scholarly journals Avoidance Distance in Sheltered Cows and Its Association with Other Welfare Parameters

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 396
Author(s):  
Sharma ◽  
Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Welfare Assessment ◽  
Tarsal Joint ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Animal Contact ◽  
Human Animal

The human–animal relationship is an important welfare parameter in animal welfare assessment in cows, and the avoidance distance of cows to a stranger at the feed bunk is measured to assess this relationship. The assessment of the human–animal relationship in cow shelters in India, where old, unproductive, and abandoned cows are sheltered, is important to explore the welfare of cows in these shelters. The cows observed were of indigenous Indian breeds and breeds which were crosses between indigenous breeds and pure bred exotic cows. The human–animal contact in this context is of particular interest for welfare assessment as traditional Indian farming and sheltering systems involves regular close human–animal contact. In a cross-sectional study across 6 states, 54 cow shelters were visited and 30 cows in each shelter were randomly selected (1620 in total) for the assessment of avoidance distance and other cow-based (27 parameters) and resource-based (15 parameters) welfare parameters. Avoidance distance was assessed 1 h after morning feeding. Cows standing at the feeding manger were approached from the front at a rate of one step/s, starting 2 m away from the manger. The distance between the assessor’s hand and the cow’s head was estimated at the moment the cow moved away and turned its head, using a four-point scale (0, touched; 1, 0–50 cm; 2, 51–100 cm; and 3, >100 cm). The majority, 52%, of the cows allowed touch by the assessor and another 32% allowed approach within 50 cm, demonstrating tolerance, or even solicitation of close human–animal relationships by the cows. Avoidance distance increased with the proportion of cows with dirty hind limbs, tarsal joint swellings, and hair loss, and the extent of rumen fill. There was also evidence of reduced avoidance distances in cows with high levels of body condition score (BCS), dirty flanks, tarsal joint ulceration, carpal joint injuries, diarrhoea, hampered respiration, lesions on the body due to traumatic injuries, and body coat condition, probably as a result of moving difficulties. The avoidance distance was thus related to the health and welfare of the cows, providing a vital insight into the factors affecting human–animal contact in the shelters.

scholarly journals Lameness in Sheltered Cows and Its Association with Cow and Shelter Attributes

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Sharma ◽  
Clive J. C. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Joint Injuries ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Carpal Joint ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

The sheltering of old, unproductive and abandoned cows in traditional cow shelters, known as gaushalas, has been practiced in India since ancient times. Cows are kept in these shelters until they die of natural causes. The welfare of the cows in these shelters was assessed through a cross-sectional study of 54 cow shelters in six states of India. A total of 1620 cows were examined to assess the prevalence of lameness in these cows, and the associated risk factors for lameness were identified through the measurement of animal-based and resource-based welfare indicators. The overall lameness prevalence was 4.2%. The majority (86%) had mild to moderate hock joint swellings but no or only mild carpal joint injuries. Approximately one-half had mild to moderate hock joint hair loss and most were free of hock joint ulcerations. Claw overgrowth was present in almost one half of the cows. Lameness prevalence was positively correlated with coat dirtiness, hock and carpal joint lesions, diarrhea and claw overgrowth scores. In a multivariate analysis, lameness prevalence increased as the Body Condition Score (BCS) decreased and was associated with increased udder dirtiness, the ulceration of the hock joint, carpal joint injuries and claw overgrowth. Resource-based indicators measured at the shelter level suggested that an absence of bedding in the sheds and an increase in the gradient of the shed flooring increased lameness. Addressing the principle risk factors identified for lameness in the sheltered cows (low body condition, dirty udders, lesions on the hock and carpal joints, overgrown claws, and a steep floor gradient) may help to reduce this serious animal welfare problem.

AN INVESTIGATION OF EATING AWARENESS RISK FACTORS IN A DISTRICT FACULTY AND VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. 52-66
Author(s):  
özgür önal ◽  
Mustafa DOĞRU ◽  
Aydan KÜLCÜ
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Face To Face

AIM: This research was carried out to evaluate the awareness of eating in students studying at the college and to determine the factors affecting it. METHOD: This cross-sectional study, which was carried out in students of a district faculty and vocational school with 1750 students, was applied to 330 students face-to-face with a random sampling method. Eating awareness and affecting factors were examined and the factors examined by single analyzes were resolved by multiple linear regression. RESULTS: In the study group, 66.5% of whom were women and approximately half of them were in 1 class, the factors affecting eating awareness were found to be increased by not using alcohol, seeing the body as normal or weak and making applications to lose weight. In the study, it was determined that the awareness of eating classes, exercise, smoking status and anthropometric measurement differences did not affect eating awareness. CONCLUSION: Alcohol use and studies on improving the body perceptions of people should be done in applications aimed at increasing awareness of eating.

