scholarly journals The Effect of Age, Stage of the Annual Production Cycle and Pregnancy-Rank on the Relationship between Liveweight and Body Condition Score in Extensively Managed Romney Ewes

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Semakula ◽  
Rene Anne Corner-Thomas ◽  
Stephen Morris ◽  
Hugh Blair ◽  
Paul Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Unit Change ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effect Of Age

This study determined the nature of the relationship between liveweight and body condition score (BCS) and assessed the influence of the stage of the annual cycle and pregnancy-rank on the relationship between liveweight and BCS in Romney ewes. Data were collected from the same ewes at different ages (8–18, 19–30, 31–42, 43–54, 55–66 and ≥67 months), stages of the annual cycle (pre-breeding, at pregnancy diagnosis, pre-lambing and weaning) and pregnancy-rank (non-pregnant, single or twin). Linear regression was determined as being sufficient to accurately describe the relationship between liveweight and BCS. Across all data, a one-unit change in BCS was associated with 6.2 ± 0.05 kg liveweight, however, this differed by stage of the cycle, pregnancy-rank and ewe age (p <0.05). The average liveweight per unit change in body condition score increased with the age of the ewe and was greatest at weaning and lowest pre-lambing. Among pregnancy-ranks, the average liveweight per unit change was also greater during pregnancy diagnosis than pre-lambing and was greatest among single and lowest in non-pregnant ewes. The results support the hypothesis that the relationship between liveweight and BCS is affected by the interaction between stage of the annual cycle, pregnancy-rank and ewe age.

scholarly journals Predicting Ewe Body Condition Score Using Lifetime Liveweight and Liveweight Change, and Previous Body Condition Score Record

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1182
Author(s):  
Jimmy Semakula ◽  
Rene Anne Corner-Thomas ◽  
Stephen Todd Morris ◽  
Hugh Thomas Blair ◽  
Paul Richard Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Combined Models ◽  
Body Condition Scores

The body condition score (BCS) in sheep (Ovis aries) is a widely used subjective measure of body condition. Body condition score and liveweight have been reported to be statistically and often linearly related in ewes. Therefore, it was hypothesized that current BCS could be accurately and indirectly predicted using a ewe’s lifetime liveweight, liveweight change, and previous BCS record. Ewes born between 2011 and 2012 (n = 11,798) were followed from 8 months to approximately 67 months of age in New Zealand. Individual ewe data was collected on liveweight and body condition scores at each stage of the annual cycle (pre-breeding, pregnancy diagnosis, pre-lambing, and weaning). Linear regression models were fitted to predict BCS at a given ewe age and stage of the annual cycle using a ewe’s lifetime liveweight records (liveweight alone models). Further, linear models were then fitted using previous BCS and changes in liveweight, in addition to the lifetime liveweight records (combined models). Using the combined models improved (p < 0.01) the R2 value by 39.8% (from 0.32 to 0.45) and lowered the average prediction error by 10% to 12% (from 0.29 to 0.26 body condition scores). However, a significant portion of the variability in BCS remained unaccounted for (39% to 89%) even in the combined models. The procedures found in this study, therefore, may overestimate or underestimate measures by 0.23 to 0.32 BCS, which could substantially change the status of the ewe, leading to incorrect management decisions. However, the findings do still suggest that there is potential for predicting ewe BCS from liveweight using linear regression if the key variables affecting the relationship between BCS and liveweight are accounted for.

scholarly journals Association of body condition with lameness in dairy cattle: a single-farm longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Michaela Kranepuhl ◽  
Detlef May ◽  
Edna Hillmann ◽  
Lorenz Gygax
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This research communication describes the relationship between the occurrence of lameness and body condition score (BCS) in a sample of 288 cows from a single farm that were repeatedly scored in the course of 9 months while controlling for confounding variables. The relationship between BCS and lameness was evaluated using generalised linear mixed-effects models. It was found that the proportion of lame cows was higher with decreasing but also with increasing BCS, increased with lactation number and decreased with time since the last claw trimming. This is likely to reflect the importance of sufficient body condition in the prevention of lameness but also raises the question of the impact of overcondition on lameness and the influence of claw trimming events on the assessment of lameness. A stronger focus on BCS might allow improved management of lameness that is still one of the major problems in housed cows.

scholarly journals Analysis of the relationship between occlusal and clinical parameters and the need for incisor reduction in confined horses - a retrospective study

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 2052-2057
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Rapp de Oliveira Pimentel ◽  
André Luis do Valle De Zoppa
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dental Intervention ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between occlusal and clinical parameters and the need for incisor shortening in horses. It was based on the retrospective analysis of the dental charts of 75 confined horses. Body condition score, shape of incisors, presence of dysmastication, excursion to molar contact (EMC) distance before and after cheek teeth occlusal adjustment were evaluated. History of difficult to riding, dysmastication and digestive problems was also considered. The initial measurement of lateral excursion to molar contact (EMC) revealed incisor occlusal surface abnormalities in 45 (60%) horses and long incisors (EMC>15mm) in five (6.6%) horses. Considering clinical examination and history data the need for reduction of incisor length was significant when EMC exceeded 15mm (P<0.0001) and when based on dental shape, clinical history of dysmastication and/or digestive problems or body condition score was also significant (P<0.05). In confined horses, the decision to shorten and align the incisor teeth should be based on observation and history of dysmastication and digestive problems, body condition score, incisors shape and EMC distance. The need for incisor reduction should be determined before dental intervention and reassessed following cheek teeth oclusal adjustment

scholarly journals Body condition score to predict the postpartum fertility of crossbred beef cows

