scholarly journals A Theoretical Framework to Assess the Impact of Flooding on Dairy Cattle Farms: Identification of Direct Damage from an Animal Welfare Perspective

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1586
Author(s):  
Anna Gaviglio ◽  
Annafrancesca Corradini ◽  
Maria Elena Marescotti ◽  
Eugenio Demartini ◽  
Rosalia Filippini
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Flood Event ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Direct Damage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Damage Types

For the economic sectors, the need to address the challenges posed by natural disasters due to climate change is an outstanding issue. To date, according to the European Commission (2019), there is still a gap in the estimation of the costs of flood in all European countries and the direct impact that these floods have on agricultural activities. More specifically, the damage to livestock has been minimally studied. The aim of this study is is therefore to identify the flood damage that affects dairy cattle farms, focusing on the damage to herds caused by a flood event; in fact, poor welfare conditions of dairy cattle directly affect production and thus farm revenue. To accomplish the aim of this study, a framework was first developed to identify possible damage types. Then, scientific literature focusing on the identification of flood damage to dairy herds was reviewed, and to quantify this damage to herds, literature sources providing information on the magnitude of variation in the identified damage types were used. Thus, our results provide relevant information on the variables that should be taken into account when assessing of the direct damage affecting the overall welfare of a dairy herd after a flood event. This evidence could then contribute to the development of tools aimed at assessing damage to dairy cattle on flood-affected farms.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the impact of a Herd Health and Production Management programme in organic dairy cattle farms: a process evaluation approach

animal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1475-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Duval ◽  
N. Bareille ◽  
A. Madouasse ◽  
M. de Joybert ◽  
K. Sjöström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Herd Health ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Organic Dairy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cattle Farms

scholarly journals Urban Flood Event and Associated Damage in the Benue Valley, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temi Ologunorisa ◽  
Obioma Ogbuokiri ◽  
Adebayo Oluwole Eludoyin
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Flood Event ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Precipitation Concentration Index ◽  
Infiltration Excess ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Flooding events in the Lower Benue valley of Nigeria are often associated with huge damage to properties and loss of life in the adjoining communities. Specific objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of 2017 flood event as typical of the study area. Method used was an integrated environmental approach that combines analysis of rainfall and discharge data with social surveys, remote sensing and geographical information system. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Precipitation Concentration Index (PCI) as well as flood damage curves were analysed with landuse/cover change and soil data to establish the nature of the flood and its impacts. Result showed that the flood in the study area is essentially saturation overland flow, which is more associated with saturation-excess than infiltration excess flow, and that the flood events are recurrent and predictable. 85% of the affected residents are however poor, earning an equivalent of US $4.3 daily, and live in non-reinforced concrete masonry (64%) and wooden buildings (24%). Many of the affected communities lived within flood plain and most buildings were structurally deficient. Victims received no compensation, and the properties were generally uninsured. The study recommends extensive flood control policy for the area and similar flood-prone communities.

scholarly journals Implementing artificial intelligence as a part of precision dairy farming for enabling sustainable dairy farming

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 869-880
Author(s):  
Viktor Radun ◽  
Dragan Dokić ◽  
Vesna Gantner
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Precision Dairy Farming ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Application

The purpose of this paper is to consider implementation of Artificial Intelligence as a part of Precision Dairy Farming, as a way of processing, analyzing and managing Big data, in order to enable sustainable dairy cattle farm. Increasing the volume of livestock production in the future and measuring the level of environmental impact becomes one of the most pressing concerns. The aim is to evaluate the impact of animal's production level on the ammonium pollution from dairy cattle farm using precision dairy farming technologies. The results indicate significant variability in estimated ammonium pollution from dairy cattle farms due to the animal's production indicating positive correlation between daily milk production and ammonium pollution. The test day records, as Artificial Intelligence application in precision dairy farming could be used both for assessing the ammonium pollution from farms and timely prevention and correction of inadequate management towards sustainable dairy production systems.

scholarly journals Seasonally Feed-Related Aflatoxins B1 and M1 Spread in Semiarid Industrial Dairy Herd and Its Deteriorating Impacts on Food and Immunity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saideh Mozafari ◽  
Mohammad Mohsenzadeh ◽  
Jalil Mehrzad
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Immune Incompetence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cattle Farms

