scholarly journals In ovo Injection of a Galacto-Oligosaccharide Prebiotic in Broiler Chickens Submitted to Heat-Stress: Impact on Transcriptomic Profile and Plasma Immune Parameters

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micol Bertocchi ◽  
Marco Zampiga ◽  
Diana Luise ◽  
Marika Vitali ◽  
Federico Sirri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Energetic Metabolism ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Injection Treatment ◽  
Gene Sets ◽  
Environmental Treatment

This study investigated the effects of a galactooligosaccharide (GOS) prebiotic in ovo injected on intestinal transcriptome and plasma immune parameters of broiler chickens kept under thermoneutral (TN) or heat stress (HS) conditions. Fertilized Ross 308 eggs were injected in ovo with 0.2 mL physiological saline without (control, CON) or with 3.5 mg of GOS (GOS). Three-hundred male chicks/injection treatment (25 birds/pen) were kept in TN or HS (30 °C) conditions during the last growing phase, in a 2 × 2 factorial design. At slaughter, from 20 birds/injection group (half from TN and half from HS), jejunum and cecum were collected for transcriptome analysis, and plasma was collected. No differences in plasma parameters (IgA and IgG, serum amyloid) and no interaction between injection treatment and environment condition were found. GOS-enriched gene sets related to energetic metabolism in jejunum, and to lipid metabolism in cecum, were involved in gut barrier maintenance. A homogeneous reaction to heat stress was determined along the gut, which showed downregulation of the genes related to energy and immunity, irrespective of in ovo treatment. GOS efficacy in counteracting heat stress was scarce after ten days of environmental treatment, but the in ovo supplementation modulates group of genes in jejunum and cecum of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Splenic Gene Expression Signatures in Slow-Growing Chickens Stimulated in Ovo with Galactooligosaccharides and Challenged with Heat

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzbieta Pietrzak ◽  
Aleksandra Dunislawska ◽  
Maria Siwek ◽  
Marco Zampiga ◽  
Federico Sirri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Stress Related Genes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Resistance To Heat

Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) that are delivered in ovo improve intestinal microbiota composition and mitigate the negative effects of heat stress in broiler chickens. Hubbard hybrids are slow-growing chickens with a high resistance to heat. In this paper, we determined the impact of GOS delivered in ovo on slow-growing chickens that are challenged with heat. The experiment was a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. On day 12 of incubation, GOS (3.5 mg/egg) was delivered into the egg (n = 300). Controls (C) were mock-injected with physiological saline (n = 300). After hatching, the GOS and C groups were split into thermal groups: thermoneutral (TN) and heat stress (HS). HS (30 °C) lasted for 14 days (days 36–50 post-hatching). The spleen (n = 8) was sampled after acute (8.5 h) and chronic (14 days) HS. The gene expression of immune-related (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, and IL-17) and stress-related genes (HSP25, HSP90AA1, BAG3, CAT, and SOD) was detected with RT-qPCR. Chronic HS up-regulated the expression of the genes: IL-10, IL-12p40, SOD (p < 0.05), and CAT (p < 0.01). GOS delivered in ovo down-regulated IL-4 (acute p < 0.001; chronic p < 0.01), IL-12p40, CAT and SOD (chronic p < 0.05). The obtained results suggest that slow-growing hybrids are resistant to acute heat and tolerant to chronic heat, which can be supported with in ovo GOS administration.

scholarly journals Effect of galactooligosaccharides delivered in ovo on meat quality traits of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 612-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tavaniello ◽  
A. Slawinska ◽  
D. Prioriello ◽  
V. Petrecca ◽  
M. Bertocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Meat Quality Traits

scholarly journals Performance and Small Intestine Morphology and Ultrastructure of Male Broilers Injected in Ovo with Bioactive Substances

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Bogucka ◽  
Agata Dankowiakowska ◽  
Gabriela Elminowska-Wenda ◽  
Adrianna Sobolewska ◽  
Jan Jankowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Intestinal Villi