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Ferrugem Moraes ◽  
Carlos Miguel Jaume ◽  
Carlos José Hoff de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between changes in body condition score (BCS) during the postpartum and fertility in beef cows suckling calves under extensive conditions were investigated. Cows were subjected to four BCS evaluations over the postpartum period, starting around one month after calving. In the second evaluation cows were treated with medroxy-progesterone acetate impregnated pessaries and received an injection of estradiol benzoate. At the third evaluation, pessaries were removed and calves were separated from the cows for 96 hours, during which time estrous was observed twice a day, and animals artificially inseminated 12 hours after detection. When calves returned to their dams, bulls were introduced until a 60-day mating period was reached. The distribution of BCS differed among calving groups and evaluations. Results indicated that only cows comprising a BCS 3 (1 to 5 scale) around the first month postpartum can be used in an artificial insemination program with possibilities of becoming pregnant. There was no statistical difference between the calving groups in pregnancy rate. The evolution of the BCS of the cows during postpartum can be used to adjust the start of the breeding season to coincide with the time of the year where herd pregnancy rates will be highest.

The effects of body weight and its components on lambing performance in some commercial flocks in Britain

1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Geisler ◽  
J. S. Fenlon
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Skeletal Size ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTAn analysis of the records of ewe weight and condition at mating together with subsequent lambing performance for several commercial flocks in the UK revealed no significant relationship between lambing performance and size, measured by weight transformed to a standard condition. The relationship between mating weight and body condition score at mating was linear though there was considerable variation in weight at a fixed body condition, suggesting a substantial spread in skeletal size. Increases in ovulation rate were not discernible from lambing figures over the range of body conditions observed in these flocks.

scholarly journals Karayaka Koyunlarında Gebelikte Kondisyon Puanı ve Transabdominal Ultrasonografi Yönteminin Kullanımı Üzerine Bir Araştırma

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1789
Author(s):  
Hilal Tozlu Çelik ◽  
Fatih Ahmet Aslan ◽  
Yeliz Kaşko Arıcı ◽  
Metehan Eser Kahveci ◽  
İbrahim Kiper
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

In this study, it was aimed to determine the number of pregnancies and infants by B-Mod Real Time 3.5 MHz linear transabdominal probe ultrasonography device on the 50th day of pregnancy in 126 head Karayaka sheep. In addition, the relationship between body condition score and fry birth weight was tried to be determined on the 50th day of pregnancy and sheep age. The findings obtained by ultrasonography device were compared with the lambing records. In this study, the accuracy of ultrasound examination was 84% and sensitivity was 93%. The correlation coefficient between the average body condition score of the sheep on the 50th day of pregnancy and birth weight of the offspring was calculated as 0.234 and it was found to be statistically significant. It was determined that there was a significant relationship between the sheep age and the body condition score at the 50th day of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Relationships between changes in Holstein cow’s body condition, acetone and urea content in milk and cervical mucus and sperm survival

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Beran ◽  
Luděk Stádník ◽  
Jaromír Ducháček ◽  
Monika Okrouhlá
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Cervical Mucus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Third ◽  
Urea Content ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Sperm Survival ◽  
The Relationship

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationship between changes in Holstein cow’s body condition score (BCS), acetone and urea content in the milk and cervical mucus (CM) and sperm survival in CM. At insemination, samples of milk and CM were collected from 64 Holstein cows. Content of acetone and urea were determined. Sperm motility was assessed subjectively at the beginning and after 30, 60 and 90 minutes of the short-term heat test in CM. Data about evaluation of cow’s BCS were taken from farm evidence. The data set was analyzed using SAS/STAT software. Effect of change in cow’s BCS one month before insemination was significant only in relation to the acetone content in milk (P < 0.05). Higher values of acetone and urea content were found in the CM compared to milk. Higher levels of both metabolites were detected in primiparous cows and in cows on the third and subsequent lactation, resp. in cows inseminated 3 times and more. The highest values of both metabolites negatively affected sperm survival during the short-term heat test, especially after 90 minutes (P < 0.05–0.01). Significant decreases (P < 0.05–0.01) were detected in cows with the highest level of acetone and urea.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the body condition of high yielding cows

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Grubic ◽  
Z. Novakovic ◽  
S. Aleksic ◽  
Lj. Sretenovic ◽  
V. Pantelic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Production Practice ◽  
Condition Score

Problems which relate to production, health and reproduction in herds of high yielding cows very often occur due to insufficient knowledge and monitoring of energy reserves in cow organisms. Many researches and practical experiences in this field indicate significant relation between body condition and achieved results in production. Body condition of heads of cattle in certain stages of production cycle is important parameter of applied nutrition, but also entire technological procedure. In countries with developed cattle production, evaluation of body condition has for several years been main component of production practice on farms. It is considered that condition is very reliable indicator of the nutrition status and energy balance in the organism. Body condition score is subjective and practical method which enables precise assessment of deposited fat in the cow organism by observing and touching previously determined body regions and fields. There is considerable variability of the condition of cows in different stages of production cycle. Body condition of high yielding cows often comes out of the frame of optimal values for certain stage of production cycle. Decrease of production, disorders in health condition and fertility of cows indicate the nature of relation between inadequate body condition and stated problems. Shape and strength of the relation between production results and body condition score confirms its reliability. This is all indication of the need for wider application of this evaluation system. Based on body condition score, beside other important factors in the production cycle, there is realistic possibility to achieve more efficient production of milk from the aspect of energy. Main purpose of this paper was to present how the application of methods for body condition score and its significance for production practice can be functional.

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