scholarly journals Serological Survey on the Occurrence of Anti-Leptospira spp. Antibodies in Red-Eared Terrapins (Trachemys scripta elegans) Living in a Natural Park of Northern Italy

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 602
Author(s):  
Eleonora Bonacina ◽  
Maurizio Oltolina ◽  
Roberto Robbiati ◽  
Paolo Pinzauti ◽  
Valentina Virginia Ebani
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Trachemys Scripta ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Trachemys Scripta Elegans ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Microagglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Serovars ◽  
The One

Turtles are suspected to be involved in the epidemiology of Leptospira; however, data about the dissemination of this zoonotic pathogen among chelonians are scant. In the present study, the serum samples collected from 49 Trachemys scripta elegans living in a natural park of northern Italy were tested by a microagglutination test to measure detectable antibodies against different Leptospira serovars. Three (6.12%) turtles had agglutinins to the serovar Tarassovi, suggesting that they were exposed to the spirochaetes. Currently, it is not clear if Leptospira can cause disease in chelonians or if these animals can serve as reservoirs of leptospirae. Considering that chelonians often share the same environment with other animals and humans, and considering the One Health perspective, investigations to better understand the role of chelonians as a source of Leptospira infection are necessary.

scholarly journals Strengthening the One Health Agenda: The Role of Molecular Epidemiology in Aspergillus Threat Management

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eta Ashu ◽  
Jianping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
One Health ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Threat Management ◽  
The One

The United Nations’ One Health initiative advocates the collaboration of multiple sectors within the global and local health authorities toward the goal of better public health management outcomes. The emerging global health threat posed by Aspergillus species is an example of a management challenge that would benefit from the One Health approach. In this paper, we explore the potential role of molecular epidemiology in Aspergillus threat management and strengthening of the One Health initiative. Effective management of Aspergillus at a public health level requires the development of rapid and accurate diagnostic tools to not only identify the infecting pathogen to species level, but also to the level of individual genotype, including drug susceptibility patterns. While a variety of molecular methods have been developed for Aspergillus diagnosis, their use at below-species level in clinical settings has been very limited, especially in resource-poor countries and regions. Here we provide a framework for Aspergillus threat management and describe how molecular epidemiology and experimental evolution methods could be used for predicting resistance through drug exposure. Our analyses highlight the need for standardization of loci and methods used for molecular diagnostics, and surveillance across Aspergillus species and geographic regions. Such standardization will enable comparisons at national and global levels and through the One Health approach, strengthen Aspergillus threat management efforts.

scholarly journals A One Health Perspective on the Human–Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A.M. Overgaauw ◽  
Claudia M. Vinke ◽  
Marjan A.E. van Hagen ◽  
Len J.A. Lipman
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
One Health ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Companion Animal ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
The One

Over time the human–animal bond has been changed. For instance, the role of pets has changed from work animals (protecting houses, catching mice) to animals with a social function, giving companionship. Pets can be important for the physical and mental health of their owners but may also transmit zoonotic infections. The One Health initiative is a worldwide strategy for expanding collaborations in all aspects of health care for humans, animals, and the environment. However, in One Health communications the role of particularly dogs and cats is often underestimated. Objective: Evaluation of positive and negative One Health issues of the human–companion animal relationship with a focus on zoonotic aspects of cats and dogs in industrialized countries. Method: Literature review. Results: Pets undoubtedly have a positive effect on human health, while owners are increasing aware of pet’s health and welfare. The changing attitude of humans with regard to pets and their environment can also lead to negative effects such as changes in feeding practices, extreme breeding, and behavioral problems, and anthropozoonoses. For the human, there may be a higher risk of the transmission of zoonotic infections due to trends such as sleeping with pets, allowing pets to lick the face or wounds, bite accidents, keeping exotic animals, the importation of rescue dogs, and soil contact. Conclusions: One Health issues need frequently re-evaluated as the close human–animal relationship with pet animals can totally differ compared to decennia ago. Because of the changed human–companion animal bond, recommendations regarding responsible pet-ownership, including normal hygienic practices, responsible breeding, feeding, housing, and mental and physical challenges conforming the biology of the animal are required. Education can be performed by vets and physicians as part of the One Health concept.

scholarly journals Zoonoses and One Health: A Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satesh Bidaisee ◽  
Calum N. L. Macpherson
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dependent Relationship ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
The One

Background. One health is a concept that was officially adopted by international organizations and scholarly bodies in 1984. It is the notion of combining human, animal, and environmental components to address global health challenges that have an ecological interconnectedness.Methods. A cross-sectional study of the available literature cited was conducted from January 1984 when the one health concept was adopted till December 2012 to examine the role of the one health approach towards zoonoses. Inclusion criteria included publications, professional presentations, funding allocations, official documentation books, and book chapters, and exclusion criteria included those citations written outside the period of review.Results. A total of 737 resources met the inclusion criteria and were considered in this review. Resources showed a continuous upward trend for the years from 2006 to 2012. The predominant resources were journal publications with environmental health as the significant scope focus for one health. There was also an emphasis on the distribution of the work from developed countries. All categories of years, resources, scopes, and country locale differed from the means (P=0.000). Year of initiative, scope, and country locale showed a dependent relationship (P=0.022,P=0.003, andP=0.021, resp.).Conclusion. Our findings demonstrate the rapid growth in embracing the concept of one health, particularly in developed countries over the past six years. The advantages and benefits of this approach in tackling zoonoses are manifold, yet they are still not seemingly being embraced in developing countries where zoonoses have the greatest impact.