To comparatively determine the levels of aflatoxin (AF) B1 in feedstuffs and of AFM1 in milk from semiarid industrial cattle farms in northeastern Iran during four seasons and to elucidate the effects of mixed AFB1 and AFM1 on bovine granulocytes, 72 feedstuffs (concentrate, silage, and totally mixed ration (TMR)) and 200 bulk milk samples were simultaneously collected for ELISA-based AFs detection. Isolated blood and milk neutrophils (n=8/treatment) were also preincubated with mix of 10 ng/ml AFB1 and 10 ng/ml AFM1 for 12 h; the impact was assessed on neutrophils functions. AFB1 levels in feedstuffs averaged 28 μg/kg (4–127 μg/kg), with TMR maximal (38±6.3 μg/kg), concentrate (32±6.5 μg/kg), and silage (16±1.5 μg/kg). The levels of AFB1 and AFM1 in feedstuffs and milk averaged 42±9.3, 27±2.8, 26±4.1, and 18.5±2.8 μg/kg and 85±7.3, 62±6.1, 46±6.2, and 41±6.5 ppb μg/kg in winter (maximal), autumn, spring, and summer, respectively. Mix of AFB1 and AFM1 weakened various functions of granulocytes. It adds new reason why during winter semiarid raised food-producing animals show more immune-incompetence.

Designing a CRM Framework for online & offline sports footwear retailers

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Cueva ◽  
Guillem Rufian ◽  
Maria Gabriela Valdes
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Running Shoes ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Impact

The use of Customer Relationship Managers to foster customers loyalty has become one of the most common business strategies in the past years.  However, CRM solutions do not fill the abundance of happily ever-after relationships that business needs, and each client’s perception is different in the buying process.  Therefore, the experience must be precise, in order to extend the loyalty period of a customer as much as possible. One of the economic sectors in which CRM’s have improved this experience is retailing, where the personalized attention to the customer is a key factor.  However, brick and mortar experiences are not enough to be aware in how environmental changes could affect the industry trends in the long term.  A base unified theoretical framework must be taken into consideration, in order to develop an adaptable model for constructing or implementing CRMs into companies. Thanks to this approximation, the information is complemented, and the outcome will increment the quality in any Marketing/Sales initiative. The goal of this article is to explore the different factors grouped by three main domains within the impact of service quality, from a consumer’s perspective, in both on-line and off-line retailing sector.  Secondly, we plan to go a step further and extract base guidelines about previous analysis for designing CRM’s solutions focused on the loyalty of the customers for a specific retailing sector and its product: Sports Running Shoes.

Exhibition and Trade Fair Activity and Economic Crises: response measures and factors for recovery

Communicology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
A.A. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Trade Fair ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
Response Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exhibition Industry

The paper represents the analysis of the impact on the exhibition and trade fair activity of the Russian Federation during crisis situations caused by external factors. The author examined the major anticrisis measures, industry statistics and the main trends in the postcrisis phase. The fundamental role of the exhibition industry as a tool is caused by stimulation of economic sectors recovery from the crisis due to the multiplier effect. The particular relevance of the article is justified by a comprehensive study of the state of the industry during the current crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The author provides an overview of main government support measures for the industry and explains factors that have reduced some of these measures. Also, the author examined in detail activities of non-governmental organizations and associations of the exhibition industry in lobbying for the provision of state support and educational and legal assistance to Russian exhibition companies. Thus, the importance of coordinating activities of all participants in the exhibition industry and, in particular, further consolidation of interaction at the level of industry associations, becomes apparent. Besides, the author suggests a number of measures, such as highlighting exhibitions, trade fairs and congresses from the list of mass events following the example of Germany, introducing insurability for exhibition organizers in case of postponement or cancellation of events due to emergency circumstances, standardizing public health and hygiene rules. Their practical application should mitigate the way out of the current situation.

