scholarly journals A Detailed Questionnaire for the Evaluation of Health Management in Dairy Sheep and Goats

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1489
Author(s):  
Daphne T. Lianou ◽  
Ioanna P. Chatziprodromidou ◽  
Natalia G. C. Vasileiou ◽  
Charalambia K. Michael ◽  
Vasia S. Mavrogianni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Primary Language ◽  
Dairy Sheep ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Detailed Questionnaire ◽  
Production Characteristics

The objective of this work was to develop, use and present a detailed questionnaire for the evaluation of health management in dairy small ruminants; it includes 442 questions organised in seven sections: general, infrastructure, animals, production characteristics, health management, nutrition, human resources. Consistency of replies was evaluated in 27 farmers, interviewed twice. Inconsistent replies were given by all farmers to 30 different questions (Cronbach’s coefficient alpha: 0.987). Then, interviews were performed in 444 farms around Greece. Mean duration of an interview was 63.6 min. Clarifications were requested by 273 farmers to 22 different questions (maximum per farmer: 8). The experience of the investigator, the primary language of farmers and asking clarifications by the farmers affected the duration of the interview. The questionnaire can be used for research work in the field, to record details in the farms under study. In accord with the needs of a particular study, it can be modified, by adding more specific questions or omitting others deemed of less importance. Moreover, it can also be used for routine monitoring purposes, as a useful means to record and maintain details of farms during clinical work. To the best of our knowledge, the questionnaire is the most extensive and detailed one available internationally for dairy small ruminants.

scholarly journals Isolation ofMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosisfrom non-ruminant wildlife living in the sheds and on the pastures of Greek sheep and goats

2007 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. 644-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. FLOROU ◽  
L. LEONTIDES ◽  
P. KOSTOULAS ◽  
C. BILLINIS ◽  
M. SOFIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Dairy Sheep ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Type Strains

SUMMARYThis study aimed to: (1) investigate whether non-ruminant wildlife interfacing with dairy sheep and goats of four Greek flocks endemically infected withMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis(MAP) harboured MAP and (2) genetically compare the strains isolated from the wildlife to those isolated from the small ruminants of these flocks. We cultured and screened, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), pooled-tissue samples from 327 wild animals of 11 species for the MAP-specific IS900insertion sequence. We also cultured faecal samples from 100 sheep or goats from each of the four flocks. MAP was detected in samples from 11 sheep, 12 goats, two mice, two rats, a hare and a fox. Only one rat had histopathological findings. Genetic typing categorized 21 isolates as cattle-type strains and two, from a house mouse and a goat respectively, as sheep-type strains; this is the first report of a rodent harbouring a sheep-type strain. The MAP types that were most frequently isolated amongst the sheep and goats of each flock were also the ones isolated from sympatric rodents; those isolated from the fox and hare also belonged to the predominant ruminant strains.

scholarly journals Management approach of livestock manure in present farming system of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Jobaida Shovna Khanam ◽  
Khan Shahidul Huque ◽  
Nazmul Huda ◽  
Mohammad Khairul Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Liquid Slurry

Laying aside manure meat, milk and egg is considered as key performance indicator of livestock farm profitability of Bangladesh till yet whereas manure contains minimum 45-55% feed nutrient fed to animals. A survey based research work was conveyed to find out the major channel of using this valuable livestock manure by farmers from twelve selected district of Bangladesh. Results showed that most of the cattle and buffalo farmers prefer solid storage system to manage their manure. From this stored manure, about 35% was used for land fertilization, 47% for burning fuel preparation, 8% for composting and remaining 10% become completely wasted. A very few of cattle manure (4.65) was utilized by the care of anaerobic digestion. But this improved system was completely absent in case of buffalo and small ruminants manure management. Dung produced from small ruminants fully goes for solid piling. About 20% of poultry manure managed in improved way and the remaining portion was mostly utilized in a very disparage way. In anaerobic digestion system, the produced gas went for home consumption and bio-slurry creates havoc for both farmer and environment. Land fertilization and aquaculture coves its utilization but the amount is too low compared to its production. Above 52% of total bio-slurry become wasted due to limited knowledge and lack of appropriate handling techniques. The scenario of urine and liquid slurry management was very melancholic. About 0.37 and 0.203 kg methane emission per head per year was calculated from solid storage system of cattle and small ruminant animal manure. The value is also high in burning fuel preparation (5.46 kg) and liquid slurry (5.81 kg) and a bit low in anaerobic digestion system (1.24 kg) per head per year. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2019, 5(1): 63-70

Nucleotide sequence analysis of Mx1 gene in Japanese quail

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diwesh Kumar Niraj ◽  
Pushpendra Kumar ◽  
Chinmoy Mishra ◽  
Neeraj Kashyap ◽  
Raj Narayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Mx1 Gene ◽  
Chicken Breeds ◽  
Common Quail

