruits as well as common fruits. Therefore, wild mango may be a good choice of antioxidants of plant origin for dietary and pharmaceutical uses.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity of 8-Hydroxygenistein

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2090139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Shao ◽  
Tong Zhao ◽  
Hui-Ping Ma ◽  
Zheng-Ping Jia ◽  
Lin-Lin Jing
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biochanin A ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Total Antioxidant

It was reported that 8-hydroxygenistein (8-OHG) was synthesized by methylation, bromination, methoxylation, and demethylation using cheap and readily available biochanin A as raw material. All synthesized products were structurally confirmed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and 13C-NMR. In addition, we examined the antioxidant capacity of 8-OHG using 6 different methods such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical (ABTS) scavenging, nitric oxide radical (NO) scavenging, superoxide radical (O2 −•) scavenging, reducing power assay, and total antioxidant activity using ascorbic acid (VC) as a positive control. Compared with VC, 8-OHG exhibited higher total antioxidant activity and stronger scavenging activity on ABTS, NO, and O2 −•. These results indicate that 8-OHG is an excellent antioxidant agent and may be effective in preventing damage induced by free radical.

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CASSIA FISTULA EXTRACTS AGAINST ULTRAVIOLET C INJURY IN HUMAN CORNEAL EPITHELIAL CELLS

2019 ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
DEEKSHA K ◽  
CYNTHIA ARUNACHALAM
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Cassia Fistula ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
Uvc Radiation

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of Indian laburnum (Cassia fistula L. [CF]) leaf extracts and their impact on ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation-induced damage on human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells. Methods: The antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging ability of CF leaf extracts were determined by in vitro methods such as 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and reducing power. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and preliminary phytochemical screening were done to ensure the pharmacological effects of the extracts. The UVC radiation at wavelength 254 nm was used to irradiate HCE cells and cell viability was assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Results: Extracts at the concentration of 200 μg/ml did not affect the cell viability of HCE cells. Almost 50% cell death was observed after UVC irradiation at a dose of 200 J/m2. Both extracts showed a protective effect by increasing the cell viability of irradiated cells up to 57.28% and 62.39%. A dose-dependent increase in the TAC and reducing power of the extract was observed. The TPC in aqueous and ethanol extracts of CF leaves was 18.8 and 27.80 mg gallic acid equivalent/g sample while TFC was 8.47 and 16.5 mg quercetin equivalent per/gsample, respectively. Conclusions: CF leaves are a potent source of bioactive compounds with good antioxidant potential. Exposure to UVC radiation cause harmful effects on HCE cells and the extracts have shown to have potent protective effects on UV light-induced oxidative stress in HCE cells.

Radical Scavenging Activities of Heracleum aquilegifolium Wight (Apiaceae) Fruit Oils in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 653-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subbiah Karuppusamy ◽  
Gurunathan Muthuraja
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical

The fruits of Heracleum aquilegifolium Wight (Apiaceae) were collected from Western Ghats of the Indian Peninsula. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation. The chemical composition of the essential oils was analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). β -Pinene (22.3%), 1,8-cineole (20.3%), and β-phellandrene (12.4%) were the main components of H. aquilegifolium fruit oils. The antioxidant properties of essential oils of H. aquilegifolium were examined by different procedures namely reducing power ability, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide anion scavenging activity, and metal chelating activity. The antioxidant activities were compared with those of synthetic antioxidants and standard drugs such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, curcumin, and quercetin. The study confirmed the possible antioxidant potential of essential oils tested with various in vitro antioxidant methods. The presence of monoterpenes in combination with other components in the oils could be responsible for the activity

scholarly journals Cholinesterase, tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of randomly selected Umbelliferous plant species and chromatographic profile of Heracleum platytaenium Boiss. and Angelica sylvestris L. var. sylvestris

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkay Orhan ◽  
Fatma Tosun ◽  
Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Metal Chelating ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Chromatographic Profile

