scholarly journals Antioxidant-Rich Natural Raw Materials in the Prevention and Treatment of Selected Oral Cavity and Periodontal Diseases

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1848
Author(s):  
Jolanta Pytko-Polończyk ◽  
Magdalena Stawarz-Janeczek ◽  
Agata Kryczyk-Poprawa ◽  
Bożena Muszyńska

Antioxidant-rich natural raw materials have been used for thousands of years in traditional medicine. In the past decade, there has been increasing interest in naturotherapy, which is a practice of using products with a natural origin. Natural products can be effective in the treatment and prevention of oral and dental diseases, among others. Such raw materials used in dentistry are characterized by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antiedematous, astringent, anticoagulant, dehydrating, vitaminizing, and—above all—regenerative properties. Reports have shown that a relationship exists between oral diseases and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota colonizing the oral cavity. This review aimed to analyze the studies focusing on the microbiome colonizing the oral cavity in the context of using natural raw materials especially herbs, plant extracts, and isolated biologically active compounds as agents in the prevention and treatment of oral and periodontal diseases such as dental caries as well as mucosal changes associated with salivary secretion disorder. The present work discusses selected plant ingredients exhibiting an antioxidant activity with potential for the treatment of selected oral cavity and periodontal diseases.

Author(s):  
Е.Б. Ганина ◽  
Ю.В. Червинец ◽  
Н.В. Грудинин ◽  
В.Г. Шестакова ◽  
В.М. Червинец ◽  
...  

Цель исследования - охарактеризовать микробиологическую картину стоматита до и после его лечения высокоактивными культурами лактобацилл, дать оценку эффективности их применения при экспериментальном стоматите. Методика. Опыты проводились на 32 самках беспородных белых крыс массой 230 г. Моделирование стоматита включало 2 этапа: моделирование травматического стоматита и воспроизведение бактериального стоматита на базе травматического. У крыс контрольной и опытных серий на всех этапах эксперимента брали мазки с поверхности десен для характеристики микробиоценоза ротовой полости. Результаты. После обработки слизистой оболочки полости рта (СОПР) культурой патогенного штамма Staphylococcus aureus существенно снизились частота встречаемости и количество условно-патогенных микроорганизмов. Лечение стоматита у крыс культурами лактобацилл ( Lactobacillus 11 зв., Lactobacillus 2 п.рта, Lactobacillus 24 д.ст.) и их комбинацией приводило к снижению распространенности S. aureus вплоть до его исчезновения, а также к нормализации количества условно-патогенной микробиоты. Заключение. Исследования показали эффективность использования отдельных высокоактивных штаммов лактобацилл или их комбинации при лечении заболеваний СОПР, в частности бактериального стоматита. Aim. To characterize the microbiological picture of stomatitis in intact rats before and after the treatment with highly active cultured lactobacilli and to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment in experiments on white rats. Methods. Experiments were carried out on 32 mongrel female white rats weighing 230 g. Smears were taken from the gum surface of control and experimental rats at all stages of the experiment to characterize the oral cavity microbiocenosis. Results. After treatment of the oral cavity with cultured Staphylococcus aureus , the occurrence and quantity of opportunistic microorganisms significantly decreased. The treatment of stomatitis in rats with cultured lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus 11 zv., Lactobacillus 2 p.r., Lactobacillus 24 d.st. and their combination) led to a decrease in S. aureus prevalence up to its extinction and to normalization of the quantitative composition of opportunistic microbiota. Conclusions. The study showed the effieacy of highly active lactobacillus strains individually or their combinations in the treatment of oral diseases, in particular, bacterial stomatitis.


Author(s):  
Chernichkina A.D.

A large number of biologically active substances, organic acids, tannins, and pectin substances were detected during the study of fruits, leaves, and pulp of the fruits of mountain Ash. The content of these substances in leaves and pulp will significantly expand the arsenal of medicinal plant raw materials used. Given the wide distribution of mountain Ash in the territory of the Russian Federation, harvesting leaves from the same plants after harvesting the fruit and using pulp will make it possible to obtain new phytopreparations.


