scholarly journals Diet and Exercise Modulate GH-IGFs Axis, Proteolytic Markers and Myogenic Regulatory Factors in Juveniles of Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2182
Author(s):  
Miquel Perelló-Amorós ◽  
Isabel García-Pérez ◽  
Albert Sánchez-Moya ◽  
Arnau Innamorati ◽  
Emilio J. Vélez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Myogenic Regulatory Factors ◽  
Regulatory Factors ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Plasma Gh

The physiological and endocrine benefits of sustained exercise in fish were largely demonstrated, and this work examines how the swimming activity can modify the effects of two diets (high-protein, HP: 54% proteins, 15% lipids; high-energy, HE: 50% proteins, 20% lipids) on different growth performance markers in gilthead sea bream juveniles. After 6 weeks of experimentation, fish under voluntary swimming and fed with HP showed significantly higher circulating growth hormone (GH) levels and plasma GH/insulin-like growth-1 (IGF-1) ratio than fish fed with HE, but under exercise, differences disappeared. The transcriptional profile of the GH-IGFs axis molecules and myogenic regulatory factors in liver and muscle was barely affected by diet and swimming conditions. Under voluntary swimming, fish fed with HE showed significantly increased mRNA levels of capn1, capn2, capn3, capns1a, n3, and ub, decreased gene and protein expression of Ctsl and Mafbx and lower muscle texture than fish fed with HP. When fish were exposed to sustained exercise, diet-induced differences in proteases’ expression and muscle texture almost disappeared. Overall, these results suggest that exercise might be a useful tool to minimize nutrient imbalances and that proteolytic genes could be good markers of the culture conditions and dietary treatments in fish.

Growth performance and adiposity in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata): risks and benefits of high energy diets

Aquaculture ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 171 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 279-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Company ◽  
J.A Calduch-Giner ◽  
S Kaushik ◽  
J Pérez-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Risks And Benefits

scholarly journals Nutritional regulation of glucose-6-phosphatase gene expression in liver of the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Caseras ◽  
I. Metón ◽  
C. Vives ◽  
M. Egea ◽  
F. Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Nutritional Regulation ◽  
Carnivorous Fish ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Glucose Levels

To examine the role of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) in glucose homeostasis in the diabetes-like experimental model of carnivorous fish, we analysed postprandial variations and the effect of starvation, ration size and diet composition on the regulation of G6Pase expression at the enzyme activity and mRNA level in the liver of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). G6Pase expression increased in long-term starved or energy-restricted fish. In contrast to data reported for other fish species, short-term regulation of G6Pase expression was found in regularly fedS. aurata. G6Pase mRNA levels were lowest between 4 and 15 h after food intake, whereas minimal enzyme activity was observed 10–15 h postprandially. Alterations of plasma glucose levels affect G6Pase in mammals. However, the carbohydrate content of the diet did not affect hepatic expression of G6Pase inS. aurata, suggesting that a different molecular mechanism is involved in the control of G6Pase expression in fish. Although G6Pase was unaffected, high-carbohydrate low-protein diets increased glucokinase (GK) expression and thus allowed a metabolic adaptation favouring glycolysis over gluconeogenesis. Interestingly, only the nutritional conditions that promoted variations in the blood glucose levels resulted in changes in the hepatic expression of G6Pase. These findings indicate a concerted regulation of G6Pase and GK expression and suggest that the direction and rate of the glucose–glucose-6-phosphate substrate cycle flux is finely regulated in the liver ofS. aurata, challenging the role attributed to deficient regulation of G6Pase or GK expression in the low ability of carnivorous fish to metabolize glucose.

Insulin-like growth factors effects on the expression of myogenic regulatory factors in gilthead sea bream muscle cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa Jiménez-Amilburu ◽  
Cristina Salmerón ◽  
Marta Codina ◽  
Isabel Navarro ◽  
Encarnación Capilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Myogenic Regulatory Factors ◽  
Regulatory Factors ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factors

Characterisation and expression of myogenesis regulatory factors during in vitro myoblast development and in vivo fasting in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

2014 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel García de la serrana ◽  
Marta Codina ◽  
Encarnación Capilla ◽  
Vanesa Jiménez-Amilburu ◽  
Isabel Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Regulatory Factors

Glomerular disease associated with Polysporoplasma sparis (Myxozoa) infections in cultured gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata L. (Pisces: Teleostei)

Parasitology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. PALENZUELA ◽  
P. ÁLVAREZ-PELLITERO ◽  
A. SITJÀ-BOBADILLA
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Glomerular Disease ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Rodlet Cells

Polysporoplasma sparis infection was studied in gilthead sea bream from different mariculture systems of the Spanish coasts. Culture conditions influenced the infection dynamics, as the parasite appeared only in semi-intensive cultures and was not found in intensive closed systems nor in open ones. No clear seasonal pattern was observed. No fish weighing less than 51 g was found parasitized in any group. A statistically significant dependence between infection prevalence and host weight was observed in some growing stocks. Light and transmission electron microscope observations revealed serious damage in the trunk kidney. Glomerular disease was provoked by the progressive occupation of the glomerular capillaries by P. sparis spores. Tubular epithelial cells were also affected. Inflammatory responses appeared towards the end of the infection, and consisted mainly of melanomacrophages and eosinophils. Rodlet cells were common close to infected capillaries and debris of rodlet sacs formed a belt encircling capillary vessels. Cytochemistry demonstrated the lipidic nature of these sacs and the glycogen and glycoprotein composition of the cytoplasmic granules of rodlet cells.

scholarly journals Effects of sustained exercise on GH-IGFs axis in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (4) ◽  
pp. R313-R322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio J. Vélez ◽  
Sheida Azizi ◽  
Antonio Millán-Cubillo ◽  
Jaume Fernández-Borràs ◽  
Josefina Blasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Igf Binding Proteins ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Igf I

The endocrine system regulates growth mainly through the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) axis and, although exercise promotes growth, little is known about its modulation of these factors. The aim of this work was to characterize the effects of 5 wk of moderate sustained swimming on the GH-IGFs axis in gilthead sea bream fingerlings. Plasma IGF-I/GH ratio and tissue gene expression of total IGF-I and three splice variants, IGF-II, three IGF binding proteins, two GH receptors, two IGF-I receptors, and the downstream molecules were analyzed. Fish under exercise (EX) grew more than control fish (CT), had a higher plasma IGF-I/GH ratio, and showed increased hepatic IGF-I expression (mainly IGF-Ia). Total IGF-I expression levels were similar in the anterior and caudal muscles; however, IGF-Ic expression increased with exercise, suggesting that this splice variant may be the most sensitive to mechanical action. Moreover, IGFBP-5b and IGF-II increased in the anterior and caudal muscles, respectively, supporting enhanced muscle growth. Furthermore, in EX fish, hepatic IGF-IRb was reduced together with both GHRs; GHR-II was also reduced in anterior muscle, while GHR-I showed higher expression in the two muscle regions, indicating tissue-dependent differences and responses to exercise. Exercise also increased gene and protein expression of target of rapamycin (TOR), suggesting enhanced muscle protein synthesis. Altogether, these data demonstrate that moderate sustained activity may be used to increase the plasma IGF-I/GH ratio and to potentiate growth in farmed gilthead sea bream, modulating the gene expression of different members of the GH-IGFs axis (i.e., IGF-Ic, IGF-II, IGFBP-5b, GHR-I, and TOR).

Stress effects of amyloodiniosis in gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Moreira ◽  
M Herrera ◽  
P Pousão-Ferreira ◽  
JI Navas Triano ◽  
F Soares
Keyword(s):  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Stress Effects
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