scholarly journals Influence of Feeding Linseed on SCD Activity in Grazing Goat Mammary Glands

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Tudisco ◽  
Biagina Chiofalo ◽  
Vittorio Lo Presti ◽  
Valeria Maria Morittu ◽  
Giuseppe Moniello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

The effects of linseed feeding on the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity were evaluated on grazing dairy goats divided into two homogeneous groups (C, control, and L, treated) fed the same amount of concentrate which, for group L was supplemented with linseed. Milk yield was unaffected by the treatment. Group L showed significantly higher milk fat (4.10% vs 2.94%, p < 0.01) than group S. Within milk fatty acids, group C showed significantly higher levels of saturated fatty acids and lower values of mono-unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In group L, total CLAs were higher than in group S (0.646% vs 0.311%; p < 0.01) mainly because of the differences in CLA cis9 trans 11 (0.623% vs 0.304%; p < 0.01). In treated animals, SCD activity, measured as cis9 C14:1/C14:0, was lower than in the control group, mainly in July and August.

scholarly journals Influence of Pasture on Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase and miRNA 103 Expression in Goat Milk: Preliminary Results

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Tudisco ◽  
Valeria Maria Morittu ◽  
Laura Addi ◽  
Giuseppe Moniello ◽  
Micaela Grossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

The effect of pasture on the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and miRNA 103 expression was evaluated on dairy goats divided into two homogeneous groups (G, grazing, and S, stable). Group S was housed in a stall and received alfalfa hay as forage, while group G was led to pasture. The goats of both the groups received the same amount of concentrate. Milk yield did not differ statistically between the groups. Group G showed significantly higher fat (4.10% vs. 2.94%, p < 0.01) and protein percentage (3.43% vs. 3.25%; p < 0.05) than group S. Among milk fatty acids, group S showed significantly higher levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and lower values of mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA). The percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were not different between groups even if pasture significantly affected the percentages of C18:3 and total omega 3. In group G, total CLAs were twice than in group S (0.646% vs. 0.311%; p < 0.01) mainly due to the differences in CLA cis9 trans 11 (0.623% vs. 0.304%; p < 0.01). Milk total CLA in grazing group was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in August according to the highest value of both linoleic and α-linolenic acids in the pasture. In grazing animals, SCD expression decreased from April to June, increased in July and decreased again in August, while it was almost unvaried along the trial in group S. By contrast, the expression of miRNA 103 showed a similar trend for both groups, decreasing from April to June, increasing in July and falling down in August. To our knowledge, this is the first observation of the effects of pasture on miRNA expression in milk from ruminant species.

scholarly journals An overview on the use of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in animal nutrition

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željka Klir ◽  
Josip Novoselec ◽  
Zvonko Antunović
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Conjugated Fatty Acid ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Hemp Oil

The aim of the paper was to research the possibility of using hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in animal nutrition. In animal nutrition, hemp seeds can be used, as well as hempseed cake, and hemp oil as supplement in feed mixtures. Hemp seeds are rich in crude protein and crude fat with adequate proportions of linoleic (LA, C18:2 n-6) and linolenic (ALA, C18:3 n-3) acid. The addition of hemp oil in diets of dairy goats increased milk fat with increasing conjugated fatty acid (CLA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) proportions. When feeding ewes with addition of hemp seeds (180 g/day) or hempseed cake (480 g/day), higher milk fat content was observed with higher proportions of LA, CLA and ALA. Addition of hempseed cake (143 g/ kg DM) in diets of cows increased milk yield, compared to the control group and the group with higher levels of hempseed cake (233 or 318 g/kg DM). Nutrition of laying hens with hemp seeds in diet (10 and 20%) provided enrichment of yolk fat with ALA, and did not negatively influence laying performance. The aforementioned indicated possibility of using hemp in diets of animals without major changes in production, and with possible increase of desirable fatty acids in animal products.

Milk fatty acids profile and arterial blood milk fat precursors concentration of dairy goats fed increasing doses of soybean oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.C. Almeida ◽  
A.V. Pires ◽  
I. Susin ◽  
R.S. Gentil ◽  
C.Q. Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Arterial Blood

scholarly journals Short communication: Relationships between the daily intake of unsaturated plant lipids and the contents of major milk fatty acids in dairy goats

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e06SC03 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés L. Martínez Marín ◽  
Nieves Núñez Sánchez ◽  
Ana I. Garzón Sigler ◽  
Francisco Peña Blanco ◽  
Miguel Angel De la Fuente
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Plant Lipid ◽  
Plant Lipids ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Meta Regression

