scholarly journals Scaled-Up Biodiesel Production from Meat Processing Dissolved Air Flotation Sludge: A Simulation Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oseweuba Okoro
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Analysis ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Dissolved Air

For the first time, a steady state computational simulation for the production of biodiesel from meat processing dissolved air flotation sludge via an integrated process of in-situ hydrolysis and esterification technologies has been investigated. Important thermophysical properties of the intrinsic lipids of dissolved air flotation sludge were estimated using chemical constituent fragment methods. The environmental performance and the economic performance of the biodiesel production process were assessed via the estimation of the net energy ratio (NER) and the unit production cost, respectively. Since electrical energy requirements may be satisfied via either non-renewable (case A) or renewable sources (case B), the NER was determined for both scenarios. To enhance the robustness of the study results, uncertainties in the NER and the unit cost of the biodiesel production process due to the variability of the underlying study assumptions were also assessed. Uncertainty analysis indicated that the likely range of the NER for the biodiesel production process for cases A and B are 1.76 to 3.32 and 1.82 to 3.36, respectively, at 95% probability. Uncertainty analysis also showed that the likely range of the unit production cost for biodiesel is $US0.41/kg-biodiesel to $US0.71/kg-biodiesel at 95% probability. The results that were obtained in this study therefore provide evidence of both the environmental sustainability and the economic viability of biodiesel production from dissolved air flotation sludge via the proposed integrated process of in-situ hydrolysis and esterification.

scholarly journals In situ treatment of metalworking wastewater by chemical addition-dissolved air flotation coupled with UV, H2O2 & ZnO

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e03091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mehdi Golbini Mofrad ◽  
Hamidreza Pourzamani ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Amin ◽  
Iman Parseh ◽  
Mohammadreza Alipour
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Dissolved Air

Emerging investigator series: control of membrane fouling by dissolved algal organic matter using pre-oxidation with coagulation as seawater pretreatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaskar Jyoti Deka ◽  
Jiaxin Guo ◽  
Sanghyun Jeong ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Alicia Kyoungjin An
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Algal Organic Matter ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Dissolved Air

High AOM removal achieved by pre-oxidation with coagulation–flocculation-dissolved air flotation. In situ ferrate was formed by wet chemical oxidation of NaOCl-Fe3+. Membrane fouling was significantly alleviated and assessed by OCT technique.

Application of dissolved air flotation for treatment of wastewater from meat processing industry

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 341-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wasowski
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
The Given ◽  
Dissolved Air

The paper concerns the application of dissolved air flotation for treatment of waste water from the meat processing industry. The main aim of the study was identification of the flotation mechanism aided by the coagulation in the layouts with and without recycling, and finding and defining the role of the technological factors influencing flotability of pollutants found in the given waste waters. The results of the studies, supported by the mathematical analysis, form the basis of rational design and conduction of flotation in practice.

Pre-treatment with dissolved air flotation considering an integrated process design

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
J. Dahlquist ◽  
M. Kulesza
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Treatment Step ◽  
Dissolved Air

The raw water from Lake Zegrzynski is difficult to treat and requires a high chemical dosing rate of coagulant for the reduction of organic matter in order to comply with EU standards. The high degree of reduction calls for an efficient coagulant, but also an optimal chemistry such as correct dosing amount and an optimal flocculation-pH. The paper describes different removal efficiencies of organic matter, particularly with respect to pH in flocculation. During the warm season, the raw water can also suffer from large amounts of plankton that are difficult to remove to a satisfactory degree. In a two-step chemical treatment concept, with Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) and the pulsator process, the plankton content in the final outlet water is reduced to very low levels. It follows that eventual peaks of plankton in the raw water cannot be detected in the final outlet water. Ozone is added for removal of taste and odour originating from the presence of plankton. In the pre-treatment step prior to the ozonation, a great deal of the organic matter is removed, which reduces the necessary ozone dosage. The Municipal Water Company of Warsaw City has decided to consider an additional pre-treatment step to the existing water treatment plant at Wieliszew. For that purpose, and bearing in mind an integrated process design, the company has performed pilot-scale experiments with DAF installed prior to a process line identical with the existing full-scale plant. The experimental flow is about 10 m3/h.

