scholarly journals Survey on the Presence of Bacterial, Fungal and Helminthic Agents in Off-Leash Dog Parks Located in Urban Areas in Central-Italy

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1685
Author(s):  
Valentina Virginia Ebani ◽  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Stefania Ciapetti ◽  
Lisa Guardone ◽  
Enrico Loretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Microsporum Gypseum ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Dog Parks ◽  
Parasitic Pathogens

Off-leash dog parks are designated public spaces where dogs can move freely, under their owners’ supervision. These areas, allowing animals to socialize and move freely, are fundamental for dogs’ welfare. However, different pathogens, even zoonotic, may be excreted by the attending animals and contaminate the environment. The aim of the present study was to verify the occurrence of bacterial, fungal and parasitic pathogens in off-leash dog parks located in Florence (central Italy). Between March and May 2019, 83 fecal samples, 43 soil samples and 23 water samples (from fountains and puddles) collected from 26 off-leash fenced areas were examined. Fecal samples scored positive for Yersinia spp. (n = 7), Listeria innocua (n = 4), Toxocara canis eggs (n = 2) and Ancylostoma caninum/Uncinaria stenocephala eggs (n = 1). Keratinophilic geophilic fungi (mostly Microsporum gypseum /A. incurvatum) were recovered from 43 soil samples belonging to 23 out of 26 parks, along with Microsporum canis in a single case. Prototheca spp. was never isolated from water samples, while Trichosporon sp. was cultured in two cases, alone and in association with Geotrichum candidum. These results show that dogs did not act as important carriers for the investigated bacterial and parasitic pathogens, although examined areas may represent a risk for the spreading of some dermatophytoses to both pets and their owners. Periodical examinations to assess the main bacteriological, parasitological and mycological pathogens in different samples collected in off-leash dog parks should be carried out in a One-Health perspective.

scholarly journals Diversity ofLeptospiraspp. in Rats and Environment from Urban Areas of Sarawak, Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chai Fung Pui ◽  
Lesley Maurice Bilung ◽  
Kasing Apun ◽  
Lela Su’ut
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Soil And Water

Various prevalence studies onLeptospirain animals and humans, as well as environmental samples, had been conducted worldwide, including Malaysia. However, limited studies have been documented on the presence of pathogenic, intermediate, and saprophyticLeptospirain selected animals and environments. This study was therefore conducted to detectLeptospiraspp. in rats, soil, and water from urban areas of Sarawak using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. A total of 107 rats, 292 soil samples, and 324 water samples were collected from April 2014 to February 2015. PathogenicLeptospirawas present in 5.6% (6/107) of rats, 11.6% (34/292) of soil samples, and 1.9% (6/324) of water samples. IntermediateLeptospirawas present in 2.7% (8/292) of soil samples and 1.9% (6/324) of water samples. SaprophyticLeptospirawas present in 10.3% (11/107) of rats, 1.4% (4/292) of soil samples, and 0.3% (1/324) of water samples. From this study, 76Leptospiraspp. were isolated. Based on DNA sequencing, the dominantLeptospiraspp. circulating in urban areas of Sarawak are pathogenicLeptospira noguchii, intermediateLeptospira wolffiiserovar Khorat, and saprophyticLeptospira meyeri, respectively. Overall, this study provided important surveillance data on the prevalence ofLeptospiraspp. from rats and the environment, with dominant local serovars in urban areas of Sarawak.

Exogenous Sources of Listeria Contamination in Raw Ewe's Milk

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 950-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
ESTHER GARCIA ◽  
MAXIMO DE PAZ ◽  
JOSE LUIS RODRIGUEZ ◽  
PILAR GAYA ◽  
MARGARITA MEDINA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Hybridization Test ◽  
Ewe's Milk ◽  
Feed Samples

Water, feeds, milking equipment, environmental samples and feces from 15 farms producing ewe's milk contaminated by Listeria spp. were examined over a 1-year period, using a two-step enrichment procedure followed by a DNA hybridization test. Listeria spp. were isolated from 19.6% of trough-water samples, 13.1% of feed samples, 36.4% of bedding samples, 80.6% of farmyard-soil samples, and 16.2% of ewe's feces samples. The contamination rates of these samples by L. monocytogenes were 7.8%, 1.2%, 11.4%, 8.3%, and 2.7%, respectively. Tap water and milking equipment were free from Listeria spp. Fecal samples from poultry and birds in the farms exhibited a high incidence of Listeria spp. (72.7% for hens, 28.6% for pigeons and 48.3% for sparrows) and could be responsible for the contamination of trough water and some feeds by these microorganisms.