During the process of increasing production potential of poultry, other economically important traits like disease resistance are neglected and ultimately leading to decrease in quality food production. The poultry health management is important due to emergence of highly pathogenic diseases like Avian Influenza. Mx1 gene has been reported to provide resistance against avian influenza virus in chicken. Therefore, present research work was focused to identify the genetic variation of Mx1 gene in Japanese quail. Total three fragments viz. Frag-I of 185 bp (Exon 3 region), Frag-II of 161 bp (Exon 7 region) and Frag-III of 176 bp (Exon 13 region) of Mx1 gene in 170 Japanese quail birds were amplified and screened for polymorphism by PCR-SSCP technique. All the three fragments were found to be monomorphic which was confirmed by dideoxy nucleotide sequencing. Comparative analysis of Mx1 sequence of Japanese quail by MegAlign programme of DNASTAR showed 100% homology with common quail and more than 80% homology with Rhode Island Red and Silki chicken breeds.

The Study of Prognostic and Health Management System for Smart Grid Based on Wireless Sensor Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 719-720 ◽  
pp. 426-430
Author(s):  
Liang Yao ◽  
Jing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Data Processing Method ◽  
Communication Layer ◽  
Grid Based ◽  
Prognostic And Health Management

This paper studies prognostic and health management (PHM) system for smart grid based on wireless sensor networks. The system function is analyzed firstly. Then, problems like networking hardware selection and data processing method have been discussed. The application of data fusion is discussed specially. In the end, the system platform based on a data-centric hierarchical technology architecture is designed with four layers: network configuration layer, network communication layer, platform basis layer and application layer. The research work of this paper is theoretical support for the realization of PHM for smart grid and the application of WSNs in smart grid.

scholarly journals Milk hygiene in small ruminants: A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e05R02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Gonzalo
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Bacterial Counts

Somatic cell count (SCC), mammary pathogens prevalence, total and specific bacterial counts, antimicrobial residues, macroscopic sediment, water addition, aflatoxins and other contaminants constitute the basis for milk payment-schemes, monitoring and improvement of flock hygiene and health management, and development of analytical surveillance programs in the dairy small ruminants. The present work reviews factors influencing the variation of these variables, including milk analytical methods, storage and preservation, along with management implications during the last two decades. Following farmer and cooperative educational programs, progressive reductions have been reported for total bacterial count and antimicrobial residue occurrence in bulk tank milk. These results were consistent, however, with high values for SCC and specific bacterial populations. Thus, mastitis control programs should be intensified to increase hygiene in milk and economic returns for producers and processors. In addition, the implementation of programs to reduce specific bacterial counts (i.e., psychrotrophs, coliforms, Clostridium spp. spores) and mammary pathogen prevalence (i.e., Staph. aureus, Mycoplasma spp.), as well as the use of combined screening methods for an increased rate of antimicrobial detection, are currently required strategies which are positively valuated by milk processors, industry and consumers. Other contaminants may also be present, but cost-effective screening and analytical systems have not yet been implemented. This review aims to be helpful for troubleshooting milk quality and safety, developing future premium payment systems and industry quality-standards, optimizing management, on-farm risk traceability systems and consumer acceptance.

Caring for the Caregivers Through Healthy Human Resource Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihir Dilip Kalambi
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Human Resources For Health ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Human Resource Professionals ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
High Quality Health Care

India has a colossal shortage of human resources for health. The management of human resources in a healthcare institution is vital to enable the delivery of efficient and effective medical services and to achieve patient satisfaction. Everyone proclaims that the human asset is the most important asset. On the other side, health is declared to be one of the most important wealth. Hospitals and pharmaceutical companies constitute two arms of the “health management/ maintenance” effort of humanity. Human resource professionals face many hurdles in their attempt to deliver high-quality health care to citizens. Some of these constraints include budgets, lack of congruence between different stakeholders' values, absenteeism rates, high rates of turnover, and low morale of health personnel.

scholarly journals Haemonchosis: A Challenging Parasitic Infection of Sheep and Goats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Konstantinos V. Arsenopoulos ◽  
George C. Fthenakis ◽  
Eleni I. Katsarou ◽  
Elias Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
The Moment

The paper reviews the challenges about haemonchosis—a significant and common parasitic infection of small ruminants. Haemonchus contortus is a highly pathogenic parasite that localises in the abomasum of affected animals and exerts its pathogenicity by blood-sucking activity, adversely affecting the health and productivity of animals. The first challenge is the uneven distribution of the infection globally, this being more prevalent in tropical and subtropical and warm temperate and summer rainfall regions than in cool and cold temperate and arid regions; hence, this leads in differences in the approaches required for its control. Another challenge is the widespread presence of Haemonchus strains resistant to the various anthelmintics available: Benzimidazoles, imidazothiazoles, macrocyclic lactones, closantel and monepantel, which makes the control of the infection difficult. The third challenge refers to the difficulty of diagnosing the disease, given that field evidence can provide suspicion about the infection, which needs to be subsequently confirmed by laboratory tests through parasitological or molecular techniques. The final challenge relates to the difficulties in the control of the infection and the necessity to use pharmaceutical products cautiously and with a planned approach, to avoid further development of anthelmintic resistance, also given that use of a recently licenced vaccine is not widespread. In conclusion, at the moment, we should be concerned, but not worried, about this infection, and apply correctly the appropriate health management plans.