2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Luszczak ◽  
Michal Bartosik ◽  
Jolanta Rzymowska ◽  
Agnieszka Sochaczewska-Dolecka ◽  
Ewa Tomaszek ◽  
...  

AbstractAccording to some studies, the Entamoeba gingivalis colonizing the gingival tissue is an important agent in bringing about periodontitis. Other studies, however, deem it an opportunist that is able to survive in the medium induced by periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis infection in patients from the Department of Periodontology, and compare this population with that of healthy people, so as to analyze the relationships between infection and patient sex and age. The result of this work is that in both groups, a correlation (p = 0,19) has been noted between the occurrence of amoebae and other diseases in the oral cavity. Indeed, 81,4% of all patients with some periodontal disease showed the presence of amoeba. Among those who are not afflicted with oral diseases, the presence of amoeba was indicated in 62,5% of the total. In addition, a correlation between the person's age and the presence of protozoa (p = 0,15) was strongly marked among women (p = 0,19). In the three age groups of women in this study (40-49, 60-69, and above 80 years), we observed a 100% presence of protozoa.Our study leads us to the conclusion that infections with Entamoeba gingivalis should be regarded as an factor that is associated with the pathological changes occurring in patients with periodontal diseases.


2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Ramakrishna ◽  
H Goda ◽  
MS Baliga ◽  
AK Munshi

The association between the oral microbiota and oral diseases is well established. Various antimicrobial agents including antibiotics are commercially available against oral pathogenic bacteria. For the reasons of antibiotic resistance, their adverse effects and financial considerations in the developing countries, there is a need for alternate preventive and curative treatment options that are also safe, effective and economical. Traditional medicines have been used since ancient times for the treatment of oral diseases including dental caries, periodontal diseases that affect the majority of the population and can affect a person's overall health. Natural phytochemicals are certain organic components isolated from plants and some of these extracts are considered to be beneficial to health. They serve as antioxidants, enhance immune response,provide protection against oral cancer and other diseases and also repair DNA damage caused by smoking and other toxic exposure, and detoxify carcinogens. The natural products derived from medicinal plants have proven to be an abundant source of biologically active compounds, many of which have been the basis for the development of new lead chemicals for pharmaceuticals.They are considered to be good alternatives to synthetic chemicals. This article presents a review of natural alternatives derived from plants and plant products that can serve as a prevention and treatment option against cariogenic bacteria.


2021 ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Н.Л. Девочкина ◽  
С.В. Мукиенко ◽  
Л.Г. Дугуниева

