scholarly journals Developing and Understanding Olfactory Evaluation of Boar Taint

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1684
Author(s):  
Evert Heyrman ◽  
Steven Janssens ◽  
Nadine Buys ◽  
Lynn Vanhaecke ◽  
Sam Millet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expert Panel ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Boar Taint ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Previous Sample ◽  
Olfactory Detection ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Test Priming

Trained expert panels are used routinely in boar taint research, with varying protocols for training of panelists and scoring methods. We describe a standardized process for training and scoring, to contribute to standardize the olfactory detection of boar taint. Three experiments are described in which we (1) evaluate the importance of training and the effect of the previous sample, (2) determine detection thresholds on strips and in fat for our panel, and (3) test priming panelists before boar taint evaluation. For the final evaluation of boar taint, we propose a consistent three-person evaluation scoring on a 0–4 scale using a final mean score of 0.5 as the cut-off for boar taint. This gave an optimal sensitivity of 0.81 and a specificity of 0.56 compared to chemical cut-offs. Even limited training proved useful, but priming assessors with strips did not improve the evaluation of fat samples. Detection thresholds were higher in fat compared to strips, except for indole. We recommend panelists to always smell a non-tainted control sample after a tainted one as a ‘reset’ mechanism, before continuing. For longitudinal studies, we additionally advise to set up an expert panel with a fixed number of assessors performing each evaluation in duplicate.

Sensory evaluation of boar-taint-containing minced meat, dry-cured ham and dry fermented sausage by a trained expert panel and consumers

2017 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaat Verplanken ◽  
Jella Wauters ◽  
Vicky Vercruysse ◽  
Marijke Aluwé ◽  
Lynn Vanhaecke
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Boar Taint ◽  
Fermented Sausage ◽  
Dry Fermented Sausage ◽  
Dry Cured Ham ◽  
Minced Meat

scholarly journals Expert Consensus on Predictive Parameters for the Occurrence of a Fall and a Contralateral Hip Fracture 1 and 3 Years After Hip Fracture: A Delphi Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Joeris ◽  
Anahí Hurtado-Chong ◽  
Michael Blauth ◽  
Joerg Goldhahn ◽  
Nicolas S. Bodmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Expert Consensus ◽  
Relevant Parameter ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Predictive Parameters ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Risk Parameters

Background: Early identification of people at risk for a contralateral hip fracture would be desirable to favorably influence patients’ prognosis. A recent systematic review failed to depict stringent patterns of risk parameters to be used for decision-making in clinical practice. Objective: To perform a consensus study using the Delphi method to reach an expert consensus on predictive parameters for the occurrence of a fall and a contralateral hip fracture 1 and 3 years after hip fracture. Methods: A list of potential members of the expert panel was identified based on the authors’ list of a recently conducted systematic review. Participating experts were asked to name parameters determining the probability for a fall and a contralateral hip fracture 1 and 3 years after an occurred hip fracture, separately. Additionally, we asked how those stated parameters should be measured. All mentioned parameters were compiled and sent back to the experts asking them to weight each single parameter by assigning a number between 1 (not important) and 10 (very important). The survey was conducted online using the REDCap software package. We defined expert agreement if the interquartile range of attributed weights for a parameter was ≤2. A relevant parameter had at least a median weight of 8. Results: Twelve experts from 7 countries completed the survey. Presence of fall history and mental and general health status were considered relevant irrespective of the outcome. For falling within 1 and 3 years, the number of medications and residential status were considered relevant, while for fractures within 1 and 3 years, osteoporosis management was considered important. Conclusion: Using the insights gained in this consensus study, empiric studies need to be set up assessing the prognostic value of the selected parameters.

Government-backed expert panel set up to improve race equality

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Stephanie Jones-Berry
Keyword(s):  
Expert Panel ◽  
Set Up

The Pyridine Scale for Clinical Measurement of Olfactory Threshold: A Quantitative Reevaluation

1979 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen H. Sherman ◽  
John E. Amoore ◽  
Vivian Weigel
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Olfactory Threshold ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Clinical Measurement ◽  
Threshold Test ◽  
Olfactory Detection ◽  
Olfactory Detection Thresholds ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Existing Data

Serial dilutions of pyridine in water are employed for measuring the olfactory detection thresholds of patients. Experimental precautions are described that improve the precision and accuracy of the method. Existing data on the sensitivities of hyposmic patients are confirmed, but the sensitivities of normal subjects and of hyperosmic patients are believed to have been substantially overestimated in some earlier publications. Routine clinical applications of the revised pyridine odor threshold test are discussed. In the authors' experience, the average cystic fibrosis patient is slightly hyposmic, and some cases of pituitary tumor are accompanied by a 100,000-fold hyperosmia.