scholarly journals Método de dimensionamento WISN - workload indicators of staffing need para ambulatórios de saúde corporativa

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (82) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Chrisitiane De Azevedo ◽  
Luis Augusto Sales Lima Pilan ◽  
Rosemeire Keiko Hangai
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Health Management ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Population Health Management ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Recursos Humanos

Empresas de gestão de saúde e segurança ocupacional têm trabalhado também com gestão de saúde populacional. Os desafios relacionados aos recursos humanos disponíveis são crescentes e definir a quantidade de profissionais de saúde necessários para compor as equipes de atendimento assistencial é um entrave para os serviços de saúde. Deste modo, faz-se importante conhecer o dimensionamento ideal das equipes assistenciais necessárias para garantir um atendimento eficiente, eficaz e de qualidade. Objetivo: Proposta de método para o dimensionamento de equipe assistencial para ambulatório de saúde corporativa. Método: Utilizou-se o WISN - workload indicators of staffing need da Organização Mundial da Saúde como proposta de método para o dimensionamento de pessoas. Visando determinar a quantidade de trabalhadores necessários e avaliar a pressão da carga de trabalho da unidade ou serviço sob seus trabalhadores. O estudo foi proposto para um dos ambulatórios de uma empresa brasileira focada em soluções para os mercados de medicina ocupacional e segurança do trabalho. Resultados: O quantitativo de enfermeiro e nutricionista está muito próximo aos valores calculados pelo método WISN e representam uma situação estável, considerado um nível aceitável de trabalhadores. Em relação aos médicos, observou-se a falta desses profissionais, com alta sobrecarga de trabalho. Discussão: Existe a necessidade de se rever o quantitativo de profissionais médicos visto a sobrecarga de trabalho elevada. visualizou-se uma oportunidade de melhoria em relação à carga horária de trabalho anual dos profissionais do ambulatório, que pode ser reavaliada, de modo a garantir a melhoria contínua do quantitativo de atendimentos, sem comprometer a eficiência e a carga de trabalho dos profissionais. Conclusão: os dados gerados pelo WISN fornecem aos gestores de saúde uma forma sistemática de tomar decisões de pessoal para gerir bem seus recursos humanos, apresentando-se como base para planos de contratações futuras.Palavras-chave: Dimensionamento de pessoal; Recursos humanos em saúde. Carga de trabalho; Gestão em Saúde; Gestão da Saúde da População  Sizing method WISN - workload indicators of staffing need for corporate health clinics ABSTRACTOccupational health and safety management companies have also been working with Population Health Management (GSP). The challenges related to the human resources available are increasing and defining the number of health professionals needed to compose the care teams is an obstacle for health services. Thus, it is important to know the ideal dimensioning of the assistance teams necessary to guarantee an efficient, effective, and quality service. Objective: Proposal of a method for the dimensioning of the assistance team for a corporate health clinic. Method: The World Health Organization's Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) was used as a proposed method for dimensioning people. To determine the number of workers needed and assess the pressure of the workload of the unit or service under its workers. The study was proposed for one of the outpatient clinics of a Brazilian company focused on solutions for the medicine and occupational safety markets. Results: The number of nurses and nutritionists is very close to the values calculated by the WISN method and represent a stable situation, considered an acceptable level of workers. Regarding doctors, there was a lack of these professionals, with a high workload. Discussion: There is a need to review the number of medical professionals in view of the high workload. an opportunity for improvement was seen in relation to the annual workload of outpatient professionals, which can be reassessed, to ensure continuous improvement in the number of services, without compromising the efficiency and workload of professionals. Conclusion: The data generated by WISN provides health managers with a systematic way to make personnel decisions to manage their human resources well, presenting themselves as the basis for future hiring plans.Keywords: Personnel Downsizing; Health Manpower; Workload; Health Management; Population Health Management.

scholarly journals Important bioindicators for health management in Romania

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 337-346
Author(s):  
I. Barliba ◽  
S. Tita
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Hospital Performance ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Use Of Services ◽  
Hospital Performance Indicators

Performance measurement is a coherent, robust, integrated, purposeful, comprehensive, efficient and transparent system. The evaluation of healthcare performance in Romania is based on four categories of bioindicators: human resources, use of services, economic and financial aspects, as well as quality. In this work, we were mainly interested in analyzing and describing these parameters. In order to illustrate the applicability of the hospital performance indicators, we considered the results obtained for these indices from the managers of three hospitals of the same level from Romania, the ?Fili?anilor? Hospital from Filia?i, the Rovinari City Hospital and the ?egarcea City Hospital, and herein present them.

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