scholarly journals Challenges and Tendencies of Automatic Milking Systems (AMS): A 20-Years Systematic Review of Literature and Patents

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Alessia Cogato ◽  
Marta Brščić ◽  
Hao Guo ◽  
Francesco Marinello ◽  
Andrea Pezzuolo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Industrial Research ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Automatic Milking ◽  
Automatic Milking Systems

Over the last two decades, the dairy industry has adopted the use of Automatic Milking Systems (AMS). AMS have the potential to increase the effectiveness of the milking process and sustain animal welfare. This study assessed the state of the art of research activities on AMS through a systematic review of scientific and industrial research. The papers and patents of the last 20 years (2000–2019) were analysed to assess the research tendencies. The words appearing in title, abstract and keywords of a total of 802 documents were processed with the text mining tool. Four clusters were identified (Components, Technology, Process and Animal). For each cluster, the words frequency analysis enabled us to identify the research tendencies and gaps. The results showed that focuses of the scientific and industrial research areas complementary, with scientific papers mainly dealing with topics related to animal and process, and patents giving priority to technology and components. Both scientific and industrial research converged on some crucial objectives, such as animal welfare, process sustainability and technological development. Despite the increasing interest in animal welfare, this review highlighted that further progress is needed to meet the consumers’ demand. Moreover, milk yield is still regarded as more valuable compared to milk quality. Therefore, additional effort is necessary on the latter. At the process level, some gaps have been found related to cleaning operations, necessary to improve milk quality and animal health. The use of farm data and their incorporation on herd decision support systems (DSS) appeared optimal. The results presented in this review may be used as an overall assessment useful to address future research.

scholarly journals Effect of automatic milking systems on milk quality

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 108-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wiking ◽  
J. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Milk Quality ◽  
Automatic Milking ◽  
Automatic Milking Systems

On-line Near-infrared Spectroscopic Sensing Techniques for Assessing Milk Quality in Automatic Milking Systems

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuso Kawamura ◽  
Masataka Kawasaki ◽  
Shigeru Morita ◽  
Michio Komiya ◽  
Kazuhiko Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopic ◽  
On Line ◽  
Automatic Milking ◽  
Automatic Milking Systems

scholarly journals Reflection paper on MRSA in food-producing and companion animals: epidemiology and control options for human and animal health

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. CATRY ◽  
E. VAN DUIJKEREN ◽  
M. C. POMBA ◽  
C. GREKO ◽  
M. A. MORENO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
And Control

SUMMARYThe scope of this reflection paper was to review the latest research on the risk of MRSA infection and colonization in animals. Attention focused on occurrence, risk factors for colonization and infection, and human contact hazard for livestock, horses, and companion animals. Whereas the clonal relationship between MRSA strains of CC398 is straightforward in livestock this is less obvious in horses. Small companion animals typically share MRSA strains that seem to exchange with a human reservoir. Management and therapeutic options have been suggested for livestock, horses, companion animals, as well as instructions on safety measures for persons in contact with animals. Conclusions were drawn with emphasis on future research activities, especially to confirm the apparent evolution of the organism and to demonstrate efficiency of control strategies.

scholarly journals Neurotropic Astroviruses in Animals

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1201
Author(s):  
Nicole Wildi ◽  
Torsten Seuberlich
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Neuronal Necrosis ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Viral Determinants ◽  
Suppurative Inflammation ◽  
The Brain

Astrovirus infections are among the main causes of diarrhea in children, but their significance for animal health has remained underestimated and largely unknown. This is changing due to the increasing amount of newly identified neurotropic astroviruses in cases of nonsuppurative encephalitis and neurological disease in humans, pigs, ruminant species and minks. Neurological cases in ruminants and humans usually occur sporadically and as isolated cases. This contrasts with the situation in pigs and minks, in which diseases associated with neurotropic astroviruses are endemic and occur on the herd level. Affected animals show neurological signs such as mild ataxia to tetraplegia, loss of orientation or trembling, and the outcome is often fatal. Non-suppurative inflammation with perivascular cuffing, gliosis and neuronal necrosis are typical histological lesions of astrovirus encephalitis. Since astroviruses primarily target the gastrointestinal tract, it is assumed that they infect the brain through the circulatory system or retrograde following the nerves. The phylogenetic analysis of neurotropic astroviruses has revealed that they are genetically closely related, suggesting the presence of viral determinants for tissue tropism and neuroinvasion. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on neurotropic astrovirus infections in animals and propose future research activities.

scholarly journals Milk Quality on Danish Farms with Automatic Milking Systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (11) ◽  
pp. 2869-2878 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Rasmussen ◽  
M. Bjerring ◽  
P. Justesen ◽  
L. Jepsen
Keyword(s):  
Milk Quality ◽  
Automatic Milking ◽  
Automatic Milking Systems

scholarly journals Water Consumption in the Automatic Milking Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
Petr Vaculík ◽  
Tomáš Jehlička ◽  
Viera Kažimírová ◽  
Andrea Smejtková
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Automatic Milking ◽  
Automatic Milking Systems ◽  
Drinking Milk

Abstract The article deals with the determination of water consumption at selected dairy farms during milking using automatic milking systems (AMS). The aim was to determine the water consumption during basic activities associated with the AMS use, namely water for cleaning the milking set and water for cleaning and disinfecting the entire milking system at set daily intervals (hereinafter water). The research was carried out at seven farms in the Czech Republic, which house dairy cows of the black-spotted Holstein cattle. The evaluated groups of dairy cows had from 97 to 103 milked cows for the entire monitored period. Based on the performed measurements, it was found that the average amount of water consumed by AMS per 1 litre of milked milk was 0.33 litres. The results show that water consumption is not completely constant during the year. Multiple factors, including performance, the number of non-drinking milk detections, animal health and current climatic conditions, influence it.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Introduction of Automatic Milking Systems on Milk Quality

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1998-2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H. Klungel ◽  
B.A. Slaghuis ◽  
H. Hogeveen
Keyword(s):  
Milk Quality ◽  
Automatic Milking ◽  
Automatic Milking Systems
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