Effect of Strong Fragrance on Olfactory Detection Thresholds of Health Workers at UCH Ibadan, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. P116-P117
Author(s):  
Ayotunde J. Fasunla ◽  
David D. Douglas ◽  
Aderemi A. Adeosun ◽  
Silke Steinbach ◽  
Onyekwere G. Nwaorgu
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Olfactory Detection ◽  
Olfactory Detection Thresholds ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

scholarly journals Oxytocin administration selectively improves olfactory detection thresholds for lyral in patients with schizophrenia

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Woolley ◽  
O. Lam ◽  
B. Chuang ◽  
J.M. Ford ◽  
D.H. Mathalon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Olfactory Detection ◽  
Olfactory Detection Thresholds

scholarly journals An investigation of the competencies involved in the facilitation of CBT-based group psychoeducational interventions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Louise A. Noble ◽  
Nick Firth ◽  
Jaime Delgadillo ◽  
Stephen Kellett
Keyword(s):  
Delphi Study ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Measure Development ◽  
Group Facilitation ◽  
Expert Review ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Delphi Approach ◽  
Group Psychoeducation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Psychoeducational Interventions

Abstract Background: Whilst the delivery of low-intensity group psychoeducation is a key feature of the early steps of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme, there is little consensus regarding the skills and competencies demanded. Aims: To identify the competencies involved in facilitating CBT-based group psychoeducation in order to inform future measure development. Method: A Delphi study in which participants (n = 36) were relevant IAPT stakeholders and then an expert panel (n = 8) review of the competencies identified within the Delphi study to create a shortened, more practical list of competencies. Results: After three consultation rounds, consensus was reached on 36 competencies. These competencies were assigned to four main categories: group set-up, content, process and closure. A further expert review produced a shortened 16-item set of psychoeducation group facilitation competencies. Conclusions: The current study has produced a promising framework for assessing facilitator competency in delivering CBT-based group psychoeducational interventions. Weaknesses in the Delphi approach are noted and directions for future measure development research are identified.

KNOWLEDGE-BASED SCENE EXPLORATION USING COMPUTER VISION AND LEARNED ANALYSIS STRATEGIES

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 627-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. AHLRICHS ◽  
D. PAULUS ◽  
H. NIEMANN
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Semantic Network ◽  
Vision System ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Analysis Strategy ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Office Rooms

In this contribution we demonstrate how the task of visual scene exploration can be solved by a knowledge-based vision system. During scene exploration, the system searches for a fixed number of a priori known objects in a static scene. If not all objects are visible using the initial camera set-up, the camera parameters have to be adjusted and the camera has to be moved by the system. This problem is reduced to the choice of optimal camera actions. The information about the objects and the camera actions is uniformly represented in a semantic network. In addition, a control algorithm is provided that finds the optimal assignment from objects to parts of a scene based on a suitable analysis strategy. This strategy is acquired by the system itself using reinforcement learning methods. The paper focuses on aspects of knowledge representation concerning the integration of camera actions and on the integration of reinforcement learning methods in a semantic network formalism and applies them in a realistic setup. Experiments are shown for images of two office rooms.

Olfactory Sensitivity for the Mammalian Blood Odor Component Trans-4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-decenal in CD-1 Mice

Perception ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Sarrafchi ◽  
Matthias Laska
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Receptor ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Olfactory Sensitivity ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Mammalian Blood ◽  
Olfactory Detection ◽  
Olfactory Detection Thresholds ◽  
Olfactory Receptor Genes ◽  
Interspecific Comparisons

Using a conditioning paradigm and an automated olfactometer, we investigated the olfactory sensitivity of CD-1 mice for the mammalian blood odor component trans-4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-decenal. We found that two of the animals significantly discriminated concentrations down to 3.0 ppt (parts per trillion) from the solvent, and three animals even successfully detected dilutions as low as 0.3 ppt. Intraspecific comparisons between the olfactory detection thresholds obtained here with those obtained in earlier studies with other odorants show that mice are extraordinarily sensitive to this blood odor component. Interspecific comparisons of olfactory detection thresholds show that human subjects are even more sensitive to trans-4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-decenal than the mice tested here. Both intra- and inter-specific comparisons suggest that neither neuroanatomical properties such as the size of the olfactory epithelium, the total number of olfactory receptor neurons, or the size of olfactory brain structures, nor genetic properties such as the number of functional olfactory receptor genes or the proportion of functional relative to the total number of olfactory receptor genes allow us to reliably predict a species’ olfactory sensitivity. In contrast, the results support the notion that the behavioral relevance of an odorant rather than neuroanatomical or genetic properties may determine a species’ olfactory sensitivity.

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