scholarly journals Vitreous Antioxidants, Degeneration, and Vitreo-Retinopathy: Exploring the Links

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ankamah ◽  
J. Sebag ◽  
Eugene Ng ◽  
John M. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Age Related Changes

The transparent vitreous body, which occupies about 80% of the eye’s volume, is laden with numerous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants that could protect the eye from oxidative stress and disease. Aging is associated with degeneration of vitreous structure as well as a reduction in its antioxidant capacity. A growing body of evidence suggests these age-related changes may be the precursor of numerous oxidative stress-induced vitreo-retinopathies, including vision degrading myodesopsia, the clinically significant entoptic phenomena that can result from advanced vitreous degeneration. Adequate intravitreal antioxidant levels may be protective against vitreous degeneration, possibly preventing and even improving vision degrading myodesopsia as well as mitigating various other vitreo-retinopathies. The present article is, therefore, a review of the different antioxidant molecules within vitreous and the inter-relationships between vitreous antioxidant capacity and degeneration.

Age-Related Changes in Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades by Oxidative Stress

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Z Guyton ◽  
Myriani Gorospe ◽  
Xiantao Wang ◽  
Yolanda D Mock ◽  
Gertrude C Kokkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Age Related Changes

Mediterranean diet and oxidative stress

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Górska ◽  
Ilona Górna ◽  
Juliusz Przysławski
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Varied Diet ◽  
The Mediterranean

Purpose This study aims to analyze the antioxidant properties of the Mediterranean diet and describe methods that are used in clinical studies to assess its role in reducing oxidative stress. Design/methodology/approach The review presents the results of interventional and observational clinical trials aimed at assessing the influence of the Mediterranean diet on the level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, as well as the total blood antioxidant capacity. Findings The Mediterranean diet as a varied diet can be a better way to provide antioxidants to the body than supplements. Individual compounds administered in an isolated form can give the opposite effect to the expected, stimulating oxidative stress. The administration of antioxidants in the form of supplements instead of a varied diet is also associated with a lack of synergism of action. In studies on the importance of the Mediterranean diet in the reduction of oxidative stress, single markers are used to measure oxidative damage, the activity of enzymatic antioxidants and the concentration of individual non-enzymatic antioxidants. At the same time, the need to find markers that would assess the level of oxidative stress and the body’s antioxidant capacity more comprehensively is emphasized. Practical implications It should be taken into account that differences between in vivo and in vitro results may result from the fact of various factors, including genetic, smoking, intestinal microflora or diet composition. It is also necessary to answer the question about which marker or set of markers could in the most comprehensive way to assess the level of oxidative stress and the body’s antioxidant capacity. Originality/value The literature review shows not only the source of antioxidants in the Mediterranean diet. This paper also presents a critical approach to markers that allow the assessment of the antioxidant properties of the diet.

Age-related changes in apoptosis in rat hippocampus induced by oxidative stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Uysal ◽  
K Tugyan ◽  
I Aksu ◽  
S Ozbal ◽  
D Ozdemir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Cytokine modulation, oxidative stress and thymic dysfunctions: Role of age-related changes in the experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection

Cytokine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Pravato Colato ◽  
Vânia Brazão ◽  
Gabriel Tavares do Vale ◽  
Fabricia Helena Santello ◽  
Pedro Alexandre Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Cytokine Modulation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cruzi Infection ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Method validation to assess in vivo cellular and subcellular changes in buccal mucosa cells and saliva following CBCT examinations

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 20180428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Belmans ◽  
Liese Gilles ◽  
Piroska Virag ◽  
Mihaela Hedesiu ◽  
Benjamin Salmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Immunocytochemical Staining ◽  
Dna Double Strand Breaks ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dna Dsbs ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Objectives: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) is a medical imaging technique used in dental medicine. However, there are no conclusive data available indicating that exposure to X-ray doses used by CBCT are harmless. We aim, for the first time, to characterize the potential age-dependent cellular and subcellular effects related to exposure to CBCT imaging. Current objective is to describe and validate the protocol for characterization of cellular and subcellular changes after diagnostic CBCT. Methods: Development and validation of a dedicated two-part protocol: 1) assessing DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) in buccal mucosal (BM) cells and 2) oxidative stress measurements in saliva samples. BM cells and saliva samples are collected prior to and 0.5 h after CBCT examination. BM cells are also collected 24 h after CBCT examination. DNA DSBs are monitored in BM cells via immunocytochemical staining for γH2AX and 53BP1. 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) and total antioxidant capacity are measured in saliva to assess oxidative damage. Results: Validation experiments show that sufficient BM cells are collected (97.1 ± 1.4 %) and that γH2AX/53BP1 foci can be detected before and after CBCT examination. Collection and analysis of saliva samples, either sham exposed or exposed to IR, show that changes in 8-oxo-dG and total antioxidant capacity can be detected in saliva samples after CBCT examination. Conclusion: The DIMITRA Research Group presents a two-part protocol to analyze potential age-related biological differences following CBCT examinations. This protocol was validated for collecting BM cells and saliva and for analyzing these samples for DNA DSBs and oxidative stress markers, respectively.

scholarly journals Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract Prevents Ovarian Aging by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress in the Hens

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingting Liu ◽  
Xin Lin ◽  
Yuling Mi ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Caiqiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ovarian Aging ◽  
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin

Oxidative stress is an important inducement in ovarian aging which results in fecundity decline in human and diverse animals. As a potent antioxidant, grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) was investigated to ameliorate chicken ovarian aging in this study. Firstly, ovarian antioxidant capacity of hens at different ages (90, 150, 280, and 580 days old) was compared to elucidate its age-related changes. Subsequently, a D-gal-induced (2.5 mg/mL) aging ovarian model was established and the cultured ovarian tissues were treated with GSPE at 5 μg/mL for 72 h to evaluate the putative attenuating effects of GSPE on ovarian aging. Meanwhile, ovaries of D280 (young) and D580 (old) were treated with GSPE for 72 h in culture to verify the protective effects of GSPE on natural aging ovary. The results showed that GSPE could rescue the antioxidant capacity decline by increasing the antioxidase activities and their gene expression in either D-gal-induced or natural aging ovaries. Moreover, GSPE could maintain the homeostasis between cell proliferation and apoptosis in the D-gal-induced and natural aging ovaries, as well as alleviate D-gal-induced nucleus chromatin condensation in the ovarian granulosa cells. In conclusion, GSPE treatment can effectively prevent the ovarian aging process in hens by reducing oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Obesity and Age-Related Changes in Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Across Four Generations

Obesity ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1389-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerben Hulsegge ◽  
Gerrie-Cor M. Herber-Gast ◽  
Annemieke M.W. Spijkerman ◽  
H. Susan ◽  
J. Picavet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Age Related Changes
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