scholarly journals Influence of Stress Assessed through Infrared Thermography and Environmental Parameters on the Performance of Fattening Rabbits

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1747
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Jaén-Téllez ◽  
María José Sánchez-Guerrero ◽  
Mercedes Valera ◽  
Pedro González-Redondo
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Heat Temperature ◽  
Temperature Humidity Index ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
The Impact

Rabbits often experience stress when they perceive certain stimuli, such as handling. The physiological response of animals to stress and temperament is associated with feeding efficiency, with those with the least capacity to react to stress showing the highest performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of stress due to heat (temperature-humidity index; THI) or handling, assessed using infrared thermography, on the performance parameters of rabbits of a Spanish Common breed. Thirty-nine rabbits were analyzed during a 38-d fattening period at two times of the year: a cold period and a warm period. The rabbits’ stress due to handling was assessed by the temperature difference taken in the inner ear, before and after being handled. The animals were more productive in the cold season. Temperature-humidity index significantly influenced average daily gain (ADG) and daily feed intake (DFI). Rabbits with higher levels of stress showed higher ADG, DFI and feed conversion ratio (FCR) values. The greater the stress due to handling, the less efficient the animals were. FCR increased with higher THI. It was concluded that changes in animal welfare caused by the rabbits’ reactivity to both climatic and individual factors affect animal productivity.

scholarly journals Impact of treated sewage on meiobenthic nematodes: a case study from the Tunisian Refining Industries Company

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hedfi ◽  
M. Ben Ali ◽  
A. Noureldeen ◽  
H. Darwish ◽  
T. Saif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bizerte Bay ◽  
De Man ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The main objective of the current study was to assess the impact of the water taken from the ‘Tunisian Refining Industries Company’ on meiobenthic nematodes, before and after a series of treatments in decantation basins followed by its discharge in Bizerte bay, Tunisia. The comparison of environmental parameters of the two types of water was clearly indicative of an improvement in the quality of treated waters after a significant reduction in their loads in hydrocarbons. Overall, the water retained a good quality after being treated by ‘Tunisian Refining Industries Company’ before discharge in the sea. At the end of the experiment, differential responses were observed according to the richness of sediment in organic matter and hydrocarbons. Thus, it was apparent that the nematode assemblage exposed to the treated waters was closer to controls and associated to higher values of abundance, than that under untreated ones. It was also assumed that the species Microlaimus honestus De Man, 1922, Paramonohystera proteus Wieser, 1956 and Cyartonema germanicum Juario, 1972 are sensitive bioindicators of bad environmental statues and of hydrocarbon presence in the environment. On the other hand, Metoncholaimus pristiurus (Zur Strassen, 1894) Filipjev, 1918 would rather be classified as a positive bioindicative species of this type of pollutants.

Establishing Modularized Environmental Measurements and Analyzing and Applying Environmental Information for a Windowless Broiler House in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-313
Author(s):  
Yueh-Jung Li ◽  
Kuang-Wen Hsieh ◽  
Suming Chen ◽  
Perng-Kwei Lei
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Temperature Humidity Index ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Broiler House

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to apply wireless sensor modules to measure the environmental conditions in a windowless broiler house. An environmental index monitoring system was established that automatically estimated the temperature-humidity index (THI) and temperature-humidity-velocity index (THVI) according to the collected database. Finally, prediction of the relationships between the THI or THVI and the feed conversion rate (FCR) was studied. Nine sets of temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity sensors were used for measuring the inside environment. An additional set was located outside the broiler house. The environmental database used this system of wireless sensors for collecting environmental information, quantifying the environmental indices, and establishing a warning system. The system automatically estimated the THI and THVI according to the database and presented the results in a user interface. Two areas of the broiler house were arranged for daily measurement of feed consumption and individual weight of the broilers for two experiments. These data were applied to calculate the daily weight gain and FCR. The first experiment was conducted from 9 September to 9 October (from summer to autumn) in 2016, and the second experiment was conducted from 3 November to 9 December (from autumn to winter) in 2016. During the experiments, there were no errors in the messages sent by the environmental database and warning system. These results serve as important references for predicting the FCR as well as the THI and THVI. The THVI of the first experiment and the THI of the second experiment predicted the FCR with a good relationship. The results show that the indoor and outdoor THI values could be higher than the standard values. In the FCR statistical analysis, the FCR of the second experiment was lower than the FCR of the first experiment, and they were both lower than the criterion FCR. This implies that opportunities exist for improving the broiler house environment in this subtropical climate. The results of this study could become an important reference for predicting the FCR with the THI and THVI. Finally, prediction of the relationships between the THI or THVI and the FCR were conducted. The results of the second experiment (R2 = 0.8327) were significantly better than the results of the first experiment (R2 = 0.5184). Keywords: Broiler, Feed conversion rate, Temperature-humidity index, Temperature-humidity-velocity index, Warning system, Wireless sensor module.