<p>A meta-regression of the effects of the amount of plant lipids consumed by dairy goats on the contents of some milk fat fatty acids (FA) was carried out. Fourteen peer-reviewed published papers reporting 17 experiments were used in the study. Those experiments compared control diets without added fat with diets that included plant lipids rich in unsaturated FA, summing up to 64 treatments. The results showed that increasing daily intake of plant lipids linearly reduced the contents of all medium chain saturated FA in milk fat. Moreover, it was observed that the longer the chain of the milk saturated FA, the greater the negative effect of the plant lipid intake on their contents. On the other hand, the contents of stearic acid and the sum of oleic, linoleic and α-linolenic acids in milk fat linearly increased as daily plant lipid intake rose. The results obtained corroborate previous reports on the effects of feeding dairy goats with increasing amounts of unsaturated plant lipids on milk FA profile.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Grape Pomace and Seed on Ewe Milk and Meat Quality of Their Suckling Lambs

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Resconi ◽  
M. Pascual-Alonso ◽  
L. Aguayo-Ulloa ◽  
G. C. Miranda-de la Lama ◽  
S. Alierta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Control Group ◽  
By Products

The effect of wine by-products in the feeding of ewes on fatty acid composition of milk and meat of their suckling lambs and the sensory quality of the meat was investigated. Forty-two ewes were fed during the second half of gestation and lactation one out of three treatments: a control diet based on a commercial concentrate and two concentrates supplemented with either 10% grape pomace or 5% grape seed. In addition, all animals had ad libitum access of Lucerne chaff. The control group showed lower concentration of saturated fatty acids (mainly in short and medium chain) and higher monounsaturated fatty acids (mainly oleic acid) in the milk fat, being the total polyunsaturated fatty acids unchanged. However, this variation was not reflected in the meat of the suckling lambs, where only few differences in individual fatty acids were found, such as linoleic acid being highest in the pomace treatment. Spicy and metallic flavours were increased in the wine by-products groups, but overall liking was not affected. The by-products added to the diets may be a good way to reduce costs on feeding and waste, but they were not able to provide a healthier fatty acid profile, neither in milk nor in the meat of the suckling lambs.

scholarly journals Milk Fatty Acid Profiles in Different Animal Species: Focus on the Potential Effect of Selected PUFAs on Metabolism and Brain Functions

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1111
Author(s):  
Maria P. Mollica ◽  
Giovanna Trinchese ◽  
Fabiano Cimmino ◽  
Eduardo Penna ◽  
Gina Cavaliere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
The Impact

Milk contains several important nutrients that are beneficial for human health. This review considers the nutritional qualities of essential fatty acids (FAs), especially omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) present in milk from ruminant and non-ruminant species. In particular, the impact of milk fatty acids on metabolism is discussed, including its effects on the central nervous system. In addition, we presented data indicating how animal feeding—the main way to modify milk fat composition—may have a potential impact on human health, and how rearing and feeding systems strongly affect milk quality within the same animal species. Finally, we have presented the results of in vivo studies aimed at supporting the beneficial effects of milk FA intake in animal models, and the factors limiting their transferability to humans were discussed.

scholarly journals Dietary fat intake in healthy adolescents: inverse relationships between the estimated intake of saturated fatty acids and serum cholesterol

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gösta Samuelson ◽  
Lars-Erik Bratteby ◽  
Rawya Mohsen ◽  
Bengt Vessby
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Cholesterol Esters ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The One

The objective of the present study was to describe the intake of dietary fatty acids among healthy 15-year-old boys and girls and to relate the intake of specific fatty acids and the fatty acid composition of the serum cholesterol esters to serum lipid, apolipoprotein (Apo) and insulin concentrations respectively. Fifty-two girls and forty-two boys were randomly selected from the official population register. Unexpectedly, significant inverse associations were found between the dietary content of saturated fatty acids with a chain length of four to fifteen C atoms, mainly derived from milk fat, as well as the corresponding fatty acids in the serum cholesterol esters, on the one hand and the serum concentrations of cholesterol and ApoB on the other. The estimated dietary intake of 4:0–10:0, 12:0 and 14:0 respectively, were all significantly inversely related to the serum cholesterol (r-0.32,r-0.31,r-0.30, all P<0.05) and ApoB (r-0.42,r-0.42, andr-0.40, all P<0.05) concentrations in girls and 12:0 to the ApoB concentration (r-0.55, P<0.01) in boys. The proportions of 12:0 and 15:0 in the serum cholesterol esters were negatively correlated with the serum cholesterol concentrations in both girls (r-0.34,r-0.32, P<0.05) and boys (r-0.53, P<0.01;r-0.32, P<0.05) and with the ApoB concentrations among boys (r-0.61, P<0.01;r-0.43, P<0.05). It is conceivable that milk fat contains or is associated with some component in the diet, or some other characteristics of the food intake, which counterbalances the expected positive relationships between saturated fat intake and lipid levels.