scholarly journals Contamination of water and soil of rice fields with soil transmitted helminths as source of transmission to farmers in Grogol sub-district, Kediri district

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Siti Munawaroh ◽  
Heny Arwati ◽  
Puspa Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
The People ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Media

ABSTRACTSoil-transmitted helminths (STH) are the worms which transmitted through the soil. The people of Dusun Semen, Grogol, Kediri have a habit of defecating in the river. Farmers who work in direct contact with water and soil is possible to be infected with STH. The purpose of this study was to determine STH species in water, soils, and farmer's fecal samples. Water samples were collected from three spots of river A and B, soil samples from 43 rice fields, and fecal samples from 50 farmers. Water samples were examined by sedimentation, soil samples by floatation, and fecal samples by Kato-Katz method. The data were then analyzed by Chi square test. Out of 18 water samples, 12 samples (66.7%) were positive, consisted of 4 samples (22.2%) contained of Ascaris lumbricoides and 8 samples (44.4%) contained Trichuris trichiura. Total soil samples were 129, where 8 samples (6.2%) were positive for A. lumbricoides, and 10 samples (7.7%) for T. trichiura. Out of 50 villagers, only 39 gave the fecal samples, where 12 samples (31.0%) were positive consisted of 5 samples (12.8%) for A. lumbricoides, 8 samples (20.5%) for T.trichiura. In conclusion, the STH species found in the media of water, soil, and feces of farmers are the similar namely A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura. Positive farmer samples prove STH transmission from STH contaminated water and soil.Keyword: Water, soil, feces, soil transmitted helminths

High Parasitic Contamination of Soil Samples in the North of Iran: a Potential Risk of Parasitic Infection for Tourists

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beheshteh Haghparast-kenari ◽  
Tooran Nayeri ◽  
Shahabeddin Sarvi ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Rahimi ◽  
Ehsan Ahmadpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
The North ◽  
North Of Iran

Background: Soil-transmitted parasites (STPs) are significant intestinal parasites that infect humans and animals and impose considerable burdens on human society and animal husbandry industries. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of parasitic elements of soil samples collected from the north of Iran. Methods: A total of 256 soil samples were collected from public parks, public places, vegetable gardens, sand heaps, and shadow areas near houses in the north of Iran and examined using the sucrose flotation method. Results: Out of 256 examined samples, 131 (51.2%) ones showed parasitic contamination including larvae (43%), oocysts (14.1%), and different eggs (6.6%). According to the results, the most and least common parasites observed in the samples were larvae (43%), as well as Toxascaris leonina, and Trichuris trichiura (0.4%), respectively. Moreover, the most and least contaminated locations were sand heaps (62.5%) and shadow areas near houses (45.6%), respectively. Regarding cities, Behshahr (68.3%) and Sari (67.5%) had the highest contaminated soil samples, whereas Chalus (37.5%) showed the lowest contamination. On the other hand, rural samples showed more contamination, compared to urban areas (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that the overall prevalence of STPs in examined areas and highly contaminated soil samples can be considered as a potential source of human contamination particularly tourists with STPs.

Assessment of Irrigation Quality of Disposal Water of Ashuganj-Polash Agro-Irrigation Project, Brahmanbaria Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDUR RAZZAK ◽  
PARSA SANJANA ◽  
BELAL HOSSAIN ◽  
DEBJIT ROY ◽  
BIDHAN CHANDRA NATH
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sample ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Initial Soil

The study was conducted at Ashuganj-Polash agro-irrigation project (APAIP), Brahmanbaria,aim to determine the chemical properties of power plant disposal water and to assess its suitability for irrigation. Initial soil samples (before irrigating crop field) and final soil samples (after crop harvesting) were collected. During irrigation ten water samples (six from crop field and four from irrigation canals) were collected for analysis. All soil samples were analyzed in Humboldt soil testing laboratory and water samples in bio-chemistry laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University and compared to FAO irrigation standard. Results show thatthe sodium absorption ratio (SAR) (0.53 to 0.88), residual sodium bi-carbonate (0.8 to 1.3meq L-1), Kelly’s ratio (0.31 to 0.6) and total hardness (85 to 150) found in normal range and largely suitable for irrigation. Soluble sodium percentage values found in satisfactory (20.26 to 41.1) level and magnesium absorption (57.1 to 76.4) found unsuitable for irrigation. Statistically similar value of pH, EC, total nitrogen, organic carbon, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in initial and final soil sample were observed. But potassium and sulfur value reduced in final soil sample from initial soil. The water samples fall within the permissible limit and found suitable for crop production

scholarly journals Estimating Environmental Contamination and Element Deposition at an Urban Area of Central Italy

