scholarly journals Dietary Histidine, Threonine, or Taurine Supplementation Affects Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Immune Status

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1193
Author(s):  
Lourenço Ramos-Pinto ◽  
Marina Machado ◽  
Josep Calduch-Giner ◽  
Jaume Pérez-Sánchez ◽  
Jorge Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Taurine Supplementation ◽  
Skin Mucus ◽  
Lectin Domain ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Immune Parameters

AAs have become interesting feed ingredients to be used in functional fish feeds as not only are they protein building blocks, but they also participate in several other key metabolic processes. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis of transcriptomics, hematology, and humoral immune parameters (plasma and skin mucus) were measured twice over the course of the feeding trial (four weeks). Plasma antiprotease activity increased in fish fed Thr compared to those fed the CTRL and Tau treatments, regardless of sampling time. The bactericidal activity in skin mucus decreased in fish fed Tau and His treatments compared to those fed the CTRL diet after two weeks. The membrane IgT (mIgT) was upregulated in fish fed Tau after four weeks, while C-type lectin domain family domain 10 member (clec10a) was downregulated in fish fed Thr after two weeks of feeding. By comparing the molecular signatures of head-kidney by means of a PLS-DA, it is possible to visualize that the main difference is between the two sampling points, regardless of diet. Altogether, these results suggest that dietary supplementation with these AAs at the tested levels causes mild immune-modulation effects in gilthead seabream, which should be further studied under disease challenge conditions.

Humoral immune parameters in serum of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) after induced skin injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 291-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Ceballos-Francisco ◽  
Francisco A. Guardiola ◽  
Héctor Cordero ◽  
Alberto Cuesta ◽  
M. Ángeles Esteban
Keyword(s):  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Skin Injury ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Immune Parameters

Salinity influences the humoral immune parameters of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Cuesta ◽  
Raúl Laiz-Carrión ◽  
M.P. Martín del Río ◽  
José Meseguer ◽  
J. Miguel Mancera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Immune Parameters

Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurataL.) innate defence against the parasiteEnteromyxum leei(Myxozoa)

Parasitology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. CUESTA ◽  
P. MUÑOZ ◽  
A. RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
I. SALINAS ◽  
A. SITJÀ-BOBADILLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Complement Activity ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Fish Group ◽  
Innate Defence

The humoral innate immune response of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurataL.) against the myxozoanEnteromyxum leeihas been studied. At 10, 22, 38, 52 and 108 days of cohabitation fish were sampled to examine gut histology and to determine serum innate immune parameters and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNFα) in head-kidney. The parasite was successfully transmitted to 45% of the recipient fish and prevalence reached a maximum (62·5%) at the last sampling time (108 days). Recipient fish started to die after 74 days of cohabitation. In general, alternative complement activity was higher whereas the peroxidase level was lower in recipient fish than in controls. Moreover, IL-1β mRNA expression increased while the TNFα gene expression decreased in recipient fish. These data demonstrate the involvement of complement activity in the defence mechanisms of the gilthead seabream against the myxosporeanE. leei. Within the recipient fish group, few differences were observed in the studied immune parameters betweenE. leei-parasitized and non-parasitized recipient fish. Parasitological and immunological implications ofE. leeiinfections in Mediterranean fish farms are discussed.

Changes in the levels of humoral immune activities after storage of gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ) skin mucus

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 500-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Cordero ◽  
Alberto Cuesta ◽  
José Meseguer ◽  
M. Ángeles Esteban
Keyword(s):  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Skin Mucus ◽  
Humoral Immune

scholarly journals Aflatoxicosis Dysregulates the Physiological Responses to Crowding Densities in the Marine Teleost Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 753
Author(s):  
Andre Barany ◽  
Juan Fuentes ◽  
Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Juan Miguel Mancera
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Marine Teleost ◽  
Lipid Metabolites ◽  
Period Duration

Several studies in fish have shown that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) causes a disparity of species-dependent physiological disorders without compromising survival. We studied the effect of dietary administration of AFB1 (2 mg AFB1 kg−1 diet) in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles in combination with a challenge by stocking density (4 vs. 40 g L−1). The experimental period duration was ten days, and the diet with AFB1 was administered to the fish for 85 days prior to the stocking density challenge. Our results indicated an alteration in the carbohydrate and lipid metabolites mobilization in the AFB1 fed group, which was intensified at high stocking density (HSD). The CT group at HSD increased plasma cortisol levels, as expected, whereas the AFB1-HSD group did not. The star mRNA expression, an enzyme involved in cortisol synthesis in the head kidney, presented a ninefold increase in the AFB1 group at low stocking density (LSD) compared to the CT-LSD group. Adenohypophyseal gh mRNA expression increased in the AFB1-HSD but not in the CT-HSD group. Overall, these results confirmed that chronic AFB1 dietary exposure alters the adequate endocrinological physiological cascade response in S. aurata, compromising the expected stress response to an additional stressor, such as overcrowding.