scholarly journals Correlations between Environmental Factors and Milk Production of Holstein Cows

Data ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Mylostyvyi ◽  
Olexandr Chernenko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
The State ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Mathematical Functions ◽  
Temperature Humidity Index ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Humidity Index

Global climate change is a challenge for dairy farming. In this regard, identifying reliable correlations between environmental parameters and animals’ physiological responses is a starting point for the mathematical modeling of their effects on the future welfare and milk production of cows. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between environmental parameters and the milk production of cows in hot period. Archival data from the Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Center were used to study the state of insolation conditions (IC), wind direction (WD), wind strength (WS), air temperature (AT), and relative humidity (RH). The temperature–humidity index (THI) (Kibler, 1964) and temperature–humidity index in the hangar-type cowshed (THICHT) (Mylostyvyi et al., 2019) served as integral indicators of the state of the cowshed’s microclimate. The daily milk yield (DMY), yield of milk fat (MF) and milk protein (MP), and percentage of milk fat (PMF) and protein (PMP) were taken into account by the DairyComp 305 herd management system (VAS, USA). Statistical data processing was performed using the mathematical functions of Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Inc.) and Statistica 10 (StatSoft Inc.). There was a weak correlation between IC and DMY at r = −0.2, between RH and DMY at r = +0.4, and between RH and MF at r = +0.2. Between DMY, MF, MP, and WS made up r = –0.2 to 0.4. Between DMY, MF, MP, and AT made up r = −0.2 to 0.5 (p < 0.05). The effects of weather factors on animal productivity will be the subject of further research.

scholarly journals Neural Network Estimation of Tourism Climatic Index (TCI) Based on Temperature-Humidity Index (THI)-Jordan Region Using Sensed Datasets

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Ashraf ALDabbas ◽  
Zoltan Gal ◽  
Buchman Attila
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Climatic Index ◽  
Temperature Humidity Index ◽  
Jordan Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Network Estimation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Jordan which is located in the heart of the world contains hundreds of historical and archaeological locations that have a supreme potential in enticing visitors. The impact of clime is important on many aspects of life such as the development of tourism and human health, tourists always wanted to choose the most convenient time and place that have appropriate weather circumstances. The goal of this study is to specify the preferable months (time) for tourism in Jordan regions. Neural network has been utilized to analyze several parameters of meteorologist (raining, temperature, speed of wind, moisture, sun radiation) by analyzing and specify tourism climatic index (TCI) and equiponderate it with THI index. The outcomes of this study shows that the finest time of the year to entice tourists is “ April” which is categorized as to be “extraordinary” for visitors. TCI outcomes indicates that conditions are not convenient for tourism from July to August because of high temperature.

Quality Control of Composite Material Pipes by Infrared Thermography

2012 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 140-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandrina Mihai ◽  
Florin Ştefănescu ◽  
Gigel Neagu ◽  
C.P. Mihai
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reference Images ◽  
Composite Pipes ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents some aspects concerning the use of infrared thermography (IRT) in the evaluation of composite pipes integrity. Composite pipelines made up of glass fibres reinforced epoxy resins are increasingly used, especially in oil and gas industry, for their good mechanical properties, combined with reduced weight and excellent behaviour under hostile environment conditions. Taking into account that high reliability is required for such pipe networks, it is mandatory to choose reliable non-destructive inspection (NDI) methods to achieve efficient structural health monitoring. The main advantages of the IRT inspection are: non-contact and non-dangerous examination. In order to characterize the integrity of composites pipes, first of all the researches were interested in obtaining a set of reference images and then to examine the samples before and after the impact stress test. The conclusions point out the schemes and the optimal parameters of evaluation as well as the application limits of thermographic inspection

scholarly journals The impact of temperature-humidity index on blood morphology and β-hydroxybutyrate in different sheep breeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Jurgita Autukaitė ◽  
Indrė Poškienė ◽  
Vida Juozaitienė ◽  
Ramūnas Antanaitis ◽  
Henrikas Žilinskas
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Temperature Humidity Index ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
The Impact