Neurobiological activity of the methanol extracts of thirteen Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) plants was tested against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and tyrosinase (TYR) using high-throughput screening technique. Although the extracts displayed none to low profile of inhibition against enzymes, the highest cholinesterase inhibition was observed with Heracleum platytaenium (32.52 ? 3.27 % for AChE and 46.16 ? 1.42 % for BChE) at 100 ?g mL-1. Since neurodegeneration is linked to oxidative damage, antioxidant potential of the extracts was searched through radical scavenging, metal-chelating capacity, and reducing power experiments and exerted modest levels of activity varying according to the method. The extracts had a better ability to scavenge nitric oxide radical (19.47 ? 2.09 % to 54.91 ? 1.98 %). Since these species are known to be rich in coumarins, our quantitative high-performance liquid chroatography (HPLC) analysis indicated presence of xanthotoxin, angelicin, isopimpinellin, bergapten, and pimpinellin in Heracleum platytaenium and angelicin and imperatorin in Angelica sylvestris var. sylvestris.

scholarly journals Characterization of (2E,6E)-3,7,11-Trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-Trien-1-Ol with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials from Euclea Crispa (Thunb.) Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
Chella Perumal Palanisamy ◽  
Bo Cui ◽  
Hong Xia Zhang ◽  
Thanh Trung Nguyen ◽  
Hoang Dung Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Isolated Compound ◽  
First Time ◽  
Diffusion Assay

(2E,6E)-3,7,11-Trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-1-ol or farnesol is a natural isoprenoid possessing a range of beneficial biological activities as anti-candidiasis, anti-tumor and anti-hyperglycaemia. The present study, for the first time, isolated and identified farnesol from Euclea crispa leaves’ extract, subsequently, validated its antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials. The isolated compound was confirmed by spectroscopic techniques including ultraviolet-visible (UV/Vis), fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), and 1H and 13C magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. By in vitro investigations, farnesol exhibited a considerable antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 113.79, 109.59, and 116.65 µg/mL for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays, respectively. Additionally, farnesol performed a potent reducing power capacity which was in line with ascorbic acid, an outstanding antioxidant. By the disc-diffusion assay, farnesol exposed the superior antimicrobial activity against various disease-causing microorganisms. Significantly, at the concentration of 50 µg/mL, the compound effectively inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger with inhibition zones of 12 and 11 mm, respectively. Findings from this research suggest that E. crispa leaf is a potential source of farnesol, a powerful antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.

scholarly journals High Throughput Comparison of 13 Herbal Plants Extracted by Heat-Refluxed and Heat-Pressurized Extraction Techniques Using Chemometrics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. I. Abdullah ◽  
Lee Suan Chua
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cation Radical ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Extraction Technique ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Spectrometric Data

Abstract BackgroundA reliable and effective extraction technique would be of great importance for high quality of herbal extracts. In particular, herbal extracts that are used for product development. MethodThirteen commonly used herbs of different families were selected and extracted using both heat-refluxed and heat-pressurized extraction methods for comparison. The yield and antioxidant capacity of the herbal extracts were compared and statistically analyzed for classification. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the dimensionality of mass spectrometric data generated by LC-MS/MS.ResultThe extraction yield was found to be higher in heat-refluxed extracts than those prepared by heat-pressurized system. Similarly, heat-refluxed system could produce herbal extracts with higher reducing power. Although majority of heat-pressurised extracts showed to have higher cation radical scavenging activity, the inhibition was mostly not more than 50%. The result of PCA revealed that only 22.4% and 16.1% of the total variance was recorded for the first two components from the total of 41 and 38 components for heat-refluxed and heat-pressurized extracts, respectively. Although low similarity among phytochemicals, the herbal extracts still could cluster according to their antioxidant capacity rather than the extraction technique. Herbal extracts with close phytochemical profiles were also located in the similar cluster of antioxidant assay. This explains the importance of phytochemicals contributing to the antioxidant capacity.ConclusionTo conclude, both extraction techniques were not comparable and the deviation of phytochemicals attributed to the difference in antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals In vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential of Leaves of Opuntia dillenii Haw.