Role of the trochlear nerve in eye abduction and frontal vision of the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans)

2013 ◽  
Vol 521 (15) ◽  
pp. 3464-3477 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Dearworth ◽  
A.L. Ashworth ◽  
J.M. Kaye ◽  
D.T. Bednarz ◽  
J.F. Blaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trachemys Scripta ◽  
Trochlear Nerve ◽  
Trachemys Scripta Elegans ◽  
Slider Turtle

scholarly journals One Health Approach to Zoonotic Parasites: Molecular Detection of Intestinal Protozoans in an Urban Population of Norway Rats, Rattus norvegicus, in Barcelona, Spain

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
María Teresa Galán-Puchades ◽  
María Trelis ◽  
Sandra Sáez-Durán ◽  
Susana Cifre ◽  
Carla Gosálvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
One Health ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Norway Rat ◽  
The One ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
Norway Rats

Rattus norvegicus, the brown or Norway rat, is the most abundant mammal after humans in urban areas, where they live in close proximity to people. Among rodent-borne diseases, the reservoir role of Norway rats of zoonotic parasites in cities has practically been ignored. Considering the parasitic diseases in the One Health approach, we intended to identify and quantify the zoonotic intestinal protozoans (ZIP) in an urban population of R. norvegicus in the city of Barcelona, Spain. We studied the presence of ZIP in 100 rats trapped in parks (n = 15) as well as in the city’s sewage system (n = 85) in the winter of 2016/17. The protozoans were molecularly identified by means of a multiplex PCR (AllplexTM Gastrointestinal Panel-Parasite Assay). We also investigated the presence of co-infections among the species found. Four ZIP were identified, presenting significant prevalences in sewers, specifically Blastocystis (83.5%), Giardia duodenalis (37.7%), Cryptosporidium spp. (34.1%), and Dientamoeba fragilis (14.1%). Several co-infections among the detected ZIP were also detected. The reservoir role of ZIP that Norway rats play in cities as well as the role rats may play as sentinels of zoonotic parasites affecting humans in urban areas are strongly backed up by our findings. The increasing worldwide urbanization, climate change, and the COVID-19 pandemic are factors that are producing an increase in human–rat interactions. Our results should be considered a warning to the authorities to intensify rat control and surveillance in public health interventions.

scholarly journals Parasitology and One Health—Perspectives on Africa and Beyond

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1437
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Lorusso
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
One Health ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
The One

This concept paper reviews issues pertaining to parasitic and vector-borne infections, of humans, animals, or both, of topical relevance to the African continent as well as to neighbouring and interconnected geographies. This analysis is carried out through the “One Health” lens, being mindful of the central role of agriculture and livestock keeping in Africa’s sustainable development. The possible agricultural transformation that the continent may undergo to fulfil the rising demand for animal protein of its growing population, coupled with the ongoing climate changes, may lead to potentially enhanced interactions among humans, domesticated and wild animals, in a fast-changing environment. In this view, tackling parasitic conditions of livestock can prove being multidimensionally beneficial by improving animal health as well as communities’ food security, livelihood and public health. Accordingly, the value of applying the One Health approach to drug discovery and development in the fight against parasitic neglected tropical diseases and zoonoses, is also underscored. Overall, this article upholds the adoption of a holistic, global, interdisciplinary, multisectoral, harmonised and forward-looking outlook, encompassing both life and social sciences, when dealing with parasitic conditions of humans and animals, in Africa and beyond, in COVID-19 times and further.

scholarly journals Detection and analysis of tick-borne infections in communal dogs of northwest Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Kennedy ◽  
Riley E. Thompson ◽  
Anna McRee Bakker ◽  
Canny Fung ◽  
Jessica Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Wildlife Health ◽  
Genetic Sequencing ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The One

Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) may serve as a reservoir or a sentinel for infectious disease pathogens that can affect human and wildlife health. To understand the role of tick-borne diseases in rural and lesser developed regions, we investigated the prevalence of several tick-borne pathogens in communal dogs of Zimbabwe. Blood samples from 225 dogs in northwest Zimbabwe were assessed by serology for Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi, and 241 samples were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Ehrlichia. There was a high seroprevalence (73%) of E. canis-specific antibodies in domestic dogs in northwest Zimbabwe, but follow up analyses via PCR and genetic sequencing indicated only 7.5% of the canines were actively infected with the organism. Whilst indicating that an organism serologically related to E. canis is likely present in the region, this data also shows that the organism is currently present in a relative minority of the domestic dogs in the region. Its presence as evidenced by both serologic and PCR analysis is significant because of the ‘one health’ paradigm, where humans and wildlife may be affected by the exposure to this pathogen in domestic dogs.

You Are the One I Want to Communicate With!

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Pierucci ◽  
Olivier Klein ◽  
Andrea Carnaghi
Keyword(s):  
Memory Bias ◽  
Shared Reality ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Shared Reality Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Study Participants

This article investigates the role of relational motives in the saying-is-believing effect ( Higgins & Rholes, 1978 ). Building on shared reality theory, we expected this effect to be most likely when communicators were motivated to “get along” with the audience. In the current study, participants were asked to describe an ambiguous target to an audience who either liked or disliked the target. The audience had been previously evaluated as a desirable vs. undesirable communication partner. Only participants who communicated with a desirable audience tuned their messages to suit their audience’s attitude toward the target. In line with predictions, they also displayed an audience-congruent memory bias in later recall.

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