Urban Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Loppi ◽  
Adelmo Corsini ◽  
Luca Paoli
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Economic Constraints

Air quality monitoring in many urban areas is based on sophisticated and costly equipment to check for the respect of environmental quality standards, but capillary monitoring is often not feasible due to economic constraints. In such cases, the use of living organisms may be very useful to complement the sparse data obtained by physico-chemical measurements. In this study, the bioaccumulation of selected trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Ce, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, S, Sb, Zn) in lichen samples (Evernia prunastri) transplanted for three months at an urban area of Central Italy was investigated to assess the main environmental contaminants, their sources, and the fluxes of element depositions. The results pinpointed Cu and Sb as the main contaminants and suggested a common origin for these two elements from non-exhaust sources of vehicular traffic, such as brake abrasion. Most study sites were, however, found to be subjected to low or moderate environmental contamination, and the lowest contamination corresponded to the main green areas, confirming the important protective role of urban forests against air pollution. Ranges of estimated mean annual element deposition rates in the study area were similar or lower than those reported for other urban areas.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION ON THE ENVIROMENTAL EFFECT OF LOCAL PRODUCTION METHOD OF ALUMINIUM UTENSIL IN KANO

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262
Author(s):  
Y. I. Yakubu ◽  
I. A. Yola
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Limit Set ◽  
Local Production ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
S Model ◽  
Concentration Levels

This research investigated the environmental effect of local production methods of aluminium utensils in Bachirawa, Ungogo local government Kano. Three soil samples and two samples of water were collected from sites A, B,C, D and E. The samples were then taken to faculty of agriculture for analysis. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (A A S model No 240 FSAA) was used to determine the concentration levels of heavy metals in the samples. The results show that, the concentration levels of  heavy metals in the soil samples A, B and C are:  Zn ranges between  (1158.13 - 11,117.80)  mg/kg; Mn  between  (285.719 – 1809.672) mg/kg; Cd between (0.026 – 0.540) mg/kg; Cr (0.498 – 0.832) mg/kg and Pb between (42.54 - 285.53) mg/kg. The observed concentration levels in water samples for Zn ranges between (0.2411 – 0.4435)mg/l; Cd between (0.091 – 0.123) mg/l; Cr between (0.015 – 0.022) mg/l; Mn between (0.284 – 0.728) mg/l and Pb between (0.00-0.08) mg/l. Zinc and Manganese have higher concentration levels than the recommended  permissible limit set by European Union (EU) and  United Kingdom(UK)  while Cd, Cr and  Pb have lower concentration levels than the recommended permissible limit set by EU and UK in soil samples  A, B and C. The concentration levels of Mn, Cd and Pb in water samples were higher than the permissible limit set by World Healh Organization (WHO) whereas Zn and Cr have concentrations lower than the recommended permissible limit set by 

scholarly journals Features of copper accumulation in the soils of different functional areas of Novokuybyshevsk

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Alexander Igorevich Startsev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Copper Accumulation ◽  
Test Plot ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Functional Areas

The vegetation of the Samara Region is characterized by a relatively high content of copper. This biogeochemical feature is typical for natural and technogenic transformed ecosystems of the region. Copper is included in the group of elements of the 2nd hazard class. At certain concentrations it is necessary for the normal functioning of all organisms, but with increasing concentrations in the environment or in food it shows toxicity. The technogenic sources of copper include metalworking and machine-building enterprises, fertilizers, road and rail transport, wastewater, products of incomplete fuel combustion and refining characteristic of the Samara Region. The peculiarities of copper accumulation and distribution in soils of urban areas of the region are insufficiently studied. Previously, such studies were carried out only in certain areas of Samara. The paper analyzes in detail the level of technogenic copper pollution of the soil cover in Novokuybyshevsk. Ecological and geochemical studies in Novokuybyshevsk were carried out for 3 years (2016-2018) on 7 stationary test plots in its different functional areas and on 1 background test plot. The objects of research were soil samples taken from the upper humus horizon (layer 0-10 cm). The quantitative content of copper in soil samples was determined by the method of inversion voltammetry. A comparative analysis revealed territories of Novokuybyshevsk with relatively high, medium and low levels of copper in the soil. The first group included the Park Dubki in its elevated part, the old residential area on Kirov Street, the roadside area at the intersection of Pobeda Avenue and Dzerzhinsky Street (93,3-90,7 mg/kg). The second group with an average copper content (71,0-73,3 mg/kg) included the square Elochki and a new residential area on Ostrovsky Street. The third group with a relatively low copper content (38,3-54,7 mg/kg) included three sample areas: the lowland part of the Park Dubki, the industrial zone and the background area. The concentration of copper in the soils of all studied functional zones in Novokuybyshevsk has not reached the level of approximate permissible concentration (APC), but more than the clark of the world soils and the background indicators. The downward trend in the concentration of copper in the soils of most of the studied functional zones of Novokuybyshevsk in 2018 compared with 2016 and 2017 at the relatively low level of copper content in soils of the industrial area of the city allows to exclude oil refineries from the list of its major anthropogenic sources.