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to determine the effect of prebiotic and synbiotic preparations injected in ovo on day 12 of embryogenesis on both development of intestinal villi and the number of neutral goblet cells in the small intestine of male broiler chickens on day 35 of rearing. Eggs containing live embryos were randomly separated into five experimental groups (1800 eggs per group), and treated with different bioactive compounds by in ovo injection. The control group (C) was injected with physiological saline. The prebiotic groups (PI and PB) were injected with a solution containing 1.76 mg of inulin or with a solution containing 0.528 mg of Bi2tos. The injection solution for both synbiotic groups (SI and SB) consisted of 1.76 mg Inulin + 1000 CFU of L. lactis spp. lactis 2955 (SL1) or 0.528 mg Bi2tos + 1000 CFU of L. lactis spp. cremoris 477 (SC1). Samples for histological analysis were taken from the three segments of the small intestine: the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Broiler performance increased in the prebiotic group injected with Bi2tos when compared to both the control group and the prebiotic group injected with inulin. In relation to other groups, in the duodenum and ileum the highest intestinal villi were observed in chickens with the lowest body weight, i.e. groups C and PI. The smaller surface area of villi was found in the jejunum and ileum in group SB. As far as the jejunum and ileum are concerned, a significantly higher number of goblet cells was noted in groups PB and SB.

scholarly journals Effects of in ovo Injection of Astragalus Polysaccharide on the Intestinal Development and Mucosal Immunity in Broiler Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-bao Yang ◽  
Yan-jun Qin ◽  
Xin Ma ◽  
Wei-min Luan ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Development ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Time Points

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of in ovo injection of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on hatchability, body weight (BW), intestinal histomorphology, the number of IgA+ cells and sIgA content in intestine, and the expression of intestinal immune-related genes in broiler chickens. On day 18 of the incubation, a total of 960 live embryo eggs were weighed and randomly divided into 4 treatment groups: a control group and three APS groups. The eggs in the control group were injected with 0.5 mL physiological saline. The eggs in the APS groups were injected with 3 different amounts of APS in 0.5 mL physiological saline: 1 mg (APSL), 2 mg (APSM) and 4 mg (APSH). The solution was injected into the amnion of each egg. The results showed that in ovo injection of APS did not affect the hatchability but increased the body weight of the 14 d and 21 d chickens, with a significant increase observed in the APSM group (P &lt; 0.05). At most time points, the villus height (VH) was increased (P &lt; 0.05) and the crypt depth (CD) was decreased (P &lt; 0.05) in the small intestine of the broilers, with higher VH/CD ratios in the APSL and APSM groups compared with the control group. The number of IgA+ cells in the mucosa and the secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels in the intestinal washings were higher in the APSM and APSH groups than in the APSL and control groups. The gene expression levels of interleukin (IL)-2, interleukin (IL)-4, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 were significantly enhanced by APS stimulation at most time points (P &lt; 0.05). These results indicated that in ovo injection of APS has the potential of promoting intestinal development and enhancing intestinal mucosal immunity of broiler chickens in the early stage after hatching.

scholarly journals Exploring the effectiveness of in ovo feeding of vitamin C based on the embryonic vitamin C synthesis and absorption in broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufei Zhu ◽  
Jianfei Zhao ◽  
Chenxu Wang ◽  
Fei Zhang ◽  
Xinhuo Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Injection Site ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Sodium Dependent ◽  
Gulonolactone Oxidase ◽  
In Ovo Feeding ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background Many researches about in ovo feeding (IOF) of vitamin C (VC) are gradually carried out to explore physiological development in chicken, but little studies focus on VC synthesis capacity of the embryo itself, the selection of injection site and the effectiveness of IOF of VC. This study aims to explore the above problems. Results Kidney and yolk sac were the main organs for VC synthesis and L-gulonolactone oxidase (GLO) expression was lower during pre-hatch development than that during post-hatch development. Sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 1 (SVCT1) expression was increased continuously in yolk sac from embryonic age 19 (E19) to post-hatch day 1 (D1) and in intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) from E17 to D1. Plasma VC content was higher at D1 than that at D21 and D42. IOF of VC significantly reduced GLO expression in liver, kidney and yolk sac as well as SVCT1 expression in duodenum, jejunum and ileum, but increased the VC content in plasma, brain, kidney and liver. In addition, IOF of VC obviously reduced the embryonic morality and increased the hatchability under heat stress. Conclusions This study suggested that IOF of VC at E11 in yolk was effective for embryonic VC supplementation. These findings provide a theoretical reference about the method of embryonic VC supplementation and effective methodology on embryonic VC nutrition in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Effect of In-Ovo Ascorbic Acid Injection on the Bone Development of Broiler Chickens Submitted to Heat Stress During Incubation and Rearing

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sgavioli ◽  
CHF Domingues ◽  
ET Santos ◽  
TCO de Quadros ◽  
LL Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Acid Injection

scholarly journals Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles—Toxicity and Effect of In Ovo Inoculation on Chicken Embryo Development, Broiler Performance and Bone Status