scholarly journals Prognostic Assessment of the Viability of Hydrothermal Liquefaction as a Post-Resource Recovery Step after Enhanced Biomethane Generation Using Co-Digestion Technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oseweuba Okoro ◽  
Zhifa Sun ◽  
John Birch
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Volatile Solid ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Biomethane Potential ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Dissolved Air

In line with global efforts at encouraging paradigm transitions from waste disposal to resource recovery, the anaerobic co-digestion of substrates of wet hydrolyzed meat processing dissolved air flotation sludge and meat processing stock yard waste was investigated in the present study. It was demonstrated that the co-digestion of these substrates leads to the introduction of co-digestion synergizing effects. This study assessed biomethane potentials of the co-digestion of different substrate mixtures, with the preferred substrate mixture composed of stockyard waste and wet hydrolyzed meat processing dissolved air flotation sludge, present in a 4:1 ratio on a volatile solid mass basis. This co-digestion substrate mix ratio presented an experimentally determined cumulative biomethane potential of 264.13 mL/gVSadded (volatile solid). The experimentally determined cumulative biomethane potential was greater than the predicted maximum cumulative biomethane potential of 148.4 mL/gVSadded, anticipated from a similar substrate mixture if synergizing effects were non-existent. The viability of integrating a downstream hydrothermal liquefaction processing of the digestate residue from the co-digestion process, for enhanced resource recovery, was also initially assessed. Assessments were undertaken via the theoretical based estimation of the yields of useful products of biocrude and biochar obtainable from the hydrothermal liquefaction processing of the digestate residue. The environmental sustainability of the proposed integrated system of anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal liquefaction technologies was also initially assessed. The opportunity for secondary resource recovery from the digestate, via the employment of the hydrothermal liquefaction process and the dependence of the environmental sustainability of the integrated system on the moisture content of the digestate, were established. It is anticipated that the results of this study will constitute an invaluable basis for the future large-scale implementation of the proposed integrated system for enhanced value extraction from organic waste streams.

Behaviour of air injection nozzles in dissolved air flotation

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Rykaart ◽  
J. Haarhoff
Keyword(s):  
Bubble Coalescence ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Nozzle Orifice ◽  
Pressure Release ◽  
Air Volume ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Dissolved Air

A simple two-phase conceptual model is postulated to explain the initial growth of microbubbles after pressure release in dissolved air flotation. During the first phase bubbles merely expand from existing nucleation centres as air precipitates from solution, without bubble coalescence. This phase ends when all excess air is transferred to the gas phase. During the second phase, the total air volume remains the same, but bubbles continue to grow due to bubble coalescence. This model is used to explain the results from experiments where three different nozzle variations were tested, namely a nozzle with an impinging surface immediately outside the nozzle orifice, a nozzle with a bend in the nozzle channel, and a nozzle with a tapering outlet immediately outside the nozzle orifice. From these experiments, it is inferred that the first phase of bubble growth is completed at approximately 1.7 ms after the start of pressure release.

Enhanced rapid gravity filtration and dissolved air flotation for pre-treatment of river thames reservoir water

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Bauer ◽  
R. Bayley ◽  
M. J. Chipps ◽  
A. Eades ◽  
R. J. Scriven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Lowland Rivers ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Counter Current ◽  
Dissolved Air

Thames Water treats approximately 2800Ml/d of water originating mainly from the lowland rivers Thames and Lee for supply to over 7.3million customers, principally in the cities of London and Oxford. This paper reviews aspects of Thames Water's research, design and operating experiences of treating algal rich reservoir stored lowland water. Areas covered include experiences of optimising reservoir management, uprating and upgrading of rapid gravity filtration (RGF), standard co-current dissolved air flotation (DAF) and counter-current dissolved air flotation/filtration (COCO-DAFF®) to counter operational problems caused by seasonal blooms of filter blocking algae such as Melosira spp., Aphanizomenon spp. and Anabaena spp. A major programme of uprating and modernisation (inclusion of Advanced Water Treatment: GAC and ozone) of the major works is in progress which, together with the Thames Tunnel Ring Main, will meet London's water supply needs into the 21st Century.

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