scholarly journals Comparison of Fecal Microbiota of Horses Suffering from Atypical Myopathy and Healthy Co-Grazers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Christina Wimmer-Scherr ◽  
Bernard Taminiau ◽  
Benoît Renaud ◽  
Gunther van Loon ◽  
Katrien Palmers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Immune Stimulation ◽  
Bacterial Taxonomy ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
16S Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Toxic Environment

Equine atypical myopathy (AM) is caused by hypoglycin A (HGA) and methylenecyclopropylglycine (MCPG) intoxication resulting from the ingestion of seeds or seedlings of some Acer tree species. Interestingly, not all horses pasturing in the same toxic environment develop signs of the disease. In other species, it has been shown that the intestinal microbiota has an impact on digestion, metabolism, immune stimulation and protection from disease. The objective of this study was to characterize and compare fecal microbiota of horses suffering from AM and healthy co-grazers. Furthermore, potential differences in fecal microbiota regarding the outcome of diseased animals were assessed. This prospective observational study included 59 horses with AM (29 survivors and 30 non-survivors) referred to three Belgian equine hospitals and 26 clinically healthy co-grazers simultaneously sharing contaminated pastures during spring and autumn outbreak periods. Fresh fecal samples (rectal or within 30 min of defecation) were obtained from all horses and bacterial taxonomy profiling obtained by 16S amplicon sequencing was used to identify differentially distributed bacterial taxa between AM-affected horses and healthy co-grazers. Fecal microbial diversity and evenness were significantly (p < 0.001) higher in AM-affected horses as compared with their non-affected co-grazers. The relative abundance of families Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae and Akkermansiaceae were higher (p ≤ 0.001) whereas those of the Lachnospiraceae (p = 0.0053), Bacteroidales (p < 0.0001) and Clostridiales (p = 0.0402) were lower in horses with AM, especially in those with a poor prognosis. While significant shifts were observed, it is still unclear whether they result from the disease or might be involved in the onset of disease pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Assessment of clinical and microbiota responses to fecal microbial transplantation in adult horses with diarrhea

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244381
Author(s):  
Caroline A. McKinney ◽  
Daniela Bedenice ◽  
Ana P. Pacheco ◽  
Bruno C. M. Oliveira ◽  
Mary-Rose Paradis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Transplant ◽  
Unifrac Distance ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Severe Diarrhea ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
16S Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Referral Hospitals

Background and aims Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) is empirically implemented in horses with colitis to facilitate resolution of diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to assess FMT as a clinical treatment and modulator of fecal microbiota in hospitalized horses with colitis. Methods A total of 22 horses with moderate to severe diarrhea, consistent with a diagnosis of colitis, were enrolled at two referral hospitals (L1: n = 12; L2: n = 10). FMT was performed in all 12 patients on 3 consecutive days at L1, while treatment at L2 consisted of standard care without FMT. Manure was collected once daily for 4 days from the rectum in all colitis horses, prior to FMT for horses at L1, and from each manure sample used for FMT. Fecal samples from 10 clinically healthy control horses housed at L2, and 30 healthy horses located at 5 barns in regional proximity to L1 were also obtained to characterize the regional healthy equine microbiome. All fecal microbiota were analyzed using 16S amplicon sequencing. Results and conclusions As expected, healthy horses at both locations showed a greater α-diversity and lower β-diversity compared to horses with colitis. The fecal microbiome of healthy horses clustered by location, with L1 horses showing a higher prevalence of Kiritimatiellaeota. Improved manure consistency (lower diarrhea score) was associated with a greater α-diversity in horses with colitis at both locations (L1: r = -0.385, P = 0.006; L2: r = -0.479, P = 0.002). Fecal transplant recipients demonstrated a greater overall reduction in diarrhea score (median: 4±3 grades), compared to untreated horses (median: 1.5±3 grades, P = 0.021), with a higher incidence in day-over-day improvement in diarrhea (22/36 (61%) vs. 10/28 (36%) instances, P = 0.011). When comparing microbiota of diseased horses at study conclusion to that of healthy controls, FMT-treated horses showed a lower mean UniFrac distance (0.53±0.27) than untreated horses (0.62±0.26, P<0.001), indicating greater normalization of the microbiome in FMT-treated patients.

scholarly journals Independent Prognostic Indicators in the Elderly with Pneumonia: A Single-Center Prospective Observational Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Surme ◽  
Ilker Inanc Balkan ◽  
Osman Faruk Bayramlar ◽  
Ritvan Kara Ali ◽  
Bilgul Mete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Pneumonia Severity Index ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Prognostic Indicators

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to investigate poor prognostic indicators in the elderly with pneumonia. Methods: In this prospective observational study, the patients with pneumonia were stratified into younger (18-64 years) and older (≥65 years) groups. The poor prognostic indicators were determined and compared. Results: There were 184 pneumonia episodes in 155 patients. The median age of the cases was 72 (range, 18-104) of whom 127 (69%) were ≥65 years old and 110 (59.8%) were male. Mental status changes were more common in the elderly group (p=0.04). Multivariate regression analysis determined three variables that could be potential independent risk factors for poor prognosis in the elderly: dyspnea at the onset (OR:5.85, CI:5.18-6.52, p=0.01), previous antibiotic use within the last 3 months (OR:2.97, CI:2.51-3.43, p=0.02), acute renal failure (OR:2.51, CI:2.06-2.96, p=0.04). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curves (AUC) of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein (CRP) as indicators of poor prognosis in the elderly were 0.846 (p<0.001) and 0.650 (p=0.008) respectively. In addition, mental status changes (p<0.001), the confusion, blood urea nitrogen, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and age ≥65 years (CURB-65) score (p<0.001), and the pneumonia severity index (PSI) (p<0.001) were associated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: Dyspnea at the onset, previous antibiotic use within the last 3 months, acute renal failure, serum CRP and procalcitonin levels along with the PSI and the CURB-65 scores should be carefully evaluated in terms of hospitalization, the need for intensive care unit admission and the initial antimicrobial therapy.

Prospective Observational Study of Sleep and PTSD Symptoms in Patients Undergoing PTSD Treatment

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihori Kobayashi ◽  
Brian Hall ◽  
Courtney Hout ◽  
Vanessa Springston ◽  
Patrick Palmieri
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Ptsd Treatment

The 1000Plus study protocol – a prospective observational study on the mismatch concept in a 3.0 T MRI

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (S 02) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Hotter ◽  
S Pittl ◽  
M Ebinger ◽  
G Oepen ◽  
K Jegzentis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
3.0 T ◽  
3.0 T Mri

InfeCtious disease in patients with Adrenal endocRinOpathies: the ICARO prospective observational study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Minnetti ◽  
Valeria Hasenmajer ◽  
Emilia Sbardella ◽  
Francesco Angelini ◽  
Ilaria Bonaventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study

New data in turner syndrome: Results from a long-term prospective observational study from diagnosis to adulthood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Corzani ◽  
Carolina Cecchetti ◽  
Claudia Oriolo ◽  
Paola Altieri ◽  
Annamaria Perri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Turner Syndrome ◽  
Prospective Observational Study
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