114 What Is the Impact of Dairy Influence Cattle on the Traditional Beef Industry Structure?

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
Bradley J Johnson ◽  
Luke Fuerniss
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Industry Structure ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The U.S. cow inventory includes approximately 31 million beef cows and 9 million dairy cows, so flow of cattle from dairies into beef production influences the traditional beef industry structure. Dairy-influenced cattle have historically entered the beef supply chain as cull cows and calf-fed Holstein steers. Culled dairy cows account for approximately half of the cows harvested in the United States annually. Fed steers and heifers of dairy influence are estimated to account for 15% of annual steer and heifer slaughter. Advancements in data availability, genomics, and reproductive technologies have enabled more precise selection of dairy replacement heifers and more pregnancies to be allocated to a terminal sire. Recently, the use of beef semen to breed dairy cows that are not desirable for producing replacement heifers has become more widespread. Beef-on-dairy calves are often moved to calf ranches shortly after birth where they are weaned and grown before transitioning to traditional grow yards or feedlots. In comparison to traditional range beef production, calves of dairy origin are weaned at a younger age, have more restricted mobility early in life, and are fed a delivered ration for a greater number of days. While carcasses of dairy-originated fed cattle excel in subcutaneous leanness and marbling, calves originating from dairies typically experience greater morbidity, poorer feed conversion, and poorer dressed yields compared to native fed cattle. Future opportunities to optimize beef production from the dairy herd include refining sire selection to consistently produce high quality calves, reducing variation in calfhood management, and identifying optimal nutrition and growth technology programs for calves from dairies.

scholarly journals Modeling regional impacts and resilience to water service disruptions in urban economies

2021 ◽  
pp. 239980832199870
Author(s):  
Sheree A Pagsuyoin ◽  
Joost R Santos
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
The Impact

Water is a critical natural resource that sustains the productivity of many economic sectors, whether directly or indirectly. Climate change alongside rapid growth and development are a threat to water sustainability and regional productivity. In this paper, we develop an extension to the economic input-output model to assess the impact of water supply disruptions to regional economies. The model utilizes the inoperability variable, which measures the extent to which an infrastructure system or economic sector is unable to deliver its intended output. While the inoperability concept has been utilized in previous applications, this paper offers extensions that capture the time-varying nature of inoperability as the sectors recover from a disruptive event, such as drought. The model extension is capable of inserting inoperability adjustments within the drought timeline to capture time-varying likelihoods and severities, as well as the dependencies of various economic sectors on water. The model was applied to case studies of severe drought in two regions: (1) the state of Massachusetts (MA) and (2) the US National Capital Region (NCR). These regions were selected to contrast drought resilience between a mixed urban–rural region (MA) and a highly urban region (NCR). These regions also have comparable overall gross domestic products despite significant differences in the distribution and share of the economic sectors comprising each region. The results of the case studies indicate that in both regions, the utility and real estate sectors suffer the largest economic loss; nonetheless, results also identify region-specific sectors that incur significant losses. For the NCR, three sectors in the top 10 ranking of highest economic losses are government-related, whereas in the MA, four sectors in the top 10 are manufacturing sectors. Furthermore, the accommodation sector has also been included in the NCR case intuitively because of the high concentration of museums and famous landmarks. In contrast, the Wholesale Trade sector was among the sectors with the highest economic losses in the MA case study because of its large geographic size conducive for warehouses used as nodes for large-scale supply chain networks. Future modeling extensions could potentially include analysis of water demand and supply management strategies that can enhance regional resilience against droughts. Other regional case studies can also be pursued in future efforts to analyze various categories of drought severity beyond the case studies featured in this paper.

scholarly journals Personality and Dementia: an Approach to Differential Profile of the Caregiver

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Elena de Andrés-Jiménez ◽  
Rosa Mª Limiñana-Gras ◽  
Encarna Fernández-Ros
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to determine the existence of a characteristic personality profile of family carers of people with dementia. The correct knowledge and use of psychological variables which affect the carer, helps to promote appropriate actions to mitigate the impact of care and improve the carer’s quality of life and likewise the one of the person cared for. The study population consists of 69 family carers of people with dementia, members of various associations and care centers. The results allow us to identify a characteristic personality profile for these carers and it reveals a specific psychological working in this sample, although we cannot directly relate it with the tasks of caring for people with this disease, this profile gives us very relevant information to pay more attention to the needs of this group. Moreover, the analysis of personality styles depends on the sex of the family carer, showing, once again, that the woman is in a situation of most vulnerability.

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