scholarly journals Dermatofitosis humana en una comunidad con desigualdad social, Ayacucho 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serapio Romero Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Microsporum Gypseum

Trabajo de investigación desarrollado con el objetivo de conocer la frecuencia de la dermatofitosis humana en una comunidad con desigualdad social. Hipótesis: la dermatofitosis humana es una afección fúngica muy frecuente en comunidades con desigualdad social. Zona de estudio: comunidad con desigualdad social periurbana de la ciudad de Ayacucho. Tipo de estudio: no experimental. Diseño de estudio: descriptivo-transversal. Muestra: no probabilística, individuos con signos de afecciones compatibles a micosis superficial. Metodología: muestras de escamas de piel, pelos, fragmentos de uñas de pies y manos, escamas de planta, espacios interdigitales y otras partes de cuerpo, fueron tomadas con una hoja de bisturí de filo romo o con el borde de un portaobjetos previa desinfección con alcohol al 70% y colocadas en sobres de papel oscuro etiquetados, en el laboratorio de Epidemiología y Micología de la Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, se realizó la observación directa con KOH al 20% y la siembra en placas Petri conteniendo Agar Sabouraud y Agar selectivo para hongos patógenos, después de una incubación a 25ºC por hasta 14 días; las colonias coincidentes con dermatofitos fueron observados al microscopio para identificarlos. Resultados: se ha encontrado que 85/153 (55,5%) presentaron diversas formas de dermatofitosis, no se observó preferencia de la dermatofitosis humana con relación al género (p> 0,05), los factores asociados a la dermatofitosis determinados estadísticamente (p< 0,05) fueron la higiene, el piso de la vivienda y la crianza de animales, se han identificado las especies de Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis y Microsporum gypseum.

scholarly journals URBAN GROWTH AND WATER QUALITY IN THIMPHU, BHUTAN

2013 ◽  
pp. 82-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandu Giri ◽  
O. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data

Detailed study was undertaken in 2008 and 2009 on assessment of water quality of River Wang Chhu which flows through Thimphu urban area, the capital city of Bhutan. The water samples were examined at upstream of urban area, within the urban area and its downstream. The water samples were analyzed by studying the physico-chemical, biological and benthic macro-invertebrates. The water quality data obtained during present study are discussed in relation to land use/land cover changes(LULC) and various ongoing human activities at upstream, within the each activity areas and it’s downstream. Analyses of satellite imagery of 1990 and 2008 using GIS revealed that over a period of eighteen years the forest, scrub and agricultural areas have decreased whereas urban area and road network have increased considerably. The forest cover, agriculture area and scrub decreased from 43.3% to 42.57%, 6.88% to 5.33% and 42.55% to 29.42%, respectively. The LULC changes effect water quality in many ways. The water temperature, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, nitrate, phosphate, chloride, total coliform, and biological oxygen demand were lower at upstream and higher in urban area. On the other hand dissolved oxygen was found higher at upstream and lower in urban area. The pollution sensitive benthic macro-invertebrates population were dominant at upstream sampling sites whereas pollution tolerant benthic macro-invertebrates were found abundant in urban area and its immediate downstream. The rapid development of urban infrastructure in Thimphu city may be posing serious threats to water regime in terms of its quality. Though the deterioration of water quality is restricted to a few localized areas, the trend is serious and needs proper attention of policy planners and decision makers. Proper treatment of effluents from urban areas is urgently needed to reduce water pollution in such affected areas to check further deterioration of water quality. This present study which is based on upstream, within urban area and downstream of Thimphu city can be considered as an eye opener.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document