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 932
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Matuszewski ◽  
Monika Łukasiewicz ◽  
Jan Niemiec ◽  
Maciej Kamaszewski ◽  
Sławomir Jaworski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Ovo

The use of intensive selection procedure in modern broiler chicken lines has led to the development of several skeletal disorders in broiler chickens. Therefore, current research is focused on methods to improve the bone quality in birds. In ovo technology, using nanoparticles with a high specificity to bones, is a potential approach. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of in ovo inoculation (IOI) of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CCN) on chicken embryo development, health status, bone characteristics, and on broiler production results and bone quality. After assessing in vitro cell viability, the IOI procedure was performed with an injection of 500 μg/mL CCN. The control group was not inoculated with CCN. Hatchability, weight, and selected bone and serum parameters were measured in embryos. Part of hatchlings were reared under standard conditions until 42 days, and production results, meat quality, and bone quality of broilers were determined. CCN did not show cytotoxicity to cells and chicken embryo and positively influenced bone parameters of the embryos and of broilers later (calcification) without negatively affecting the production results. Thus, the IOI of CCN could modify the molecular responses at the stage of embryogenesis, resulting in better mineralization, and could provide a sustained effect, thereby improving bone quality in adult birds.

Effects of in ovo injection of Astragalus kahericus polysaccharide on early growth, carcass weights and blood metabolites in broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hussin H. El-Fakhrany ◽  
Zenat A. Ibrahim ◽  
Elwy A. Ashour ◽  
Ali Osman ◽  
Mahmoud Alagawany
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
In Ovo Injection

scholarly journals Evaluation of Three Formulations of Essential Oils in Broiler Chickens under Cyclic Heat Stress

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1084
Author(s):  
Jared Ruff ◽  
Guillermo Tellez ◽  
Aaron J. Forga ◽  
Roberto Señas-Cuesta ◽  
Christine N. Vuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Body Core Temperature ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Body Core ◽  
Cyclic Heat ◽  
Group 2

The objective of the present research was to assess the dietary supplementation of three formulations of essential oils (EO) in chickens under heat stress (HS). Day-of-hatch Cobb 500 chicks (n = 500) were randomly distributed into four groups: 1. HS control + control diets; 2. HS + control diets supplemented with 37 ppm EO of Lippia origanoides (LO); 3. HS + control diets supplemented with 45 ppm LO + 45 ppm EO of Rosmarinus officinalis (RO) + 300 ppm red beetroot; 4. HS + 45 ppm LO + 45 ppm RO + 300 ppm natural betaine. Chickens that received the EO showed significant (p < 0.05) improvement on BW, BWG, FI, and FCR compared to control HS chickens. Average body core temperature in group 3 and group 4 was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced compared with the HS control group and group 2. Experimental groups showed a significant reduction in FITC-d at 42 days, a significant increase in SOD at both days but a significant reduction of IFN-γ and IgA compared with HS control (p < 0.05). Bone mineralization was significantly improved by EO treatments (p < 0.05). Together these data suggest that supplemental dietary EO may reduce the harmful effects of HS.

scholarly journals Bacillus subtilis-Based Probiotic Improves Skeletal Health and Immunity in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Heat Stress

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1494
Author(s):  
Sha Jiang ◽  
Fei-Fei Yan ◽  
Jia-Ying Hu ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed ◽  
Heng-Wei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
Welfare Issue ◽  
And Performance

The elevation of ambient temperature beyond the thermoneutral zone leads to heat stress, which is a growing health and welfare issue for homeothermic animals aiming to maintain relatively constant reproducibility and survivability. Particularly, global warming over the past decades has resulted in more hot days with more intense, frequent, and long-lasting heat waves, resulting in a global surge in animals suffering from heat stress. Heat stress causes pathophysiological changes in animals, increasing stress sensitivity and immunosuppression, consequently leading to increased intestinal permeability (leaky gut) and related neuroinflammation. Probiotics, as well as prebiotics and synbiotics, have been used to prevent or reduce stress-induced negative effects on physiological and behavioral homeostasis in humans and various animals. The current data indicate dietary supplementation with a Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic has similar functions in poultry. This review highlights the recent findings on the effects of the probiotic Bacillus subtilis on skeletal health of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. It provides insights to aid in the development of practical strategies for improving health and performance in poultry.

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