scholarly journals Effect of Chlorella Vulgaris and Japonochytrium sp. Microalgae Supplementation on Composition and Fatty Acid Profile of Goat Milk

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1585-1593
Author(s):  
Klára Novotná ◽  
Milena Fantová ◽  
Lenka Nohejlová ◽  
Markéta Borková ◽  
Luděk Stádník ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Basic Composition ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two species of the microalgae on the milk yield, the basic composition and the fatty acid profile of goat milk, with focus on n‑3 fatty acids. Forty‑five White short‑haired goats were randomly allocated to three groups; the control group (C) with no supplementation microalgae to the diet. The first experimental group (Ch) was supplemented with Chlorella vulgaris and second experimental group (J) has been supplemented with Japonochytrium sp. The Japonochytrium supplementation negatively affected milk yield, but the amount of milk fat (+0.1 %; +0.45 %) and solids‑not‑fat (+0.27 %; +0.86 %) were higher than in group C and Ch. The amount of polyunsaturated (5.527 % ± 0.378) and saturated (71.560 % ± 0.861) fatty acids was also highest in group J. An increase of C20:4, C20:5 was detected in J and Ch, and the concentration of C22:6 was highest in group J (+0.019 %; P < 0.001).

scholarly journals Daytime Grazing in Mountainous Areas Increases Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Decreases Cortisol in the Milk of Holstein Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3122
Author(s):  
Jalil Ghassemi Nejad ◽  
Bae-Hun Lee ◽  
Ji-Yung Kim ◽  
Kyung-Il Sung ◽  
Hong-Gu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Lactating Cows

The effects of grazing lactating cows in mountainous areas for 12 and 24 h compared with the confined indoor system were evaluated by examining the overall milk fatty acid and cortisol. Twenty-one dairy cows were allocated to three treatment groups: (1) control (confined management system in a free-stall barn; TMR based), (2) grazing for 12 h (12hG; TMR plus grazing pasture), and (3) grazing for 24 h (24hG; pasture-based feeding system). Dry matter intake was higher in the control and 12hG groups than in the 24hG group. The yields of total milk and the 3.5% fat-corrected milk were the lowest in the 24hG group. Milk fat was the highest in the 24hG group and higher in 12hG compared with the control group. Milk protein and lactose levels were the highest in the 12hG group. The highest somatic cell count was observed in the 24hG group. The saturated fatty acid levels were higher in the control group compared with the 12hG and 24hG groups. There was no difference in overall mono-unsaturated fatty acids between 12hG and 24hG groups. Poly-unsaturated fatty acids were higher in the 12hG group compared with the control and 24hG groups. There was no difference in omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids among the groups, and omega-3 fatty acids were higher in the 12hG group than in the control group. Milk cortisol was the highest in the 24hG group and higher in the control group compared with the 12hG group. Taken together, grazing for 12 h is advisable for farms that have access to mountainous areas to improve the milk fatty acid profile and decrease the stress levels in high-yielding Holstein lactating cows.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the eating habits of breast cancer patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Kayan Tapan ◽  
Zeynep Erdogan Iyigun ◽  
Serkan Ilgun ◽  
Vahit Ozmen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

Objective: To determine the relationship between the dietary characteristics of breast cancer patients. Methods: Patients with breast cancer whose treatments have finished and are in remission formed the study group and healthy people formed the control group. Demographic, anthropometric characteristics, food consumption frequency form and exercise status were recorded with all groups. Data analysis was done by SPSS 22. Results: In the study group, mean carbohydrate percentage was lower, while fat, fat percentage, monosaccharide, glucose, fructose, omega3(n3), saturated fatty acids(SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), vitamin A, C, E, B6, biotin and copper values were significantly higher (p<0.05). Recurrence was observed in seven patients (7.1%) during the follow-up period, hormone receptor levels (ER) and vitamin B2 intake (accuracy 93.9%) were inversely related to the recurrence of the disease (p=0.02). Conclusions: While the percentage of carbohydrate taken was lower in study group; total fat, n3, SFA, MUFA, monosaccharide, glucose, fructose, water-soluble fiber, B6, biotin and copper values were higher. Further studies are needed for vitamin B2 deficiency in patients with recurrence. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2368 How to cite this:Tapan TK, Iyigun ZE, Ilgun S, Ozmen V. Evaluation of the eating habits of breast cancer patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2368 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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