scholarly journals Vitamin D3 Level And Risk of Diabetes In Patients With Hyperuricemia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Rongpeng ◽  
Zixin Xu ◽  
Xiaoxin Wei
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that hyperuricemia is involved in diabetes, obesity, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and other diseases. At the same time, studies have shown that vitamin D3 levels in the body are linked to the onset of diabete. However, there is currently no sufficient evidence to prove whether this connection is affected by uric acid levels. Therefore, we attempted to investigate the relationship between vitamin D3 content and the occurrence of diabetes in the hyperuricemia population by using the data of the NHANES database from 2009 to 2018.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional study using the NHANES database. According to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, we finally selected 3543 representative data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between vitamin D3 and diabetes in the hyperuricemia population after complete adjustment. We found a linear relationship between vitamin D3 content and the incidence of diabetes.ResultThe results of this study showed that there was a correlation between the content of vitamin D3 and the incidence of diabetes in people with hyperuricemia, and the effect values (OR and 95% confidence interval) were 0.95and (0.92-0.98), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant.ConclusionOur study shows that vitamin D3 content is associated with the incidence of diabetes in people with high uric acid. This study provides a new idea for exploring the factors affecting the pathogenesis of diabetes in patients with hyperuricemia.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Acceleration of Healing for COVID-19 Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Warti Ningsih* Kursiah ◽  
Muhammad Giatman ◽  
Desi Nindya Kirana ◽  
Rahmi Pramulia FS ◽  
Martilova Dona
Keyword(s):  
Community Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Correlational Research ◽  
The City

COVID-19 is a pandemic that has occurred since the beginning of 2020 which began in the city of Wuhan in China. In principle, the virus cannot enter the body if you have good immunity. Indonesia had reached the highest mortality rate of around 9.11 percent on Saturday, April 4, 2020. The purpose of this study was to find out what are factors in accelerating the healing of COVID-19 patients. This type of research is quantitative analytic with a correlational research design using a cross-sectional study approach. This research will be conducted in the isolation room of the Kampar River Puskesmas inpatient in October-November. The results of the study stated that there was a relationship between sex and the acceleration of healing of COVID-19 patients with a p-value of 0.013 <0.05, there was no relationship between community support and accelerated healing of COVID-19 patients with a p-value of 0.079> 0.05, there was a relationship between family support. with the acceleration of healing of patients COVID-19 with p-value 0.009> 0.05, there is a relationship between mental burden by accelerating patient recovery COVID-19 with p-value 0.011 <0.05, there is a relationship between degenerative diseases by accelerating patient recovery COVID-19 with p-value 0.001 <0.05 and there is a relationship between comorbidities and the acceleration of healing in COVID-19 patients with a p-value of 0.029 <0.05.

scholarly journals Examining staff and students perception on daily fruit and vegetable

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Althubaiti ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Survey Monkey ◽  
Good Habit

Introduction: There is a lack in the awareness in the fruit and vegetable (F&V) recommendation among Saudi society. Although the known facts of the benefits of F&V on health, information on Saudi society following the advised recommendation whether by WHO or local is still unknown. Aim: This cross- sectional study aim to examine the perception of F&V intake among students and staff at Umm Al-Qura University and to assess if they follow these recommendations of F&V locally and internationally. Method: Students and staff from Umm Al-Qura University participated in this study (n= 98, age between 18- 55). All data were collected using short online survey via Online survey - Survey Monkey in 2019. Result: 55% students and staff were not aware about these recommendations whereas 45% were aware about WHO recommendation. The majority of students and staff 53% have less than two portions a day of F&V. Only 14% have between two to four portions a day. 32% do not eat any portion of F&V daily. 59%, 14%, 5% of students and staff who believe that they should have five, seven, more than seven portions a day for being healthy respectively. Maintaining health, reduce the risk for chronic disease and providing essential vitamins and minerals to the body were all reasons why students and staff believe that they should have F&V everyday by 71%. Busy lifestyle, F&V cost, lack of the awareness about the health benefits, dislike the taste, some F&V spoil easily were all factors affecting eating F&V daily. Conclusion: People need educational and nutritional campaigns to spread the awareness about the health benefits of F&V. Most importantly the ministry of health should support those campaigns to increase people awareness and build a healthy society with a good habit. Keywords: Fruit intake, veg intake, F&V recommendation, students, staff, Umm Al-Qura University

scholarly journals Investigating the Frequency of Pressure Ulcers and Their Effective Factors in Intensive Care Units

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoum Khoshfetrat ◽  
Aliakbar Keykha ◽  
Saman Nasrolahi ◽  
Reza Farahmandrad ◽  
Mohammad Behnampour
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Pressure Ulcers ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prolonged Stay ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: For patients with prolonged bed rest and immobilization because of motor or consciousness disorders, many factors may contribute to the development of pressure ulcers. To this end, the present study aimed to investigate the frequency of pressure ulcers and the factors affecting the development of this condition in intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the case files and records of patients hospitalized between March 2017 and March 2018 entered the study using the census method. The necessary information including age, gender, location of pressure ulcers, number of ulcers on each part of the body, length of stay in ICU, and underlying diseases was extracted from the files and recorded in the data checklist. In the end, the extracted data were analyzed with SPSS 25. Results: Of the 781 patients studied, 71 (9.1%) had pressure ulcers, of whom 34 were men and 37 were women. A statistically significant difference was found between men and women in terms of the incidence of pressure ulcer (p = 0.0013). The most common sites of pressure ulcers were buttock with 34 cases (47.9%) and sacrum with 21 cases (29.6%). Conclusion: Old age and prolonged stay in ICU are important determinants of the development of pressure ulcers.