Представлена информация по изучению технологических особенностей культивирования нового для российского продовольственного грибного рынка вида дереворазрушающего гриба – шиитаке (Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sin). Шиитаке – один из наиболее перспективных для промышленного культивирования видов съедобных грибов, обладающих лечебными свойствами, занимает второе место в мировом производстве съедобных грибов. Работа по поиску материалов, используемых в качестве добавок к основному исходному материалу субстрата и способствующих созданию благоприятного водно-воздушного и кислотного режима, повышению питательности приготовленного субстрата, ускорению процесса вегетативного роста мицелия в субстрате, актуальна для грибоводческой практики. Цель исследований – разработать технологический процесс полного цикла культивирования шиитаке и установить его оптимальные параметры в производственных условиях ООО «Апрель». Исследования, испытания и разработку технологии полного цикла выращивания шиитаке проводили в лаборатории грибоводства ВНИИО – филиале ФГБНУ ФНЦО и на базе действующего предприятия по выращиванию дереворазрушающих грибов ООО «Апрель» с 2019 по 2020 год. Технология приготовления субстрата и выращивание плодовых тел шиитаке аналогична технологии производства вешенки. Изучено влияние состава субстрата на урожайность шиитаке в вариантах: 1. Опилки дуба (80%) + опилки березы (10%) + минеральные добавки (10%); 2. Опилки дуба (80%) + опилки березы (5%) + лузга семян подсолнечника, отруби пшеничные (5%) + минеральные добавки (10%). Использован штамм шиитаке 0912. В результате апробации разработанного технологического процесса полного цикла культивирования шиитаке в производственных условиях было установлено, что оптимальная продолжительность периода выращивания шиитаке и получение урожая в камерах выращивания составляет в среднем 53–68 суток. Важнейшая составляющая технологического процесса культивирования шиитаке – приготовление субстрата, подбор исходных материалов и биологически активных добавок, обеспечивающих его высокую питательность (содержание общего азота – 0,8–1,2% и более) и возможность получения урожая более 30–35% от массы субстрата с высокой экономической эффективностью от 290% (рентабельность производства). The article presents information on the study of technological features of cultivation of a new type of wood-destroying mushroom – shiitake (Lentinus edodes(Berk.) Sin), which is new for the Russian food mushroom market. Shiitake – one of the most promising types of edible mushrooms for industrial cultivation, which have medicinal properties, occupies the second place in the world production of edible mushrooms. The work on the search for materials used as additives to the main source material of the substrate and contributing to the creation of a favorable water-air and acid regime, increasing the nutritional value of the prepared substrate, accelerating the process of vegetative growth of mycelium in the substrate is relevant for mushroom growing practice. The purpose of the research – to develop the technological process of the full cycle of shiitake cultivation and to establish its optimal parameters in the production conditions of LLC April. Research, testing and development of the technology of the full cycle of shiitake cultivation were carried out in the laboratory of mushroom growing of ARRIVG – branch of Federal Scientific Centre of Vegetable Growing and on the basis of the existing enterprise for growing wood-destroying mushrooms LLC April from 2019 to 2020. The technology of preparing the substrate and growing shiitake fruit bodies is similar to the technology of producing oyster mushrooms. The influence of the substrate composition on the shiitake yield in the variants was studied: 1. Oak sawdust (80%) + birch sawdust (10%) + mineral additives (10%); 2. Oak sawdust (80%) + birch sawdust (5%) + sunflower seed husk, wheat bran (5%) + mineral additives (10%). The shiitake 0912 strain was used. As a result of testing the developed technological process of the full cycle of shiitake cultivation in production conditions, it was found that the optimal duration of the shiitake growing period and the harvest in the growing chambers is on average 53–68 days. The most important component of the technological process of shiitake cultivation is the preparation of the substrate, the selection of raw materials and biologically active additives that ensure its high nutritional value (total nitrogen content of 0.8–1.2% or more) and the possibility of obtaining a crop of more than 30–35% of the substrate weight with high economic efficiency of 290% (profitability of production).


1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela R. Overman

Abstract Dental researchers have attempted to understand the microbial nature of oral diseases over the past 120 years. Their view of plaque and its constituent microorganisms has shifted from a specific plaque hypothesis to a non-specific plaque hypothesis and back again to a theory of specific periodontal pathogens in plaque. Changes in the way plaque and its microorganisms are viewed affect the strategies used to prevent and control periodontal diseases. In recent years, dental researchers have begun to view plaque as a biofilm. This shifting view of plaque has important implications for future efforts in prevention and treatment. This article describes the various ways that dental professionals have viewed plaque throughout the years and highlights the current view of plaque as a biofilm and the ramifications for periodontal therapy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
J. Strugar ◽  
A. A. Orlova ◽  
M. N. Povydysh

Introduction. Understanding the mechanisms of accumulation of individual groups of biologically active substances in promising types of plant raw materials and the possibility of predicting them is important for solving fundamental and applied problems of pharmaceuticals. To date, differences have been revealed in the qualitative and quantitative composition of secondary metabolites in the aboveground and underground of Comarum palustre L., however, the issue remains unstudied.Aim. Comparative metabolomic study of the composition of the primary metabolites of the aboveground and underground parts of Comarum palustre L.Materials and methods. The object of the study was the aboveground and underground parts of Comarum palustre L., harvested in the vicinity of the nursery of medicinal plants of the St. Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University (Leningrad Region, Vsevolozhsky District, Priozerskoe Highway, 38 km) in 2019 and dried. Metabolomic studies based on GC-MS method was perfomed. A statistical analysis based on the MetaboAnalyst 5.0 platform was used.Results and discussion. Analysis of the chromatograms obtained using the GC-MS method revealed the content of 933 primary metabolites in the aboveground and underground parts of Comarum palustre L., 120 of which were identified. Using a number of statistical methods, 10 metabolites from monosaccharides, acids and alcohols, making the greatest contribution to the manifestation of differences between the studied samples, were identified.Conclusion. The study revealed the relationship between the composition of primary and secondary metabolites in medicinal plant raw materials.


Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Marta V. Vieira ◽  
Lorenzo M. Pastrana ◽  
Pablo Fuciños

Microalgae are microorganisms with a singular biochemical composition, including several biologically active compounds with proven pharmacological activities, such as anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, among others. These properties make microalgae an interesting natural resource to be used as a functional ingredient, as well as in the prevention and treatment of diseases, or cosmetic formulations. Nevertheless, natural bioactives often possess inherent chemical instability and/or poor solubility, which are usually associated with low bioavailability. As such, their industrial potential as a health-promoting substance might be severely compromised. In this context, encapsulation systems are considered as a promising and emerging strategy to overcome these shortcomings due to the presence of a surrounding protective layer. Diverse systems have already been reported in the literature for natural bioactives, where some of them have been successfully applied to microalgae compounds. Therefore, this review focuses on exploring encapsulation systems for microalgae biomass, their extracts, or purified bioactives for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic purposes. Moreover, this work also covers the most common encapsulation techniques and types of coating materials used, along with the main findings regarding the beneficial effects of these systems.


The technology of production of a biologically active phytocomplex in the form of a biologically active additive has been discussed. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the formulation, which forms the functional properties of a specialized product, has scientifically been determined. The main stages of production include the preparation and input control of the raw material, the preparation of a mixture for encapsulation, including the steps of dispensing, sieving, grinding and mixing at a rate of 100 kg / 1 h, encapsulation and deducting, packaging, packaging and storage. A description of the technology of ex-traction of plant raw materials has been given, which is of great importance in the formation of consumer properties of the product being developed. The extraction process includes: obtaining liquid recovery us-ing demineralized water with dissolved in it sodium bicarbonate in an amount of 8% of the dry feed con-tent. The extractant-raw ratio is 1:13, the extraction time is 4 hours for each time; thickening of the liquid extract. It is carried out by means of vacuum in a vacuum evaporator plant before obtaining an extract with a solids content of not less than 20%; obtaining a dry extract. It is carried out by spray drying at a temperature of 90-95 ° C. The advantage of the developed technology of dietary supplements is the possi-bility of combining several differently directed biologically active substances in one capsule. The gelati-nous membrane reliably protects the contents from various environmental factors. Functional properties of the formulation formula of a specialized product are aimed at the prevention and comprehensive treatment of infectious viral diseases, confirmed by the conclusion of experts from the Russian Federal Service for Consumer Rights and Consumer Protection and the results of clinical trials in a group of pa-tients with acute respiratory viral infections. The developed product has been approved and produced at the enterprises of the company «Art Life».


2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo A. Palombo

Oral diseases are major health problems with dental caries and periodontal diseases among the most important preventable global infectious diseases. Oral health influences the general quality of life and poor oral health is linked to chronic conditions and systemic diseases. The association between oral diseases and the oral microbiota is well established. Of the more than 750 species of bacteria that inhabit the oral cavity, a number are implicated in oral diseases. The development of dental caries involves acidogenic and aciduric Gram-positive bacteria (mutans streptococci, lactobacilli and actinomycetes). Periodontal diseases have been linked to anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis,Actinobacillus,PrevotellaandFusobacterium). Given the incidence of oral disease, increased resistance by bacteria to antibiotics, adverse affects of some antibacterial agents currently used in dentistry and financial considerations in developing countries, there is a need for alternative prevention and treatment options that are safe, effective and economical. While several agents are commercially available, these chemicals can alter oral microbiota and have undesirable side-effects such as vomiting, diarrhea and tooth staining. Hence, the search for alternative products continues and natural phytochemicals isolated from plants used as traditional medicines are considered as good alternatives. In this review, plant extracts or phytochemicals that inhibit the growth of oral pathogens, reduce the development of biofilms and dental plaque, influence the adhesion of bacteria to surfaces and reduce the symptoms of oral diseases will be discussed further. Clinical studies that have investigated the safety and efficacy of such plant-derived medicines will also be described.


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