scholarly journals Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Salmonella Isolated from Broiler Farms at the Tolima Region—Colombia

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 970
Author(s):  
Roy Rodríguez-Hernández ◽  
Johan F. Bernal ◽  
Jimmy F. Cifuentes ◽  
Luz Clemencia Fandiño ◽  
María P. Herrera-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Paratyphi B

Salmonella is an important animal and human pathogen responsible for Salmonellosis, and it is frequently associated with the consumption of contaminated poultry products. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Salmonella in the poultry farms and to determine the genetic relationship. A total of 135 samples collected from fifteen broiler farms, including cloacal, feed, water, environmental and farm operator faeces samples were subjected to microbiological isolation. Molecular confirmation of Salmonella isolates was carried out by amplification of the invA gene, discrimination of d-tartrate-fermenting Salmonella isolates using multiplex PCR, and subsequently analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A survey questionnaire was conducted to identify potential risk factors for Salmonella presence in broiler farms. The prevalence of Salmonella at the farm level was 26.67%, and Salmonella isolates were serotyped as S. Paratyphi B and all isolates were d-tartrate-fermenting (dT+). PFGE showed three highly similar clusters and one significantly different Salmonella isolate. S. Paratyphi B continued to be present in different links of the poultry chain in the Tolima region, and identification of its main source is necessary to control its dissemination.

scholarly journals Characterization of Staphylococcus intermedius from Pigeons, Dogs, Foxes, Mink, and Horses by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

2002 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa WAKITA ◽  
Akira SHIMIZU ◽  
Václav HÁJEK ◽  
Junichi KAWANO ◽  
Kenji YAMASHITA
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius

scholarly journals Application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to the epidemiological characterization ofStaphylococcus intermediusimplicated in a food-related outbreak

1994 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Khambaty ◽  
R. W. Bennett ◽  
D. B. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pfge Pattern ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Epidemiological Characterization

SUMMARYAn outbreak of food intoxication involving over 265 cases in western United States occurred in October 1991.Staphylococcus intermediuswas implicated as the aetiologic agent. Representative outbreak isolates (five clinical and ten from foods) produced type A enterotoxin. DNA fragments generated by four restriction endonucleases and analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) provided definitive evidence that all isolates from nine different counties in California and Nevada were derived from a single strain. The PFGE pattern of these outbreak isolates was distinct from those of a heterogeneous collection of sevenS. intermediusstrains of veterinary origin and five unrelatedS. aureuslaboratory strains. The data show a significant PFGE pattern heterogeneity not only among members of differentStaphylococcusspecies but also within members of the same species and even the same enterotoxin type. The results indicate that PFGE is a valuable strain-specific discriminator for the epidemiological characterization ofS. intermedius. To our knowledge, this represents the first documented foodborne outbreak caused byS. intermedius. These findings suggest that the presence ofS. intermediusand other species such asS. hyicusin food should be reason for concern.

scholarly journals Genotypic Characterization of Clarithromycin-Resistant and -Susceptible Helicobacter pylori Strains from the Same Patient Demonstrates Existence of Two Unrelated Isolates

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 2730-2731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge Wang ◽  
Qin Jiang ◽  
Diane E. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Clarithromycin Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Mode Of Development

Clarithromycin-susceptible and clarithromycin-resistantHelicobacter pylori isolates from the same patient were investigated for the mode of development and mechanism of clarithromycin resistance. The clarithromycin-resistant strain UA1182 harbors homozygous A-to-G mutations at position 2143 in both copies of the 23S rRNA gene and has a phenotype of resistance to clarithromycin and clindamycin but no significant resistance to streptogramin B. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of NruI- andNotI-digested genomic DNA from the Clas and Clar isolates demonstrated that they are genetically distinct, suggesting that the development of clarithromycin resistance is not from the mutation of the existing Clas strain but from a completely new strain.

scholarly journals New product, old problem(s): multistate outbreak of Salmonella Paratyphi B variant L(+) tartrate(+) infections linked to raw sprouted nut butters, October 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Heiman Marshall ◽  
H. Booth ◽  
J. Harrang ◽  
K. Lamba ◽  
A. Folley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
New Product ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Outbreak Strain ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Voluntary Recall ◽  
Sprouted Seeds ◽  
Paratyphi B

Abstract A cluster of Salmonella Paratyphi B variant L(+) tartrate(+) infections with indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns was detected in October 2015. Interviews initially identified nut butters, kale, kombucha, chia seeds and nutrition bars as common exposures. Epidemiologic, environmental and traceback investigations were conducted. Thirteen ill people infected with the outbreak strain were identified in 10 states with illness onset during 18 July–22 November 2015. Eight of 10 (80%) ill people reported eating Brand A raw sprouted nut butters. Brand A conducted a voluntary recall. Raw sprouted nut butters are a novel outbreak vehicle, though contaminated raw nuts, nut butters and sprouted seeds have all caused outbreaks previously. Firms producing raw sprouted products, including nut butters, should consider a kill step to reduce the risk of contamination. People at greater risk for foodborne illness may wish to consider avoiding raw products containing raw sprouted ingredients.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and genetic characterization of Clostridium butyricum cultured from neonatal cases of necrotizing enterocolitis in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 900-907
Author(s):  
Yinping Dong ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Scott Nguyen ◽  
Nikunj Maheshwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Clostridium Butyricum ◽  
Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Dna Profiles

AbstractObjective:Laboratory-based characterization and traceback of Clostridium butyricum isolates linked to outbreak cases of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in a hospital in China.Methods:In total, 37 samples were collected during the NEC outbreak. Classical bacteriological methods were applied to isolate and identify Clostridium spp. Meanwhile, 24 samples collected after an outbreak were similarly tested. All Clostridium isolates were identified to species level as either C. butyricum or C. sporogenes. These isolates were subsequently subtyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Genomic DNA was purified from 2 representative C. butyricum isolates and sequenced to completion.Results:Of 37 samples collected during the NEC outbreak, 17 (45.95%) were positive for Clostridium spp. One species, C. butyricum, was cultured from 10 samples. Another species cultured from 2 other samples was identified as C. sporogenes. Both of these species were cocultured from 5 samples. Pulsotyping showed that the 15 C. butyricum and the 7 C. sporogenes isolates produced indistinguishable DNA profiles. No NEC cases were reported after disinfection following the outbreak, and all samples collected after the outbreak were negative for Clostridium spp. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) indicated that sialidase, hemolysin, and enterotoxin virulence factors were located on the chromosomes of 2 C. butyricum isolates.Conclusions:The outbreak of NEC was epidemiologically linked to C. butyricum contamination within the hospital. This is the first report of an NEC outbreak associated with C. butyricum infection in China.

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