scholarly journals The Effects of the Civility, Respect, and Engagement in the Workplace (CREW) Program on Social Climate and Work Engagement in a Psychiatric Ward in Japan: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-330
Author(s):  
Utako Sawada ◽  
Akihito Shimazu ◽  
Norito Kawakami ◽  
Yuki Miyamoto ◽  
Lisa Speigel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Climate ◽  
Psychiatric Ward ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale ◽  
Healthcare Settings

Background: Good social climate and high work engagement are important factors affecting outcomes in healthcare settings. This study observed the effects of a program called Civility, Respect, and Engagement in the Workplace (CREW) on social climate and staff work engagement in a psychiatric ward of a Japanese hospital. Methods: The program comprised 18 sessions installed over six months, with each session lasting 30-min. Participation in the program was recommended to all staff members at the ward, including nurses, medical doctors, and others, but it was not mandatory. A serial cross-sectional study collected data at four time-points. Nurses (n = 17 to 22), medical doctors (n = 9 to 13), and others (n = 6 to 10) participated in each survey. The analysis of variance was used to evaluate the changes in the following dependent variables, the Essen climate evaluation schema (EssenCES), the CREW civility scale, and the Utrecht work engagement scale (UWES) over time. Result: We found no significant effects. The effect size (Cohen’s d) for EssenCES was 0.35 from baseline to post-installation for all staff members. Effect sizes for EssenCES for medical doctors and UWES for nurses were 0.79 and 0.56, respectively, from baseline to post-program. Conclusions: Differences in social climate and work engagement among Japanese healthcare workers between the baseline and post-installation of the CREW program were non-significant.

scholarly journals Association between Short Hours of Sleep and Overweight/Obesity in Mexican Adolescent Population: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 939
Author(s):  
Ana Fresan ◽  
Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza ◽  
María Lilia López-Narváez ◽  
Tania Guadalupe Gómez-Peralta ◽  
Daniela Georgina Aguilar-Velázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
School Based ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Mexican Adolescents

Background/Aim: Obesity in adolescents is increasing; as such, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity in Mexican adolescents and examine its possible association with hours of sleep. Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was carried out. This study included 863 adolescents aged between 11 and 16 years. The prevalence of obesity was estimated using the body mass index (BMI). The duration of sleep (and other information) was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. The Cochran–Mantel–Hansel test for categorical variables and a general linear model for continuous variables were used to evaluate the interaction effect of BMI and sex with respect to sleeping and assessed activity conditions. Results: It was found that 47.6% of the adolescents were overweight/obese. Men were more frequently overweight/obese than women (52.6% vs. 41.8%, p = 0.002). Moreover, overweight/obese adolescents were younger and spent fewer daily hours watching television (p < 0.05). Men practiced sports more hours per week than women (p = 0.04). However, women spent more daily time on the internet (p = 0.05), and overweight/obese adolescent women slept fewer hours than overweight/obese men and adolescents with normal weight (p = 0.008). Conclusions: The development of strategies for the prevention of overweight/obesity and the improvement of sleep duration should include a gender perspective to improve health habits in Mexican adolescents.

scholarly journals The importance of dysphagia screening and nutritional assessment in hospitalized patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Amaro Andrade ◽  
Carolina Araújo dos Santos ◽  
Heloísa Helena Firmino ◽  
Carla de Oliveira Barbosa Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Global Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
The Body ◽  
Subjective Global Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knee Height

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine frequency of dysphagia risk and associated factors in hospitalized patients as well as to evaluate nutritional status by using different methods and correlate the status with scores of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 909 inpatients of a philanthropic hospital. For the diagnosis of dysphagia we used an adapted and validated Brazilian version of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). The nutritional status was evaluated through the subjective global assessment, and anthropometric measurements included weight, calf and arm circumference, and knee height. The Mann-Whitney test, associations using the Pearson’s χ2 and Spearman’s correlation were used to verify differences between the groups. Results: The prevalence of dysphagia risk was 10.5%, and aging was the associated factor with this condition. Patients at risk presented lower values of arm and calf circumference, variables that correlated inversely with the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) score. Malnutrition was observed in 13.2% of patients based on the subjective global assessment and in 15.2% based on the Body Mass Index. Conclusion: Screening for dysphagia and malnutrition should be introduced in hospitals routine to avoid or minimize damages caused by dysphagia or malnutrition, especially among older people.

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