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raushanara Akter ◽  
SM Raquibul Hasan ◽  
Md Mokarram Hossain ◽  
Taksim Ahmed ◽  
Muntasir M Majumder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Opuntia Dillenii

Antioxidant potential of the 80% methanol extract of the leaves of Opuntia dillenii was evaluated using 1, 1-diphenyl, 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide radical scavenging, reducing power, total phenol and total flavonoid content determination assays. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract was also carried out, which revealed that the extract possesses flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids and tannins. The extract showed significant antioxidant activities in all antioxidant assays compared to the reference antioxidant in a dose dependent manner. In DPPH radical scavenging activity, the IC50 value of the crude extract was found to be 15.71μg/mL while the IC50 value for the reference ascorbic acid was 10.84 μg/mL. Again, the extract showed remarkable nitric oxide scavenging potential and good reducing power. Moreover, the methanol extract was found to contain high amount of phenols and flavonoids, expressed as gallic acid and rutin equivalents respectively. Based on the findings of the present study, we conclude that the methanol extract of the leaves of O. dillenii possesses remarkable antioxidant potential which may be attributed to the high amount of phenols and flavonoids present in the extract. Key Words: Opuntia dillenii; Antioxidant; Reactive oxygen species; DPPH; Nitric oxide radical DOI: 10.3329/sjps.v2i1.5811Stamford Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.2(1) 2009: 22-26

Differential Antioxidant Composition and Potential of some commonly used Indian Spices

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
SHARDA CHOUDHARY ◽  
ANDY PEREIRA ◽  
SUPRATIM BASU ◽  
A. K. VERMA
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Food Preservatives ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Ability ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Spices and herbs have been added to Indian foods not only as flavoring agents but also as natural supplements of medicines and food preservatives. The purpose of this study was to study the composition and antioxidant potential of some commonly used seed spices and derive a correlation between their phytochemical components and antioxidant capacity. Crushed seeds of cumin (Cuminumcyminum), coriander (Coriandrumsativum), fennel (Foeniculumvulgare), fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum), ajwain (Trachyspermumammi) and turmeric (Curcuma longa)were usedto prepare methanolic extract and iron(III) reduction, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide , superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging, reducing power were assayed as an index of the antioxidant capacity along with phenolics and flavonoids were also estimated. In addition to turmeric, ajwain, fennel and coriander showed higher phenolic, flavonoid content, and antioxidant potential in comparison to fenugreek and cumin. The extracts of these spices are promising sources of alternative medicine with high free radical scavenging ability OF synthetic antioxidants and can also be used for therapeutic purposes as well.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF PTEROSPERMUM RUBIGINOSUM HEYNE EX WIGHT AND ARN AND PTEROSPERMUM RETICULATUM WIGHT AND ARN (STERCULIACEAE): AN IN VITRO COMPARATIVE STUDY

2019 ◽  
pp. 272-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENSON JACOB ◽  
SREEJITH K
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Protease Inhibition ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

Objectives: Plants from the family Sterculiaceae are used as folk medicine for treating various diseases in India. This study aims to determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Pterospermum rubiginosum and Pterospermum reticulatum of the family Sterculiaceae. The barks of P. rubiginosum and P. reticulatum are used in traditional medicine especially in the treatment of wounds, sprains, bone fracture, etc. This study, we compare the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of the stem bark of these two plants. Methods: The free radical scavenging assays such as 2,2–diphenyl,1–picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’–azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide radical, phosphormolybdenum assay, and reducing power assay are used for the measurement of antioxidant potentials. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts are evaluated by means of lipoxygenase (LOX) and protease inhibition. Results: Both P. rubiginosum and P. reticulatum scavenge DPPH (70.10% and 91.02%), ABTS (94.48 and 98.19%), hydroxy (76.02 and 87.67%), and nitric oxide (87.02 and 80.84%) radicals. Phosphomolybdenum assay and reducing power assay, used for the measurement of antioxidant potentials also showed good results. Regarding the anti-inflammatory potential, the methanolic extract of the plants shows anti-protease activity (51.29 and 64.93%) and anti-LOX activity (56%) while P. rubiginosum does not exhibit anti-LOX activity. Conclusion: The above results demonstrate that the plants P. rubiginosum and P. reticulatum are rich source of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds and it is the first report on theantioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the barks of these plants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document