scholarly journals Differential proteome profile of skin mucus of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) after probiotic intake and/or overcrowding stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Cordero ◽  
Patricia Morcillo ◽  
Alberto Cuesta ◽  
Monica F. Brinchmann ◽  
María A. Esteban
Keyword(s):  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Skin Mucus ◽  
Proteome Profile

scholarly journals Effect of Light–Dark Cycle on Skin Mucosal Immune Activities of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) and European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Fishes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Diana Ceballos-Francisco ◽  
Alberto Cuesta ◽  
María Ángeles Esteban
Keyword(s):  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Skin Mucus

Changes in different immune activities in the skin mucus of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) specimens exposed to a constant light–dark photoperiod (12 h L:12 h D) were studied. Samples were collected at 08:00 (light on), 14:00, 20:00 (light off), 02:00, and again at 08:00 to determine immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels, several enzymes related to the immune system, and bactericidal activity. IgM levels were higher during the day in seabream and reached a minimum value at 20:00, but it was hardly affected in sea bass. No significant variations were recorded in the levels of protease and antiprotease. Peroxidase reached its maximum level in seabream at 02:00, the same time that it reached its minimum level in sea bass. Lysozyme showed little variation in seabream, but it was significantly lower at 14:00 than during the rest of the cycle in sea bass. Finally, different interspecific variations on bactericidal activity against Vibrio harveyi were recorded. The findings demonstrate that the immune parameters present in skin mucus of these important fish species are affected by the light–dark cycle and that there are substantial interspecies differences.

scholarly journals Immune Status and Hepatic Antioxidant Capacity of Gilthead Seabream Sparus aurata Juveniles Fed Yeast and Microalga Derived β-glucans

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Bruno Reis ◽  
Ana Teresa Gonçalves ◽  
Paulo Santos ◽  
Manuel Sardinha ◽  
Luís E. C. Conceição ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Dietary Concentration

This work aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with β-glucans extracted from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and microalga (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) on gene expression, oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma immune parameters in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. A practical commercial diet was used as the control (CTRL), and three others based on CTRL were further supplemented with different β-glucan extracts. One was derived from S. cerevisiae (diet MG) and two different extracts of 21% and 37% P. tricornutum-derived β-glucans (defined as Phaeo21 and Phaeo37), to give a final 0.06% β-glucan dietary concentration. Quadruplicate groups of 95 gilthead seabream (initial body weight: 4.1 ± 0.1 g) were fed to satiation three times a day for 8 weeks in a pulse-feeding regimen, with experimental diets intercalated with the CTRL dietary treatment every 2 weeks. After 8 weeks of feeding, all groups showed equal growth performance and no changes were found in plasma innate immune status. Nonetheless, fish groups fed β-glucans supplemented diets showed an improved anti-oxidant status compared to those fed CTRL at both sampling points (i.e., 2 and 8 weeks). The intestinal gene expression analysis highlighted the immunomodulatory role of Phaeo37 diet after 8 weeks, inducing an immune tolerance effect in gilthead seabream intestine, and a general down-regulation of immune-related gene expression. In conclusion, the results suggest that the dietary pulse administration of a P. tricornutum 37% enriched-β-glucans extract might be used as a counter-measure in a context of gut inflammation, due to its immune-tolerant and anti-oxidative effects.

scholarly journals Carvacrol, Thymol, and Garlic Essential Oil Promote Skin Innate Immunity in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Through the Multifactorial Modulation of the Secretory Pathway and Enhancement of Mucus Protective Capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana P. Firmino ◽  
Laura Fernández-Alacid ◽  
Eva Vallejos-Vidal ◽  
Ricardo Salomón ◽  
Ignasi Sanahuja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Secretory Pathway ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
Skin Mucus ◽  
Garlic Essential Oil

One of the main targets for the use of phytogenics in aquafeeds is the mucosal tissues as they constitute a physical and biochemical shield against environmental and pathogenic threats, comprising elements from both the innate and acquired immunity. In the present study, the modulation of the skin transcriptional immune response, the bacterial growth capacity in skin mucus, and the overall health condition of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles fed a dietary supplementation of garlic essential oil, carvacrol, and thymol were assessed. The enrichment analysis of the skin transcriptional profile of fish fed the phytogenic-supplemented diet revealed the regulation of genes associated to cellular components involved in the secretory pathway, suggesting the stimulation, and recruitment of phagocytic cells. Genes recognized by their involvement in non-specific immune response were also identified in the analysis. The promotion of the secretion of non-specific immune molecules into the skin mucus was proposed to be involved in the in vitro decreased growth capacity of pathogenic bacteria in the mucus of fish fed the phytogenic-supplemented diet. Although the mucus antioxidant capacity was not affected by the phytogenics supplementation, the regulation of genes coding for oxidative stress enzymes suggested the reduction of the skin oxidative stress. Additionally, the decreased levels of cortisol in mucus indicated a reduction in the fish allostatic load due to the properties of the tested additive. Altogether, the dietary garlic, carvacrol, and thymol appear to promote the gilthead seabream skin innate immunity and the mucus protective capacity, decreasing its susceptibility to be colonized by pathogenic bacteria.

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