Climatic variations directly affect the animals, changing their physiology. Several factors such as species, breed, sex, age, nutrition, diseases, physiological stage, and seasonal variations can affect the pattern of haematological values. Quantitative and morphological changes in blood cells are associated with higher temperatures and humidity. Sixty-seven sheep (3 years old, not pregnant, clinically healthy) were used in the study to determine the effect of the temperature-humidity index (THI) and breed on morphological blood indices and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). The sheep were divided into groups by the breed (4 breeds) and the THI (2 classes). The blood samples from each animal were collected monthly. Significant differences between the values of leukocytes (WBC), neutrophils (NEU), erythrocytes (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB), haematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), lymphocytes (LYM), monocytes (MON) and platelet count (PLT) in THI groups were observed. In THI 1, the mean values of MCHC (5.68%, P < 0.05), MCH (0.52%), and HCT (4.90%, P < 0.05) were higher compared to those in THI 2. Multivariate test showed a significant effect of breed on NEU (P < 0.05), RBC (P < 0.05), HGB (P < 0.05) and MCHC (P < 0.05). The concentration of BHB in group THI 2 was by 12.9% higher (P < 0.05), compared to group THI 1. A significant effect of the breed (P < 0.05) and THI class (P < 0.05) on BHB was determined, whereas the impact of breed interaction with the THI was found to be non-significant. The observations reported in this study suggest that the response to temperature is dependent on animal breed. It was found that both morphological blood indices and BHB were affected by the temperature-humidity index.

scholarly journals Estimating the Effect of Respiratory Disease on Production Performance in Farrow-to-Finish Pig Farms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rodrigues da Costa ◽  
Albert Rovira ◽  
Montserrat Torremorell ◽  
Rose Mary Fitzgerald ◽  
Josep Gasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Respiratory disease is one of the most important factors impacting pig production worldwide. However, the literature highlights the multitude of confounding factors complicating the clear attribution of growth impairment to respiratory disease, and the extrapolation of the effects of respiratory disease to a wider population has not been thoroughly researched. The objective of this study was to estimate the impact of respiratory disease on production performance in a subset of 56 Irish farrow-to-finish pig farms. Proxies for respiratory disease status such as serology for four major pathogens (influenza A virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ), slaughter checks (pleurisy, pneumonia, lung abscesses, pericarditis and liver milk spots) and vaccination information were used as predictors for production performance. Results The models to estimate production performance from serology, slaughter checks, and vaccination were able to explain the variability of weaner and finisher mortality by 26 and 20%, respectively, and average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and age at slaughter by 47, 40 and 41%, respectively. Feed conversion ratio and sow performance were not explained by the studied predictors. Conclusions The models fitted, especially those for ADFI, ADG and age at slaughter, emphasize the usefulness of sourcing information at different levels to understand the impact of farm health status on pig performance, and highlight the impact of respiratory disease on production performance.

scholarly journals Efek Temperature Humidity Index terhadap Konsumsi Air Minum dan Performans Ayam Kampung Super dengan Pemberian Enkapsulasi Fitobiotik Minyak Buah Merah

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Bangkit Lutfiaji Syaefullah ◽  
Maria Herawati ◽  
Ni Putu Vidia Tiara Timur ◽  
Okti Widayati
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Temperature Humidity Index ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Range Test

Ayam kampung super merupakan salah satu ayam kampung yang ditingkatkan performannya dengan perkawinan silang. Akan tetapi, perkawinan silang tidak serta merta memperbaiki performan. Ada beberapa hal lain yang mempengaruhi performan yaitu lingkungan dan feed additive. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Temperature Humidity Index dan pemberian enkapsulasi fitobiotik minyak buah merah terhadap konsumsi air minum dan performans ayam kampung super. Materi yang digunakan adalah alat ekstraksi, alat dan bahan enkapsulasi, buah merah, kandang individu dan ayam kampung super serta pakan starter. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan dengan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 56 hari dengan Temperature Humidity Index yaitu 24,44 - 35,21 oC. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan enkapsulasi buah merah tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi air minum (P>0,05), konsumsi pakan (P>0,05), feed conversion ratio (P>0,05) dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan bobot badan (P<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi lingkungan dilokasi penelitian (Papua) relatif ekstrim dilihat dari selisih THI. Selain itu, berdasarkan uji lanjut bahwa penambahan enkapsulasi fitobiotik minyak buah merah terhadap penambahan bobot badan menghasilkan perlakuan terbaik pada penambahan 2,5% enkapsulasi minyak buah merah.

scholarly journals Nutritional value and in situ degradability of oak wood roughage and its feeding effects on growth performance and behavior of Hanwoo steers during the early fattening period

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 930-940
Author(s):  
Ye Ri Ju ◽  
Youl Chang Baek ◽  
Sun Sik Jang ◽  
Young Kyoon Oh ◽  
Sung Suk Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
And Behavior

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate changes in nutritional value and <i>in situ</i> dry matter (DM) degradability of oak and pine wood before and after steam-digestion process (60 min/160°C/6 atm) and feeding effect of the oak roughage on performance and behavior of Hanwoo steers.Methods: Chemical composition and tannin concentration were analyzed for oak and pine trees before and after the pretreatment. <i>In situ</i> DM and effective degradability of these samples were assessed using a nylon bag method. <i>In vivo</i> trial was performed to estimate animal performance and behavior, using steers fed total mixed ration (TMR) diets containing 0% (control), 25% (OR-25), and 50% (OR-50) of the oak roughage. Eighteen steers were allocated into nine pens (2 steers/pen, 3 pens/treatment) for 52 days according to body weight (BW) and age.Results: By the steam-digestion treatment, the neutral detergent-insoluble fiber was decreased from 86.5% to 71.5% for oak and from 92.4% to 80.5% for pine, thereby increasing non-fiber carbohydrate. <i>In situ</i> DM degradability of treated oak reached 38% at 72 h, whereas that of untreated oak was only 11.9%. The 0 h degradability of the treated pine increased from 5.9% to 12.1%, but the degradability was unchanged thereafter. Animal performance including BW, average daily gain, DM intake, and feed conversion ratio was not different among control and oak treatments. No differences were detected in animal behavior such as lying, standing, rumination, drinking, and eating, except walking. Walking was higher in control than oak treatments with numerically higher eating and lower lying times, probably due to bulkier characteristics of rice straw in the diet.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the oak roughage can be substituted for 50% of total forage or 100% of rice straw in TMR diets at early fattening stage of Hanwoo steers.

Identification of best temperature humidity index model for assessing impact of heat stress on milk constituent traits in Murrah buffaloes under subtropical climatic conditions of Northern India

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajalaxmi Behera ◽  
A. K. Chakravarty ◽  
A. Sahu ◽  
N. Kashyap ◽  
S. Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Index Model ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Temperature Humidity Index ◽  
Murrah Buffaloes ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
The Impact

The present study was conducted to identify the most suitable temperature humidity index (THI) model among seven reported THI models for analyzing the impact of thermal stress on monthly test day fat % (MTDF%),monthly test day SNF% (MTSNF%), monthly test day fat yield (MTDFY) and monthly test day SNF yield (MTDSNFY) of Murrah buffaloes at subtropical climatic conditions of Karnal, India. A total of 8868 MTDF% and 8606 MTDSNF% records from 1107 lactational records of Murrah buffaloes under five parities were included in the present study and weather information on dry bulb temperature (Tdb), wet bulb temperature (Twb) and relative humidity (RH in %) for the corresponding period of 20 years (March 1994- December 2013) were collected from ICAR-NDRI and ICAR-CSSRI, Karnal, respectively. The overall least-squares means for MTDF% ranged from 7.71 ± 0.067 in TD1 to 8.10 ± 0.08 in TD 9 and MTDSNF% ranged from 9.61 ± 0.01 in TD5 and TD 6 to 9.65 ± 0.01 in TD 8. The overall least squares means of MTDFY (g) ranged from 411.23 ± 14.74 to 745.98 ± 13.57 while for MTDSNFY (g) the value ranged from 491.90 ± 17.21 to 922.16 ± 15.17. Monthly average THI was computed for each of the seven models. The lowest monthly average THI value was found in January, while either May, June or July showed the highest average THI value for all seven THI models. Regression analysis was performed for identifying the best THI to assess the impact of heat stress on milk constituent traits under study anda negative association was found between the milk constituent traits and monthly average THI values.The THI model[THI = (0.55 × Tdb + 0.2 × Tdp) × 1.8 + 32 + 17.5]developed by NRC(1971)was identified as the most suitable THI model to assess the impact of heat stress on milk composition traits of Murrah indicating maximum decline in MTDF% (-0.005), MTDFY (-0.68 g),MTDSNF% (b=-0.0008) and MTDSNFY (-2.25 g) per unit rise in THI.

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